WEBVTT
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This episode is produced with Level Up Texas Powdered by Texas A and M.
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Hey parents, this episode continues our series with Level Up Texas and the Texas AM Office for Youth Engagement, exploring STEM careers and the science behind their jobs.
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Okay, let's get started.
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Hank, it's the middle of summer here in Texas, and it is hot outside.
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Woo! It's so hot, I think my shoelaces are melting.
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I think you're right, Hank.
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We need to cool down.
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I wish I could make this room colder.
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I know.
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How about we tape a giant popsicle to the wall?
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Woo!
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Woo!
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Yeah, we'd probably eat it.
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Here's another idea.
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We fill the house with snow.
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Woo!
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Good point.
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I don't actually know where we can get the snow.
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Okay, this is my best idea yet.
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We tape ice cubes to the ceiling fan.
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Yeah, now that I say that out loud, they'd probably slip and fly across the room.
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Ah, there it is.
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The beautiful sound of air conditioning.
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And the air coming from the vent is nice and cool.
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Woo!
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Of course! I know how air conditioners work, Hank.
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You see?
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Inside each air conditioner are two penguins who are making snowballs, and then they have a big snowball fight, and the snowball fight makes the air cooled.
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Okay, I don't actually know how they work, but I want to learn, and so do you orbiters?
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Why does AC give cooler and what is difference between between air cooler and air conditioner?
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Bye!
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How air conditioning was invented.
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Thank you, bye! How has air conditioning changed cities and countries all around the globe?
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Today we're exploring the cool science of air conditioners, and we asked Mr.
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John to help us out.
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Hi orbiters, my name is John Vernon, and I teach heating and cooling at Skill Point Alliance in Midland, Texas.
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Skill Point Alliance is a nonprofit organization that helps people learn skilled trades through free, fast-paced job training.
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I teach students how air conditioners and refrigerators work and how to fix them safely.
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You sound like a real air conditioning expert, Mr.
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John.
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Alright, can you get us rolling, Adwat?
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Hello, my name is Adwat.
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I am seven years old.
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I live in Jammu, India.
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My question is why does AC give cooler and what is the difference between between air cooler and air conditioner?
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Bye.
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Good question, Edwat.
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Air conditioning means treating the air to make people comfortable.
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An air conditioner moves heat from inside your house to outside.
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When the heat leaves the room, the room feels cooler.
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Hi, I'm Lisa.
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I am eight years old and I live in Ecuador.
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And my question is, how do air conditioners make the hot air into cool air?
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Bye.
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Hi Arbeid, my name is Sigrid Mostahan.
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I'm 10 years old.
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I live in Santa Cruz, Bolivia, and my question is how do air conditioners function inside?
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Thank you, bye.
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Great question, Alyssa Negret.
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So air conditioners don't create cold air.
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Wait a second.
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Are you sure, Mr.
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John?
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I'm pretty sure I feel cold air when I turn on the air conditioner.
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If an air conditioner doesn't create cold air, what in the world does it do?
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The way to think about it is an air conditioner takes heat from inside the house and moves it outside.
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The big science concept to understand air conditioners is that heat wants to move from something hot to something cold.
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Wow! Did you know that, orbiters?
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Scientists think of cold as just having less heat.
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So instead of saying something is cold, you could also just say it has less heat than something else.
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Like, instead of ice cream is cold, you could say this super delicious chocolate sprinkle sparkle ice cream is very, very not hot.
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Sorry, Hank, apparently I have ice cream on the mind.
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Alright, John, I was thinking about this.
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When I leave my baseball glove on the floor in the living room and my mom tells me to take it outside, I just pick up the glove and I carry it outside.
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But if I want to take heat and move it outside the house, I don't know how to do that.
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I can't just grab a handful of heat and throw it outside.
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So how does an air conditioner do that?
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It starts with a special chemical called refrigerant.
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The refrigerant travels through pipes back and forth between the inside and outside parts of the air conditioner.
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Okay, there's a new word in there.
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Refrigerant.
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Can you say that with me?
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On the count of three.
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One, two, three.
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Refrigerant.
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Way to go.
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Refrigerant is a liquid with a superpower.
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Refrigerant is really, really, really, really, really, really, really, really good at soaking up heat from the air and carrying it somewhere else.
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Inside your house, the refrigerant gets very cold and moves through small metal pipes called coils.
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A fan blows warm air from the room across these cold coils.
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What does that do, Mr.
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John?
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Remember, heat wants to move from warm things to cooler things.
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So the heat from the warm air moves into the cold coils and into the refrigerant inside of those.
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Once the refrigerant absorbs the heat, it carries that heat outside through the pipes.
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Ah, so the refrigerant is acting like a sponge.
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Hey orbiters, imagine spilling water on your table.
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If you put a sponge on the water, what happens?
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That's right.
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The sponge soaks up the water.
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Well, refrigerant is like a sponge, but for heat.
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So now our heat sponge is full.
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What happens next?
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Well, outside a machine called a compressor squeezes the refrigerant into a hot, high-pressure gas.
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Then a fan blows outdoor air across the outside coils and the heat is released into the air outside.
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So the air conditioner is really moving heat.
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Wait a second.
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Did you hear that?
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The compressor squeezes the refrigerant.
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Remember the sponge you used on the table?
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Well, what happens when you squeeze it?
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All the water comes out.
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When the compressor squeezes the refrigerant, instead of releasing water, it releases heat into the air.
