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Overview
It’s the Linux Security Summit in Bilbao this week and we bring you some highlights from our favourite talks, plus we cover the 25 most stubborn software weaknesses, and we look at security updates for Open VM Tools, libwebp, Django, binutils, Indent, the Linux kernel and more.
This week in Ubuntu Security Updates88 unique CVEs addressed
[USN-6365-1] Open VM Tools vulnerability (00:45)- 1 CVEs addressed in Focal (20.04 LTS), Jammy (22.04 LTS), Lunar (23.04)
- Failed to properly validate SAML tokens - uses the xmlsec library but when verifying the signature on a SAML document, failed to configure the library to only use the X509 certificate for validation - since presumably an attacker could intercept the SAML token, and replace the X509 cert with a different type of signature which would then be trusted by the xmlsec library and allow the attacker to gain access
- 1 CVEs addressed in Xenial ESM (16.04 ESM)
- Fixed for other releases in [USN-6296-1] PostgreSQL vulnerabilities in Episode
206 - one issue, which allowed an attacker to escalate their privileges
(from
CREATEto being able to execute arbitrary code as a bootstrap superuser) also affected PostgreSQL 9.5 in Ubuntu 16.04
- 2 CVEs addressed in Xenial ESM (16.04 ESM), Bionic ESM (18.04 ESM), Focal (20.04 LTS)
- Divide by zero and buffer overflow in handling of PDFs -> DoS / RCE?
- 1 CVEs addressed in Focal (20.04 LTS), Jammy (22.04 LTS), Lunar (23.04)
- heap buffer overflow -> OOB write -> RCE
- originally reported as a vuln in Chrome on 12 September - full impact that
this was actually a bug in libwebp became clear a few days later
- Solar Designer has a good thread on the details on oss-security
- 1 CVEs addressed in Focal (20.04 LTS)
- 117.0.1 for the libwebp fix above
- 6 CVEs addressed in Focal (20.04 LTS), Jammy (22.04 LTS), Lunar (23.04)
- 102.15.1 - libwebp issue above plus various other issues - various UAFs,
missing
.xllfiles from standard blocklist that warns users when downloading executables - more of a windows issue but these are Excel add-in files - ie. plugins for Excel, “memory safety bugs”
- 3 CVEs addressed in Trusty ESM (14.04 ESM), Xenial ESM (16.04 ESM), Bionic ESM (18.04 ESM), Focal (20.04 LTS), Jammy (22.04 LTS)
- CPU-based DoS when parsing excessively nested JSON objects (needs to be tens-of-thousands deep)
- Mishandling of NUL byte in file uploads - would parse the filename as a string
but if it contained an embedded NUL byte then filename would be truncated and
hence could result in a buffer overread or the ability to bypass the web
application firewall for rules which read from the
FILES_TMP_CONTENTvariable - Mishandling of HTTP multipart requests could also allow to bypass WAF
- 1 CVEs addressed in Trusty ESM (14.04 ESM), Xenial ESM (16.04 ESM), Bionic ESM (18.04 ESM), Focal (20.04 LTS)
- OOB read - low impact since requires to connect to a malicious server to trigger - and outcome is likely a DoS
- 1 CVEs addressed in Xenial ESM (16.04 ESM)
- Ability to crash the dbus daemon by an unprivileged user - BUT only if there is a privileged user using the in-built monitoring interface of dbus to monitor the traffic - so low chance of being able to trigger this and the outcome is just a DoS anyway - and will be restarted by systemd anyway
- 1 CVEs addressed in Trusty ESM (14.04 ESM), Xenial ESM (16.04 ESM), Bionic ESM (18.04 ESM), Focal (20.04 LTS), Jammy (22.04 LTS)
- Heap OOB read - DoS
- 2 CVEs addressed in Xenial ESM (16.04 ESM), Bionic ESM (18.04 ESM), Focal (20.04 LTS), Jammy (22.04 LTS), Lunar (23.04)
- 2 different NULL ptr deref
- viewing crafted email
- composing from a specially crafted draft email
- DoS only
- Affecting Jammy (22.04 LTS), Lunar (23.04)
- Could crash
atftpdif requesting a non-existant file - turns out to be a buffer overflow so could possibly be used for code execution
- 1 CVEs addressed in Focal (20.04 LTS)
- OOB read when parsing a crafted Start of Authority (SOA) reply
- 1 CVEs addressed in Focal (20.04 LTS)
- Failed to reject images with invalid pixel aspect ratio - leading to an OOB read -> crash
- 1 CVEs addressed in Focal (20.04 LTS), Jammy (22.04 LTS), Lunar (23.04)
- DoS via handling of URIs with a very large number of unicode characters - algorithm would parse from start of string forwards for every invalid unicode character - instead of just using the remainder of the string
- 1 CVEs addressed in Focal (20.04 LTS)
- Possible application layer confusion attack (ALPACA) - abuses wildcard or multi-domain certificates to redirect traffic from one subdomain to another
- 8 CVEs addressed in Trusty ESM (14.04 ESM), Xenial ESM (16.04 ESM), Bionic ESM (18.04 ESM)
- memory leaks in nm and when disassembling microblaze instructions -> DoS
- various buffer overflows in different functions -> DoS / RCE
- failure to zero memory -> info leak
- OOB read in objdump
- heap buffer overflow in readelf
- in general, we don’t consider it safe to run binutils on untrusted inputs
