Ubuntu Security Podcast
Ubuntu Security Podcast
✓

Episode 235

00:17:40
Podcasts
RSS
Link

ABOUT THIS EPISODE

Overview

A recent Microsoft Windows update breaks Linux dual-boot - or does it? This week we look into reports of the recent Windows patch-Tuesday update breaking dual-boot, including a deep-dive into the technical details of Secure Boot, SBAT, grub, shim and more, plus we look at a vulnerability in GNOME Shell and the handling of captive portals as well.

This week in Ubuntu Security Updates

135 unique CVEs addressed

[USN-6960-1] RMagick vulnerability
  • 1 CVEs addressed in Focal (20.04 LTS), Jammy (22.04 LTS)
[USN-6951-2] Linux kernel (Azure) vulnerabilities [USN-6961-1] BusyBox vulnerabilities [USN-6962-1] LibreOffice vulnerability
  • 1 CVEs addressed in Focal (20.04 LTS), Jammy (22.04 LTS), Noble (24.04 LTS)
[USN-6963-1] GNOME Shell vulnerability (01:03)
  • 1 CVEs addressed in Focal (20.04 LTS), Jammy (22.04 LTS), Noble (24.04 LTS)
  • Captive portal detection would spawn an embedded webkit browser automatically to allow user to login etc
  • But the page the user gets directed to is controlled by the attacker and can contain arbitrary javascript etc
  • Upstream bug report claimed could then get a reverse shell etc - not clear this is the case since would still be constrained by the webkitgtk browser so would also need a sandbox escape etc.
  • This update then includes a change to both not automatically open the captive portal page (instead it will show a notification and the user needs to click that) BUT to also disable the use of the webkitgtk-based embedded browser and instead use the users regular browser
[USN-6909-3] Bind vulnerabilities [USN-6964-1] ORC vulnerability
  • 1 CVEs addressed in Focal (20.04 LTS), Jammy (22.04 LTS), Noble (24.04 LTS)
[USN-6837-2] Rack vulnerabilitie [USN-6966-1] Firefox vulnerabilities [USN-6966-2] Firefox regressions [USN-6951-3] Linux kernel (Azure) vulnerabilities [USN-6968-1] PostgreSQL vulnerability
  • 1 CVEs addressed in Focal (20.04 LTS), Jammy (22.04 LTS), Noble (24.04 LTS)
[USN-6967-1] Intel Microcode vulnerabilities [LSN-0106-1] Linux kernel vulnerability [USN-6969-1] Cacti vulnerabilities [USN-6970-1] exfatprogs vulnerability [USN-6944-2] curl vulnerability
  • 1 CVEs addressed in Trusty ESM (14.04 ESM), Xenial ESM (16.04 ESM), Bionic ESM (18.04 ESM)
[USN-6965-1] Vim vulnerabilities Goings on in Ubuntu Security Community Reports of dual-boot Linux/Windows machines failing to boot (04:30)
  • https://arstechnica.com/security/2024/08/a-patch-microsoft-spent-2-years-preparing-is-making-a-mess-for-some-linux-users/
  • https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/advisory/CVE-2022-2601
  • https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/sbat-self-check-failed-mitigating-the-impact-of-shim-15-7-revocation-on-the-ubuntu-boot-process-for-devices-running-windows/47378
  • Microsoft released an update for Windows on 13th August 2024 - revoking old versions of grub that were susceptible to CVE-2022-2601
  • How do you revoke grub?
    • Secure Boot relies on each component in the boot chain verifying that the next component is signed with a valid signature before it is then loaded
      • UEFI BIOS validates shim
      • shim validates grub
      • grub validates kernel
      • kernel validates kernel modules etc
    • UEFI specification has effectively a CRL - list of hashes of binaries which shouldn’t be trusted
    • BUT there is only limited space in the UEFI storage - after the original BootHole vulnerabilities revoked a huge number of grub binaries from many different distros, some devices failed to boot as the NVRAM was too full
    • Microsoft and Red Hat and other maintainers of shim decided on a new scheme, called SBAT - Secure Boot Advanced Targeting
      • maintains a generation number for each component in the boot chain