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After the refrigerant gets squeezed by the compressor, the heat gets released outdoors.
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Then the refrigerant is kind of like a dry sponge again, and the air conditioning system can send the refrigerant back inside so it can soak up more heat all over again.
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Hey Mr.
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John, what were the key steps again?
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First, the chemical refrigerant absorbs the heat from the air inside your house.
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Second, the refrigerant carries the heat outside the house, and finally, it releases the heat outside.
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Hey John, one more question.
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What does the fan do?
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Why does an air conditioner blow air around?
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After the fan blows the air across the cold coils, the air has less heat in it, so it feels cooler when it comes back into the room.
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That cool air is what you feel coming out of the vent.
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Isn't that cool, Hank?
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Now I get why Mr.
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John keeps saying that air conditioners don't create cold air.
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They move heat from inside to outside.
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Hey families, this is a great point to pause the episode and talk about this together.
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Can your curious orbiters explain how an air conditioner works?
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Here's a few vocabulary words you might use.
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Heat inside the house.
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Refrigerant acting like a sponge.
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Compressor, the super squeezer.
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Coils that the refrigerant moves through.
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A fan that blows air.
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Okay, your turn.
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Pause here and talk together.
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Ready to continue?
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Hello, my name is Margaret and I'm eight years old.
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I live in North Carolina.
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And my question is when and who made the AC.
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Thank you.
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Hello Orbits, my name is Amita.
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I am eight-year-old.
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I live in Venezuela and I want to know how air conditioning was invented.
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Thank you, bye!
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You know what that means, orbiters?
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Into the Orbiter Time Machine.
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Three, two, one, air.
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Air conditioning was invented in 1902 by an engineer named Willis Carrier.
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Hello, orbiters.
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You can call me Willis.
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I'm an engineer and I'm extremely sweaty in this room.
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He was trying to solve a problem at a printing shop where hot, humid air was causing the paper and ink to stop working correctly.
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Flabber snappers.
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Not again.
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The paper is bending.
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The ink is smearing.
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The newspapers look like melted pancakes.
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So he designed a system that could control both temperature and humidity by moving heat and moisture out of the air.
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Dear Diary.
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The giant popsicles on the wall idea didn't work.
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But what if we take the heat from in here and move it out there?
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Maybe the ink won't melt.
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That invention helped the printing machines work better and it became the beginning of modern air conditioning.
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Today we still use many of the same science ideas and air conditioners around the world.
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My question is, how has air conditioning changed cities and countries all around the globe?
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Well, Luna, air conditioning has changed the whole world.
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It's made it possible for people to live and work more comfortably in very hot places.
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Before air conditioning, some cities were much harder to work in during the summer because the heat and humidity could make people tired and uncomfortable.
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Air conditioning helps schools, hospitals, offices, factories, and homes stay cooler and safer.
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It also helps store food, medicine, and other products without them spoiling.
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I guess you're right.
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Can you imagine if we didn't have air conditioning to keep milk cold or ice cream frozen, they would go bad really fast.
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And that would taste gross.
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Hey orbiters, let's pause here for a mystery sound.
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You could move around and wiggle while you think of what it is.
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Stick around to the end for the answer.
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Okay, let's get back to more questions.
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Hey Mr.
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John, why do you know so much about air conditioners?
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Are there people who are experts in air conditioners?
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An air conditioning technician is someone who diagnoses problems with air conditioners, figures out what's wrong with the system, and fixes it.
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Hi, white biggest.
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My name is Kenji.
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I'm six years old.
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I live in Pasadena, California, and my question is how do people learn to work on air conditioner spice?
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Well, Kenji, most air conditioning technicians start by going to a trade school or a training program.
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These can be as short as five weeks and teach the basics of heating, cooling, electricity, safety, and how the refrigeration cycle works.
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Then they usually start working with experience technicians to get real job experience.
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Hey orbiters.
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Mr.
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John said trade school.
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You probably go to school to learn about math and reading and science and languages.
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Well, people who are adults can go to trade schools where they learn how to do important jobs with their hands, like fixing air conditioners with Mr.
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John, or fixing cars, building houses, working with electricity, or cutting hair.
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Hey Mr.
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John, what are these trade schools like?
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The classes are a mix of classroom learning and hands-on lab work.
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For example, students might learn how a thermostat controls an air conditioner.
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Then in the lab, they wire up a real thermostat, connect switches and relays, and test how the system turns fans and compressors on and off.
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These labs sound like super interesting places to learn and practice.
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Mylam and I are wondering what it's like after you finish school.
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Howdy Hi, I'm Mylam.
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I'm seven years old from Houston, Texas.
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My question is, how do you figure out what's wrong with an air conditioner when it doesn't work?
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Hey orbiters.
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Before we talk about fixing air conditioners, let's make sure we're all imagining the same thing.
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When most people talk about an air conditioner, they're usually talking about a whole system that helps cool a house or building.
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You might see air vents on your walls or ceilings.
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You might see a thermostat that lets you choose the temperature.
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And if you go outside, you might notice a big metal box with a fan in it.
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All of those parts work together to help move heat out of your house.
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And something else that's important, air conditioners aren't toys.
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They use electricity, moving parts, and that superhero chemical we learned about.
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Do you remember its name?
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Refrigerant.
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That's why if something isn't working, families call a trained air conditioning technician for help, like Mr.
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John and the students he trains.
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Now, Mr.
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John, can you help us with Mylam's question?
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How do you figure out what's wrong with an air conditioner?