- 6 CVEs addressed in Xenial ESM (16.04 ESM), Bionic ESM (18.04 ESM), Focal (20.04 LTS)
- abort when sending a crafted X509 certificate -> DoS
- 2 different HTTP request smuggling attacks
- possible bypass of HTTP authorization since would include whitespace in HTTP headers
- couple memory corruption issues in various operations implemented in C
- 1 CVEs addressed in Xenial ESM (16.04 ESM), Bionic ESM (18.04 ESM), Focal (20.04 LTS)
- NULL ptr deref upon reception of a UDP multi-packet request
- 1 CVEs addressed in Focal (20.04 LTS), Jammy (22.04 LTS), Lunar (23.04)
- heap buffer overflow -> DoS / RCE
- 8 CVEs addressed in Jammy (22.04 LTS)
- 5.15
- same set of vulns from [USN-6350-1, USN-6351-1, USN-6339-2, USN-6339-3] Linux kernel vulnerabilities
- 5 CVEs addressed in Jammy (22.04 LTS), Lunar (23.04)
- 6.2 all in 23.04, HWE in 22.04
- speculative execution leak when performing a divide-by-zero on various AMD processors
- possible privilege escalation in ARM64 KVM implementation -> guest VM could then write to host memory -> code execution
- UAF in L2CAP socket handling in bluetooth - local DoS / code execution
- UAF in various network packet classifiers - local DoS via unprivileged user namespace
- Memory leak in netfilter - also able to be abused by an unprivileged user in a user namespace
- 2 CVEs addressed in Jammy (22.04 LTS)
- 6.1
- speculative execution leak when performing a divide-by-zero on various AMD processors
- Memory leak in netfilter - also able to be abused by an unprivileged user in a user namespace
- 37 CVEs addressed in Jammy (22.04 LTS)
- CVE-2023-4569
- CVE-2023-4273
- CVE-2023-4128
- CVE-2023-40283
- CVE-2023-4015
- CVE-2023-4004
- CVE-2023-3995
- CVE-2023-3863
- CVE-2023-3777
- CVE-2023-3776
- CVE-2023-3611
- CVE-2023-3610
- CVE-2023-3609
- CVE-2023-3390
- CVE-2023-32269
- CVE-2023-3220
- CVE-2023-31436
- CVE-2023-3141
- CVE-2023-3090
- CVE-2023-2898
- CVE-2023-28466
- CVE-2023-28328
- CVE-2023-2269
- CVE-2023-2235
- CVE-2023-2163
- CVE-2023-2162
- CVE-2023-20593
- CVE-2023-2002
- CVE-2023-1611
- CVE-2023-1380
- CVE-2023-1206
- CVE-2023-4194
- CVE-2023-1076
- CVE-2023-1075
- CVE-2023-0458
- CVE-2022-4269
- CVE-2022-27672
- 6.0 OEM
- All the previously mentioned vulns plus a heap more - kudos to OEM team and Timo Aaltonen from the kernel team for the most number of CVEs fixed this week
- 4 CVEs addressed in Focal (20.04 LTS), Jammy (22.04 LTS)
- 5.15 22.04 GA. 20.04 HWE
- 3 CVEs addressed in Bionic ESM (18.04 ESM), Focal (20.04 LTS)
- 5.4 20.04 GA, 18.04 HWE
- 9 CVEs addressed in Trusty ESM (14.04 ESM), Xenial ESM (16.04 ESM)
- 4.4 16.04 GA, 14.04 HWE
- Hardware-backed Per-process Secrets - Matthew Garrett, Aurora
- Mark Esler described as a crystal clear explanation of how TPM works and proposes an automated attestation for confidential computing
- Estimating Security Risk Through Repository Mining - Tamas K. Lengyel, Intel
proposed that most common metrics don’t demonstrate code quality, except
possibly percentage of cognitive complex functions
- cyclomatic complexity measured how hard to test - cognitive complexity
tries to measure how hard to understand
- premise is that if you can’t understand it, you can’t see the vulns
- intuitively makes sense, but relies on the ability actually measure cognitive complexity
- Cognitive Complexity: A new way of measuring understandability white paper by G. Ann Campbell of SonarSource
- I missed this one but as Steve Beattie said, it does provide some things to think about in the context of the security reviews that the Ubuntu Security does as part of the MIR process (for a good overview of this, take a step back in time to Main inclusion review security code audits discussion with Seth Arnold from Episode 32)
- cyclomatic complexity measured how hard to test - cognitive complexity
tries to measure how hard to understand
- https://cwe.mitre.org/top25/archive/2023/2023_stubborn_weaknesses.html
- MITRE 2023 CWE Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Weaknesses published from Episode 201
- 15 CWEs present in every one of the last 5 top 25 most dangerous lists from MITRE
- all fall into one of three different categories
- errors when processing of data from untrusted sources providing an initial entry point for compromise
- weaknesses from using languages that don’t provide strong memory safety guarantees
- poor security architecture / design choices
- re memory safety - MITRE note that this has been coming down - CWE-119 (“Improper Restriction of Operations within Bounds of a Memory Buffer”) was once ranked 1 5 years ago, is now 17. Related (but not directly memory safety but more correctness) CWE-190 (“Integer Overflow or Wraparound”) was ranked 5, is now 7.
- Really shows that if you are implementing any new code, choosing a language that is memory safe will help avoid a lot of the most prevalent security issues - clearly won’t help with lack of proper input validation or poor security architecture etc - but will cut out the most dangerous and most stubborn issues (OOB W, UAF etc)
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