      • when say shim or grub gets updated to fix a bunch more security vulnerabilities, upstream bumps the generation number
      • shim/grub then embeds the generation number within itself
      • Signed UEFI variable then lists which generation numbers are acceptable
    • shim checks the generation number of a binary (grub/fwupd etc) against this list and if it is too old refuses to load it
  • In Ubuntu this was patched back in Jan 2023 and was documented on the Ubuntu Discourse - in this case we updated shim to a newer version which itself revoked an older grub, grub,1
  • Now Microsoft’s update revokes grub,2, ie sets the minimum generation number for grub to 3
  • You can inspect the SBAT policy by either directly reading the associated EFI variable or using mokutil --list-sbat-revocations
cat /sys/firmware/efi/efivars/SbatLevelRT-605dab50-e046-4300-abb6-3dd810dd8b23 mokutil --list-sbat-revocations
sbat,1,2023012900 shim,2 grub,3 grub.debian,4
objdump -j .sbat -s /boot/efi/EFI/ubuntu/grubx64.efi | xxd -r
sbat,1,SBAT Version,sbat,1,https://github.com/rhboot/shim/blob/main/SBAT.md grub,4,Free Software Foundation,grub,2.12,https://www.gnu.org/software/grub/ grub.ubuntu,2,Ubuntu,grub2,2.12-5ubuntu4,https://www.ubuntu.com/ grub.peimage,2,Canonical,grub2,2.12-5ubuntu4,https://salsa.debian.org/grub-team/grub/-/blob/master/debian/patches/secure-boot/efi-use-peimage-shim.patch
rm -rf grub2-signed mkdir grub2-signed pushd grub2-signed >/dev/null || exit for rel in focal jammy noble; do mkdir $rel pushd $rel >/dev/null || exit pull-lp-debs grub2-signed $rel-security 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null || pull-lp-debs grub2-signed $rel-release 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null dpkg-deb -x grub-efi-amd64-signed*.deb grub2-signed echo $rel echo ----- find . -name grubx64.efi.signed -exec objdump -j .sbat -s {} \; | tail -n +5 | xxd -r popd >/dev/null || exit done popd >/dev/null
focal ----- sbat,1,SBAT Version,sbat,1,https://github.com/rhboot/shim/blob/main/SBAT.md grub,4,Free Software Foundation,grub,2.06,https://www.gnu.org/software/grub/ grub.ubuntu,1,Ubuntu,grub2,2.06-2ubuntu14.4,https://www.ubuntu.com/ jammy ----- sbat,1,SBAT Version,sbat,1,https://github.com/rhboot/shim/blob/main/SBAT.md grub,4,Free Software Foundation,grub,2.06,https://www.gnu.org/software/grub/ grub.ubuntu,1,Ubuntu,grub2,2.06-2ubuntu14.4,https://www.ubuntu.com/ noble ----- sbat,1,SBAT Version,sbat,1,https://github.com/rhboot/shim/blob/main/SBAT.md grub,4,Free Software Foundation,grub,2.12,https://www.gnu.org/software/grub/ grub.ubuntu,2,Ubuntu,grub2,2.12-1ubuntu7,https://www.ubuntu.com/ grub.peimage,2,Canonical,grub2,2.12-1ubuntu7,https://salsa.debian.org/grub-team/grub/-/blob/master/debian/patches/secure-boot/efi-use-peimage-shim.patch
rm -rf shim-signed mkdir shim-signed pushd shim-signed >/dev/null || exit for rel in focal jammy noble; do mkdir $rel pushd $rel >/dev/null || exit pull-lp-debs shim-signed $rel-security 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null || pull-lp-debs shim-signed $rel-release 1>/dev/null 2>/dev/null dpkg-deb -x shim-signed*.deb shim-signed echo $rel echo ----- find . -name shimx64.efi.signed.latest -exec objdump -j .sbat -s {} \; | tail -n +5 | xxd -r popd >/dev/null || exit done popd >/dev/null
focal ----- sbat,1,SBAT Version,sbat,1,https://github.com/rhboot/shim/blob/main/SBAT.md shim,3,UEFI shim,shim,1,https://github.com/rhboot/shim shim.ubuntu,1,Ubuntu,shim,15.7-0ubuntu1,https://www.ubuntu.com/ jammy ----- sbat,1,SBAT Version,sbat,1,https://github.com/rhboot/shim/blob/main/SBAT.md shim,3,UEFI shim,shim,1,https://github.com/rhboot/shim shim.ubuntu,1,Ubuntu,shim,15.7-0ubuntu1,https://www.ubuntu.com/ noble ----- sbat,1,SBAT Version,sbat,1,https://github.com/rhboot/shim/blob/main/SBAT.md shim,4,UEFI shim,shim,1,https://github.com/rhboot/shim shim.ubuntu,1,Ubuntu,shim,15.8-0ubuntu1,https://www.ubuntu.com/