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Well, Mylam, when an air conditioner stops working, we have to diagnose the problem step by step, kind of like solving a puzzle.
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First we talk to the homeowner to find out what the machine is doing or not doing.
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Then we test different parts of the system to look for the cause.
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Sometimes the problem could be a bad sensor, a loose wire, a low-own refrigerant, or a part that stopped working.
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The more experience you get, the better and faster you become at solving those puzzles.
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Oh.
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With so many things that could be wrong, this does sound like a tricky job.
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Let's go to Sam's question.
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Hi Robert Earth, my name's Sam.
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I'm seven years old.
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I'm from Newfoundland, New Jersey.
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My question is, what kind of skills are important to be successful in your job?
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Thank you.
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Bye.
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Well, Sam, it helps to like working with tools, machines, and solving problems.
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You need to understand basic electricity, safety, and how mechanical systems work.
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You also need patience and good communication skills because you work with customers, teammates, and different kinds of equipment every day.
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And since technology keeps changing, good technicians are always learning new things.
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This is a great moment to pause the episode and talk with a friend or family member.
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Do you enjoy working with machines, solving problems, knowing about electricity, or interacting and being social with others?
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Pause here to talk about your interests and start whenever you're ready.
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Today, I want you to pretend you're a peacock showing its feathers.
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You can do it sitting down or standing up.
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Get creative with it.
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And while we're doing our best peacock impression, let's recap what we've learned.
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Today we learned that air conditioners don't actually make cold air.
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Instead, they move heat from inside your house to outside.
00:17:43.119 --> 00:17:47.920
We learned about a special liquid called refrigerant that acts kind of like a sponge for heat.
00:17:48.079 --> 00:17:54.640
It soaks up heat from the inside of your house, carries it outside, and then releases it so it can go back and do it all over again.
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We also learned that parts like vents, thermostats, fans, coils, and compressors all work together as one big air conditioning system.
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And finally, we learn that air conditioning technicians are expert problem solvers.
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They are trained in trade schools and use science, tools, electricity, and lots of practice to figure out why air conditioners aren't working and how to fix them safely.
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One thing family can do together is pick something in the house like a refrigerator, a thermostat, a freezer, or an air conditioner, and ask, how does this work?
00:18:40.960 --> 00:18:46.480
Then you can go onto YouTube with a parent and watch a video that explains it.
00:18:46.640 --> 00:19:01.920
You can even walk around your house together and look for all the places where heating and cooling systems are used, like vents, thermostats, window units, refrigerators, freezers, ice machines, and fans.
00:19:02.160 --> 00:19:09.200
Once you start looking, you'll notice heating and cooling technology almost everywhere.
00:19:23.680 --> 00:19:38.000
Here are some options: a thermostat that controls the air conditioning system, an air vent on the wall, a window air conditioning unit, a refrigerator in your kitchen, an air vent in your car.
00:19:38.880 --> 00:19:42.480
Or maybe you hear an ice cream truck driving by.
00:19:46.319 --> 00:19:48.640
No, Hank, we can't go get ice cream right now.
00:19:48.799 --> 00:19:50.720
We're not done with the episode yet.
00:19:50.960 --> 00:19:51.680
Hey, Mr.
00:19:51.839 --> 00:19:54.240
John, thanks so much for joining us today on orbit.
00:19:54.559 --> 00:20:05.599
Orbiters, I really hope that you learned something from what we talked about today and that maybe you get interested and can see a future in the HVAC industry.
00:20:08.559 --> 00:20:16.559
Hey parents, our guest today was John Vernon, a heating and air conditioning instructor with Skillpoint Alliance in Midland, Texas.
00:20:16.799 --> 00:20:20.319
Skillpoint Alliance has locations all over the state of Texas.
00:20:20.480 --> 00:20:28.799
You can find information about Skill Point Alliance, including about their skilled trade programs for adults, at skillpointalliance.org.
00:20:33.279 --> 00:20:37.519
And before we wrap up, I bet a few of you are curious about the mystery sound.
00:20:37.599 --> 00:20:38.799
Do you remember it?
00:20:42.079 --> 00:20:43.839
What was your guess?
00:20:47.519 --> 00:20:50.799
If you said it was a tea kettle boiling, you were right.
00:20:50.960 --> 00:20:51.920
Way to go.
00:20:54.480 --> 00:21:02.559
One more thanks to our friends at Level Up Texas and the Texas AM Office for Youth Engagement for making possible this series about cool jobs.
00:21:03.839 --> 00:21:06.319
Orbit is produced by Coombrae Kitts.
00:21:06.480 --> 00:21:08.880
The episode was written by me, Robert Carpenter.
00:21:09.039 --> 00:21:11.039
The producer is Catherine Aguilar.
00:21:11.200 --> 00:21:14.400
Artwork for the episode by Moises Monsalve and Jorge Wick.
00:21:14.640 --> 00:21:16.559
We'll see you in the next episode.
00:21:16.720 --> 00:21:17.359
Ciao!
00:21:18.000 --> 00:21:24.160
The important thing is not to stop questioning Albert Einstein.
00:21:24.559 --> 00:21:25.119
The end
00:00:01.280 --> 00:00:07.839
This episode is produced with Level Up Texas Powdered by Texas A and M.
00:00:13.279 --> 00:00:22.719
Hey parents, this episode continues our series with Level Up Texas and the Texas AM Office for Youth Engagement, exploring STEM careers and the science behind their jobs.
00:00:22.960 --> 00:00:24.879
Okay, let's get started.
00:00:28.399 --> 00:00:34.799
Hank, it's the middle of summer here in Texas, and it is hot outside.
00:00:35.039 --> 00:00:38.479
Woo! It's so hot, I think my shoelaces are melting.
00:00:41.520 --> 00:00:42.880
I think you're right, Hank.
00:00:43.039 --> 00:00:44.159
We need to cool down.
00:00:44.320 --> 00:00:46.560
I wish I could make this room colder.
00:00:46.799 --> 00:00:47.439
I know.
00:00:47.600 --> 00:00:50.320
How about we tape a giant popsicle to the wall?
00:00:50.479 --> 00:00:50.719
Woo!
00:00:50.799 --> 00:00:51.039
Woo!
00:00:51.280 --> 00:00:52.880
Yeah, we'd probably eat it.
00:00:53.039 --> 00:00:54.079
Here's another idea.
00:00:54.399 --> 00:00:56.799
We fill the house with snow.
00:00:58.640 --> 00:00:59.039
Woo!
00:00:59.679 --> 00:01:00.240
Good point.
00:01:00.399 --> 00:01:02.399
I don't actually know where we can get the snow.
00:01:02.640 --> 00:01:05.840
Okay, this is my best idea yet.
00:01:06.079 --> 00:01:08.799
We tape ice cubes to the ceiling fan.
00:01:10.480 --> 00:01:14.480
Yeah, now that I say that out loud, they'd probably slip and fly across the room.
00:01:18.000 --> 00:01:20.480
Ah, there it is.
00:01:20.719 --> 00:01:23.280
The beautiful sound of air conditioning.
00:01:23.359 --> 00:01:26.239
And the air coming from the vent is nice and cool.
00:01:26.719 --> 00:01:27.200
Woo!
00:01:29.760 --> 00:01:33.760
Of course! I know how air conditioners work, Hank.
00:01:34.079 --> 00:01:34.719
You see?
00:01:35.040 --> 00:01:42.959
Inside each air conditioner are two penguins who are making snowballs, and then they have a big snowball fight, and the snowball fight makes the air cooled.
00:01:43.599 --> 00:01:48.640
Okay, I don't actually know how they work, but I want to learn, and so do you orbiters?
00:01:54.159 --> 00:02:03.120
Why does AC give cooler and what is difference between between air cooler and air conditioner?
00:02:03.280 --> 00:02:03.599
Bye!
00:02:04.400 --> 00:02:07.040
How air conditioning was invented.
00:02:07.200 --> 00:02:16.479
Thank you, bye! How has air conditioning changed cities and countries all around the globe?
00:02:16.800 --> 00:02:21.520
Today we're exploring the cool science of air conditioners, and we asked Mr.
00:02:21.680 --> 00:02:22.639
John to help us out.
00:02:22.800 --> 00:02:29.360
Hi orbiters, my name is John Vernon, and I teach heating and cooling at Skill Point Alliance in Midland, Texas.
00:02:29.599 --> 00:02:38.400
Skill Point Alliance is a nonprofit organization that helps people learn skilled trades through free, fast-paced job training.
00:02:38.560 --> 00:02:43.759
I teach students how air conditioners and refrigerators work and how to fix them safely.
00:02:44.000 --> 00:02:46.879
You sound like a real air conditioning expert, Mr.
00:02:47.120 --> 00:02:47.439
John.
00:02:49.039 --> 00:02:51.280
Alright, can you get us rolling, Adwat?
00:02:51.520 --> 00:02:53.360
Hello, my name is Adwat.
00:02:53.840 --> 00:02:55.360
I am seven years old.
00:02:55.520 --> 00:02:57.360
I live in Jammu, India.
00:02:57.520 --> 00:03:07.439
My question is why does AC give cooler and what is the difference between between air cooler and air conditioner?
00:03:07.599 --> 00:03:07.919
Bye.
00:03:08.319 --> 00:03:09.680
Good question, Edwat.
00:03:09.840 --> 00:03:13.759
Air conditioning means treating the air to make people comfortable.
00:03:13.919 --> 00:03:17.759
An air conditioner moves heat from inside your house to outside.
00:03:17.919 --> 00:03:21.199
When the heat leaves the room, the room feels cooler.
00:03:21.520 --> 00:03:23.120
Hi, I'm Lisa.
00:03:23.360 --> 00:03:27.520
I am eight years old and I live in Ecuador.
00:03:27.919 --> 00:03:35.919
And my question is, how do air conditioners make the hot air into cool air?
00:03:36.159 --> 00:03:36.719
Bye.
00:03:37.039 --> 00:03:39.599
Hi Arbeid, my name is Sigrid Mostahan.
00:03:39.759 --> 00:03:40.800
I'm 10 years old.
00:03:40.879 --> 00:03:47.599
I live in Santa Cruz, Bolivia, and my question is how do air conditioners function inside?
00:03:47.759 --> 00:03:49.039
Thank you, bye.
00:03:49.360 --> 00:03:51.199
Great question, Alyssa Negret.
00:03:51.599 --> 00:03:54.080
So air conditioners don't create cold air.
00:03:54.319 --> 00:03:55.199
Wait a second.
00:03:55.360 --> 00:03:56.319
Are you sure, Mr.
00:03:56.479 --> 00:03:56.800
John?
00:03:56.960 --> 00:03:59.759
I'm pretty sure I feel cold air when I turn on the air conditioner.