  • only noble has a new-enough shim in the security/release pocket - both focal and jammy have the older one - but the new 4th generation shim is currently undergoing testing in the -proposed pocket and will be released next week

  • until then, if affected, need to disable secure boot in BIOS then can either wait until the new shim is released OR just reboot twice in this mode and shim will automoatically reset the SBAT policy to the previous version, allowing the older shim to still be used

  • then can re-enable Secure Boot in BIOS

  • Once new shim is released it will reinstall the new SBAT policy to revoke its older version

  • One other thing, this also means the old ISOs won’t boot either

    • 24.04.1 will be released on 29th August
    • upcoming 22.04.5 release will also have this new shim too
    • no further ISO spins planned for 20.04 - so if you really want to install this release on new hardware, would need to disable secure boot first, do the install, then install updates to get the new shim, and re-enable secure boot
Get in contact
Technology
English
United States
Use API to fetch this episode in JSON

IN THIS EPISODE

Edit these tags

TRANSCRIPT 🔗

Are you the producer of this podcast? Add a podcast transcript
Need Audio-to-Text? Transcribe with Listen411 in Just 60 Seconds

SEARCH PAST EPISODES

Search past episodes of Ubuntu Security Podcast.
Embed this search bar to your website

OTHER EPISODES IN THIS PODCAST

Episode 231

Episode 231

Overview A look into CISA’s Known Exploited Vulnerability Catalogue is on our minds this week, plus we look at vulnerability updates for gdb, Ansible, CUPS, libheif, Roundcube, the Linux kernel and more. This week in Ubuntu Security Updates 175 unique CVEs addressed [USN-6842-1] gdb vulne…
00:19:00
SHARE
SAVE
Episode 233

Episode 233

Overview This week we take a look at the recent Crowdstrike outage and what we can learn from it compared to the testing and release process for security updates in Ubuntu, plus we cover details of vulnerabilities in poppler, phpCAS, EDK II, Python, OpenJDK and one package with over 300 CVE fixes …
00:24:07
SHARE
SAVE
Episode 232

Episode 232

Overview This week we deep-dive into one of the best vulnerabilities we’ve seen in a long time regreSSHion - an unauthenticated, remote, root code-execution vulnerability in OpenSSH. Plus we cover updates for Plasma Workspace, Ruby, Netplan, FontForge, OpenVPN and a whole lot more. This wee…
00:29:20
SHARE
SAVE
Episode 234

Episode 234

Overview This week we take a deep dive behind-the-scenes look into how the team handled a recent report from Snyk’s Security Lab of a local privilege escalation vulnerability in wpa_supplicant plus we cover security updates in Prometheus Alertmanager, OpenSSL, Exim, snapd, Gross, curl and mo…
00:29:11
SHARE
SAVE
Disclaimer: The podcast and artwork embedded on this page are from Ubuntu Security Team, which is the property of its owner and not affiliated with or endorsed by Listen Notes, Inc.
PROMOTED
We’re selling some of our podcast-related domain names, including breaker.fm, Podcast.mov, and Listen.Host. Place your bid on eBay.
We’re selling some of our podcast-related domain names, including breaker.fm, Podcast.mov, and Listen.Host. Place your bid on eBay.
Bid on eBay

RECOMMENDATIONS
Use API to fetch this episode