00:03:59.919 --> 00:04:03.759
If an air conditioner doesn't create cold air, what in the world does it do?
00:04:04.000 --> 00:04:09.840
The way to think about it is an air conditioner takes heat from inside the house and moves it outside.
00:04:10.000 --> 00:04:18.560
The big science concept to understand air conditioners is that heat wants to move from something hot to something cold.
00:04:19.360 --> 00:04:22.000
Wow! Did you know that, orbiters?
00:04:22.319 --> 00:04:25.920
Scientists think of cold as just having less heat.
00:04:26.079 --> 00:04:31.040
So instead of saying something is cold, you could also just say it has less heat than something else.
00:04:31.279 --> 00:04:40.079
Like, instead of ice cream is cold, you could say this super delicious chocolate sprinkle sparkle ice cream is very, very not hot.
00:04:40.959 --> 00:04:43.439
Sorry, Hank, apparently I have ice cream on the mind.
00:04:43.600 --> 00:04:45.839
Alright, John, I was thinking about this.
00:04:46.000 --> 00:04:53.839
When I leave my baseball glove on the floor in the living room and my mom tells me to take it outside, I just pick up the glove and I carry it outside.
00:04:54.959 --> 00:05:00.800
But if I want to take heat and move it outside the house, I don't know how to do that.
00:05:00.959 --> 00:05:04.480
I can't just grab a handful of heat and throw it outside.
00:05:04.639 --> 00:05:06.879
So how does an air conditioner do that?
00:05:08.959 --> 00:05:12.399
It starts with a special chemical called refrigerant.
00:05:12.560 --> 00:05:19.199
The refrigerant travels through pipes back and forth between the inside and outside parts of the air conditioner.
00:05:19.439 --> 00:05:21.519
Okay, there's a new word in there.
00:05:21.839 --> 00:05:22.959
Refrigerant.
00:05:23.519 --> 00:05:24.800
Can you say that with me?
00:05:24.959 --> 00:05:26.160
On the count of three.
00:05:26.319 --> 00:05:28.319
One, two, three.
00:05:28.560 --> 00:05:29.439
Refrigerant.
00:05:29.680 --> 00:05:30.480
Way to go.
00:05:30.720 --> 00:05:34.160
Refrigerant is a liquid with a superpower.
00:05:36.560 --> 00:05:44.879
Refrigerant is really, really, really, really, really, really, really, really good at soaking up heat from the air and carrying it somewhere else.
00:05:45.199 --> 00:05:51.759
Inside your house, the refrigerant gets very cold and moves through small metal pipes called coils.
00:05:51.920 --> 00:05:56.160
A fan blows warm air from the room across these cold coils.
00:05:56.399 --> 00:05:57.279
What does that do, Mr.
00:05:57.439 --> 00:05:57.759
John?
00:05:57.920 --> 00:06:01.839
Remember, heat wants to move from warm things to cooler things.
00:06:02.000 --> 00:06:08.560
So the heat from the warm air moves into the cold coils and into the refrigerant inside of those.
00:06:08.800 --> 00:06:14.639
Once the refrigerant absorbs the heat, it carries that heat outside through the pipes.
00:06:14.959 --> 00:06:18.879
Ah, so the refrigerant is acting like a sponge.
00:06:19.040 --> 00:06:22.000
Hey orbiters, imagine spilling water on your table.
00:06:22.160 --> 00:06:25.040
If you put a sponge on the water, what happens?
00:06:26.000 --> 00:06:26.879
That's right.
00:06:27.199 --> 00:06:29.519
The sponge soaks up the water.
00:06:29.759 --> 00:06:33.120
Well, refrigerant is like a sponge, but for heat.
00:06:33.360 --> 00:06:35.759
So now our heat sponge is full.
00:06:35.920 --> 00:06:37.600
What happens next?
00:06:41.600 --> 00:06:48.560
Well, outside a machine called a compressor squeezes the refrigerant into a hot, high-pressure gas.
00:06:48.720 --> 00:06:56.639
Then a fan blows outdoor air across the outside coils and the heat is released into the air outside.
00:06:56.879 --> 00:06:59.680
So the air conditioner is really moving heat.
00:06:59.920 --> 00:07:01.040
Wait a second.
00:07:01.199 --> 00:07:02.240
Did you hear that?
00:07:02.480 --> 00:07:05.040
The compressor squeezes the refrigerant.
00:07:05.279 --> 00:07:07.680
Remember the sponge you used on the table?
00:07:07.920 --> 00:07:10.720
Well, what happens when you squeeze it?
00:07:11.839 --> 00:07:13.360
All the water comes out.
00:07:13.600 --> 00:07:19.920
When the compressor squeezes the refrigerant, instead of releasing water, it releases heat into the air.
00:07:20.160 --> 00:07:25.839
After the refrigerant gets squeezed by the compressor, the heat gets released outdoors.
00:07:26.000 --> 00:07:36.240
Then the refrigerant is kind of like a dry sponge again, and the air conditioning system can send the refrigerant back inside so it can soak up more heat all over again.
00:07:38.000 --> 00:07:38.720
Hey Mr.
00:07:38.800 --> 00:07:41.199
John, what were the key steps again?
00:07:45.600 --> 00:07:51.199
First, the chemical refrigerant absorbs the heat from the air inside your house.
00:07:51.519 --> 00:07:58.560
Second, the refrigerant carries the heat outside the house, and finally, it releases the heat outside.
00:07:58.720 --> 00:08:00.560
Hey John, one more question.
00:08:00.800 --> 00:08:02.160
What does the fan do?
00:08:02.319 --> 00:08:04.639
Why does an air conditioner blow air around?
00:08:04.879 --> 00:08:13.519
After the fan blows the air across the cold coils, the air has less heat in it, so it feels cooler when it comes back into the room.
00:08:13.759 --> 00:08:16.879
That cool air is what you feel coming out of the vent.
00:08:17.040 --> 00:08:18.000
Isn't that cool, Hank?
00:08:18.800 --> 00:08:19.600
Now I get why Mr.
00:08:19.680 --> 00:08:23.040
John keeps saying that air conditioners don't create cold air.
00:08:23.199 --> 00:08:26.399
They move heat from inside to outside.
00:08:26.639 --> 00:08:31.360
Hey families, this is a great point to pause the episode and talk about this together.
00:08:31.600 --> 00:08:35.360
Can your curious orbiters explain how an air conditioner works?
00:08:35.600 --> 00:08:38.080
Here's a few vocabulary words you might use.
00:08:38.399 --> 00:08:40.480
Heat inside the house.
00:08:40.799 --> 00:08:43.519
Refrigerant acting like a sponge.
00:08:43.840 --> 00:08:46.159
Compressor, the super squeezer.
00:08:46.879 --> 00:08:49.840
Coils that the refrigerant moves through.
00:08:50.159 --> 00:08:52.960
A fan that blows air.
00:08:53.279 --> 00:08:54.559
Okay, your turn.
00:08:54.879 --> 00:08:57.120
Pause here and talk together.
00:08:59.360 --> 00:09:00.960
Ready to continue?
00:09:06.399 --> 00:09:10.240
Hello, my name is Margaret and I'm eight years old.
00:09:10.559 --> 00:09:12.799
I live in North Carolina.
00:09:13.039 --> 00:09:19.519
And my question is when and who made the AC.
00:09:20.159 --> 00:09:21.039
Thank you.
00:09:21.360 --> 00:09:23.600
Hello Orbits, my name is Amita.
00:09:23.759 --> 00:09:24.639
I am eight-year-old.
00:09:25.120 --> 00:09:29.840
I live in Venezuela and I want to know how air conditioning was invented.
00:09:30.000 --> 00:09:30.960
Thank you, bye!
00:09:31.120 --> 00:09:32.639
You know what that means, orbiters?
00:09:32.960 --> 00:09:35.279
Into the Orbiter Time Machine.
00:09:35.840 --> 00:09:40.320
Three, two, one, air.
00:09:50.080 --> 00:09:56.080
Air conditioning was invented in 1902 by an engineer named Willis Carrier.
00:09:56.320 --> 00:09:57.279
Hello, orbiters.
00:09:57.440 --> 00:09:58.720
You can call me Willis.
00:09:58.879 --> 00:10:02.720
I'm an engineer and I'm extremely sweaty in this room.
00:10:02.960 --> 00:10:11.120
He was trying to solve a problem at a printing shop where hot, humid air was causing the paper and ink to stop working correctly.
00:10:11.360 --> 00:10:12.559
Flabber snappers.
00:10:12.720 --> 00:10:13.519
Not again.
00:10:13.679 --> 00:10:15.120
The paper is bending.
00:10:15.279 --> 00:10:16.720
The ink is smearing.
00:10:16.879 --> 00:10:19.840
The newspapers look like melted pancakes.
00:10:20.080 --> 00:10:28.080
So he designed a system that could control both temperature and humidity by moving heat and moisture out of the air.
00:10:28.399 --> 00:10:29.519
Dear Diary.
00:10:29.840 --> 00:10:32.960
The giant popsicles on the wall idea didn't work.
00:10:33.360 --> 00:10:38.399
But what if we take the heat from in here and move it out there?
00:10:38.559 --> 00:10:40.159
Maybe the ink won't melt.
00:10:40.480 --> 00:10:47.039
That invention helped the printing machines work better and it became the beginning of modern air conditioning.
00:10:47.200 --> 00:10:53.759
Today we still use many of the same science ideas and air conditioners around the world.
00:11:05.679 --> 00:11:14.960
My question is, how has air conditioning changed cities and countries all around the globe?
00:11:15.200 --> 00:11:18.720
Well, Luna, air conditioning has changed the whole world.
00:11:18.879 --> 00:11:24.960
It's made it possible for people to live and work more comfortably in very hot places.
00:11:25.200 --> 00:11:35.440
Before air conditioning, some cities were much harder to work in during the summer because the heat and humidity could make people tired and uncomfortable.
00:11:35.679 --> 00:11:43.200
Air conditioning helps schools, hospitals, offices, factories, and homes stay cooler and safer.
00:11:43.679 --> 00:11:49.279
It also helps store food, medicine, and other products without them spoiling.
00:11:49.440 --> 00:11:50.399
I guess you're right.
00:11:50.559 --> 00:11:57.759
Can you imagine if we didn't have air conditioning to keep milk cold or ice cream frozen, they would go bad really fast.
00:11:58.000 --> 00:11:59.279
And that would taste gross.
00:12:04.080 --> 00:12:06.879
Hey orbiters, let's pause here for a mystery sound.
00:12:07.039 --> 00:12:09.919
You could move around and wiggle while you think of what it is.
00:12:18.240 --> 00:12:20.639
Stick around to the end for the answer.
00:12:20.799 --> 00:12:23.279
Okay, let's get back to more questions.
00:12:28.159 --> 00:12:28.960
Hey Mr.
00:12:29.120 --> 00:12:31.519
John, why do you know so much about air conditioners?
00:12:31.679 --> 00:12:34.320
Are there people who are experts in air conditioners?
00:12:34.639 --> 00:12:43.039
An air conditioning technician is someone who diagnoses problems with air conditioners, figures out what's wrong with the system, and fixes it.
00:12:43.279 --> 00:12:44.559
Hi, white biggest.
00:12:44.639 --> 00:12:45.919
My name is Kenji.
00:12:46.080 --> 00:12:47.519
I'm six years old.
00:12:47.679 --> 00:12:56.320
I live in Pasadena, California, and my question is how do people learn to work on air conditioner spice?
00:12:56.720 --> 00:13:03.039
Well, Kenji, most air conditioning technicians start by going to a trade school or a training program.
00:13:03.279 --> 00:13:13.519
These can be as short as five weeks and teach the basics of heating, cooling, electricity, safety, and how the refrigeration cycle works.
00:13:13.759 --> 00:13:19.519
Then they usually start working with experience technicians to get real job experience.
00:13:25.360 --> 00:13:26.559
Hey orbiters.
00:13:26.720 --> 00:13:26.960
Mr.
00:13:27.120 --> 00:13:28.639
John said trade school.
00:13:29.039 --> 00:13:33.600
You probably go to school to learn about math and reading and science and languages.
00:13:33.840 --> 00:13:41.919
Well, people who are adults can go to trade schools where they learn how to do important jobs with their hands, like fixing air conditioners with Mr.
00:13:42.080 --> 00:13:51.519
John, or fixing cars, building houses, working with electricity, or cutting hair.
00:13:53.039 --> 00:13:53.679
Hey Mr.
00:13:53.840 --> 00:13:55.600
John, what are these trade schools like?
00:13:55.759 --> 00:14:00.399
The classes are a mix of classroom learning and hands-on lab work.
00:14:00.639 --> 00:14:05.200
For example, students might learn how a thermostat controls an air conditioner.
00:14:05.279 --> 00:14:14.960
Then in the lab, they wire up a real thermostat, connect switches and relays, and test how the system turns fans and compressors on and off.
00:14:15.120 --> 00:14:18.879
These labs sound like super interesting places to learn and practice.
00:14:19.120 --> 00:14:22.799
Mylam and I are wondering what it's like after you finish school.
00:14:28.240 --> 00:14:30.320
Howdy Hi, I'm Mylam.
00:14:30.399 --> 00:14:32.639
I'm seven years old from Houston, Texas.
00:14:32.879 --> 00:14:37.600
My question is, how do you figure out what's wrong with an air conditioner when it doesn't work?
00:14:37.840 --> 00:14:38.720
Hey orbiters.
00:14:38.879 --> 00:14:43.759
Before we talk about fixing air conditioners, let's make sure we're all imagining the same thing.
00:14:43.919 --> 00:14:49.840
When most people talk about an air conditioner, they're usually talking about a whole system that helps cool a house or building.
00:14:50.080 --> 00:14:53.039
You might see air vents on your walls or ceilings.
00:14:53.279 --> 00:14:56.799
You might see a thermostat that lets you choose the temperature.
00:14:57.039 --> 00:15:01.200
And if you go outside, you might notice a big metal box with a fan in it.
00:15:02.399 --> 00:15:05.919
All of those parts work together to help move heat out of your house.
00:15:06.080 --> 00:15:09.279
And something else that's important, air conditioners aren't toys.
00:15:09.440 --> 00:15:13.759
They use electricity, moving parts, and that superhero chemical we learned about.
00:15:13.840 --> 00:15:15.200
Do you remember its name?
00:15:15.519 --> 00:15:16.639
Refrigerant.
00:15:17.120 --> 00:15:22.720
That's why if something isn't working, families call a trained air conditioning technician for help, like Mr.
00:15:22.879 --> 00:15:24.799
John and the students he trains.
00:15:25.200 --> 00:15:26.000
Now, Mr.
00:15:26.159 --> 00:15:28.399
John, can you help us with Mylam's question?
00:15:28.559 --> 00:15:31.120
How do you figure out what's wrong with an air conditioner?
00:15:31.919 --> 00:15:40.159
Well, Mylam, when an air conditioner stops working, we have to diagnose the problem step by step, kind of like solving a puzzle.
00:15:40.399 --> 00:15:45.279
First we talk to the homeowner to find out what the machine is doing or not doing.
00:15:45.440 --> 00:15:49.200
Then we test different parts of the system to look for the cause.
00:15:49.440 --> 00:15:57.440
Sometimes the problem could be a bad sensor, a loose wire, a low-own refrigerant, or a part that stopped working.
00:15:57.679 --> 00:16:03.039
The more experience you get, the better and faster you become at solving those puzzles.
00:16:03.360 --> 00:16:03.519
Oh.
00:16:05.200 --> 00:16:09.039
With so many things that could be wrong, this does sound like a tricky job.
00:16:09.200 --> 00:16:10.639
Let's go to Sam's question.
00:16:10.879 --> 00:16:13.039
Hi Robert Earth, my name's Sam.
00:16:13.279 --> 00:16:14.559
I'm seven years old.
00:16:14.639 --> 00:16:16.399
I'm from Newfoundland, New Jersey.
00:16:16.559 --> 00:16:22.320
My question is, what kind of skills are important to be successful in your job?
00:16:22.559 --> 00:16:23.200
Thank you.
00:16:23.519 --> 00:16:24.080
Bye.
00:16:24.399 --> 00:16:30.159
Well, Sam, it helps to like working with tools, machines, and solving problems.
00:16:30.320 --> 00:16:36.559
You need to understand basic electricity, safety, and how mechanical systems work.
00:16:36.799 --> 00:16:45.759
You also need patience and good communication skills because you work with customers, teammates, and different kinds of equipment every day.
00:16:46.000 --> 00:16:51.840
And since technology keeps changing, good technicians are always learning new things.
00:16:52.080 --> 00:16:56.159
This is a great moment to pause the episode and talk with a friend or family member.
00:16:56.480 --> 00:17:03.600
Do you enjoy working with machines, solving problems, knowing about electricity, or interacting and being social with others?
00:17:04.000 --> 00:17:07.759
Pause here to talk about your interests and start whenever you're ready.
00:17:18.559 --> 00:17:22.079
Today, I want you to pretend you're a peacock showing its feathers.
00:17:26.000 --> 00:17:28.640
You can do it sitting down or standing up.
00:17:28.799 --> 00:17:30.319
Get creative with it.
00:17:32.400 --> 00:17:36.480
And while we're doing our best peacock impression, let's recap what we've learned.
00:17:36.720 --> 00:17:39.839
Today we learned that air conditioners don't actually make cold air.
00:17:40.000 --> 00:17:42.960
Instead, they move heat from inside your house to outside.
00:17:43.119 --> 00:17:47.920
We learned about a special liquid called refrigerant that acts kind of like a sponge for heat.
00:17:48.079 --> 00:17:54.640
It soaks up heat from the inside of your house, carries it outside, and then releases it so it can go back and do it all over again.
00:17:54.799 --> 00:18:03.839
We also learned that parts like vents, thermostats, fans, coils, and compressors all work together as one big air conditioning system.
00:18:04.079 --> 00:18:08.720
And finally, we learn that air conditioning technicians are expert problem solvers.
00:18:08.880 --> 00:18:19.119
They are trained in trade schools and use science, tools, electricity, and lots of practice to figure out why air conditioners aren't working and how to fix them safely.
00:18:28.880 --> 00:18:40.640
One thing family can do together is pick something in the house like a refrigerator, a thermostat, a freezer, or an air conditioner, and ask, how does this work?
00:18:40.960 --> 00:18:46.480
Then you can go onto YouTube with a parent and watch a video that explains it.
00:18:46.640 --> 00:19:01.920
You can even walk around your house together and look for all the places where heating and cooling systems are used, like vents, thermostats, window units, refrigerators, freezers, ice machines, and fans.
00:19:02.160 --> 00:19:09.200
Once you start looking, you'll notice heating and cooling technology almost everywhere.
00:19:23.680 --> 00:19:38.000
Here are some options: a thermostat that controls the air conditioning system, an air vent on the wall, a window air conditioning unit, a refrigerator in your kitchen, an air vent in your car.
00:19:38.880 --> 00:19:42.480
Or maybe you hear an ice cream truck driving by.
00:19:46.319 --> 00:19:48.640
No, Hank, we can't go get ice cream right now.
00:19:48.799 --> 00:19:50.720
We're not done with the episode yet.
00:19:50.960 --> 00:19:51.680
Hey, Mr.
00:19:51.839 --> 00:19:54.240
John, thanks so much for joining us today on orbit.
00:19:54.559 --> 00:20:05.599
Orbiters, I really hope that you learned something from what we talked about today and that maybe you get interested and can see a future in the HVAC industry.
00:20:08.559 --> 00:20:16.559
Hey parents, our guest today was John Vernon, a heating and air conditioning instructor with Skillpoint Alliance in Midland, Texas.
00:20:16.799 --> 00:20:20.319
Skillpoint Alliance has locations all over the state of Texas.
00:20:20.480 --> 00:20:28.799
You can find information about Skill Point Alliance, including about their skilled trade programs for adults, at skillpointalliance.org.
00:20:33.279 --> 00:20:37.519
And before we wrap up, I bet a few of you are curious about the mystery sound.
00:20:37.599 --> 00:20:38.799
Do you remember it?
00:20:42.079 --> 00:20:43.839
What was your guess?
00:20:47.519 --> 00:20:50.799
If you said it was a tea kettle boiling, you were right.
00:20:50.960 --> 00:20:51.920
Way to go.
00:20:54.480 --> 00:21:02.559
One more thanks to our friends at Level Up Texas and the Texas AM Office for Youth Engagement for making possible this series about cool jobs.
00:21:03.839 --> 00:21:06.319
Orbit is produced by Coombrae Kitts.
00:21:06.480 --> 00:21:08.880
The episode was written by me, Robert Carpenter.
00:21:09.039 --> 00:21:11.039
The producer is Catherine Aguilar.
00:21:11.200 --> 00:21:14.400
Artwork for the episode by Moises Monsalve and Jorge Wick.
00:21:14.640 --> 00:21:16.559
We'll see you in the next episode.
00:21:16.720 --> 00:21:17.359
Ciao!
00:21:18.000 --> 00:21:24.160
The important thing is not to stop questioning Albert Einstein.
00:21:24.559 --> 00:21:25.119
The end
