WEBVTT
00:00:00.080 --> 00:00:02.560
Heo, friend! This is ProKiss Sala.
00:00:02.879 --> 00:00:07.280
We kutan, often misunderstivinäj ja kompleks kana fotballa.
00:00:07.759 --> 00:00:12.000
A holistic, skiljall andapti journey to betäida humanitele.
00:00:15.039 --> 00:00:16.719
Weska to ProK Sala.
00:00:17.199 --> 00:00:19.760
Belera keta' topikana, kupe word.
00:00:21.120 --> 00:00:28.879
From this episode on, the regular weeklačeni show is a monologue as Gipe Savolainen time no longer allows him to co-host.
00:00:29.039 --> 00:00:31.920
Big thanks to Gipe for everything so far.
00:00:32.079 --> 00:00:38.079
The monthly disk show continues with a changing guest each month from football, science or art.
00:00:38.640 --> 00:00:42.640
Now let's get into today's subject which is resonance.
00:00:42.960 --> 00:00:55.920
Resonance is a phenomenon that occurs when an object or system is subjected to an external force or vibration whose frequency matches a resonant frequency of the system.
00:00:56.240 --> 00:00:59.520
At its simplest resonance is vibration.
00:01:10.400 --> 00:01:12.560
And why are we talking about this thing?
00:01:12.640 --> 00:01:23.599
So we had a guest last week Vicente Racha and he was speaking about resonance and also it's very interesting that it is actually related to football.
00:01:23.920 --> 00:01:27.200
But let's talk more about the resonance as a phenomenon.
00:01:27.359 --> 00:01:29.519
The classic example is a guitar.
00:01:29.760 --> 00:01:43.120
When you pluck a string, the body of the guitar, the resonating chamber starts to vibrate at the same frequency as the string, or at the frequency that is physically lawfully related to it.
00:01:43.280 --> 00:01:48.480
The string drives, the body follows, and both end up vibrating together.
00:01:48.719 --> 00:01:54.400
The important detail for our purposes in football is the second half of that sentence.
00:01:54.719 --> 00:02:03.200
The two systems vibrate either at the same frequency or at frequencies that are physically lawfully related to each other.
00:02:03.439 --> 00:02:17.199
And this is the property that inspired James Gibson, one of the founders of ecological psychology, to borrow the term and use it in a very different domain, the relationship between an organism and its environment.
00:02:17.520 --> 00:02:29.919
In ecological psychology, the central claim is that the human being can couple to information in the environment and through direct perception resonate with that information.
00:02:30.159 --> 00:02:40.000
So according to ecological psychology, a human is a perceptual system that through learning becomes increasingly attuned to the information.
00:02:40.240 --> 00:02:52.800
When the information in the environment is structured, for instance light that has been structured by reflecting of various surfaces, the perceptual system can pick that structure up.
00:02:53.039 --> 00:02:58.240
And Gibson used the term resonance as a near synonym for attunement.
00:02:58.400 --> 00:03:10.639
From that angle, the long process of becoming skillful is essentially the process of learning to resonate more accurately and more reliably with the structured information that is already out there.
00:03:10.879 --> 00:03:13.280
You can picture it like tuning a radio.
00:03:13.439 --> 00:03:16.719
The airwaves around us are full of frequencies.
00:03:16.960 --> 00:03:26.639
When you turn the dial onto the right one, the radio resonates with that signal, and suddenly a coherent station emergent emerges out of the noise.
00:03:26.879 --> 00:03:36.080
Our perceptual system, eyes, ears, skin, vestibular system, the whole sensory motor apparatus works in a comparable way.
00:03:36.319 --> 00:03:51.039
The system tunes itself to particular structures in the energy flows around us and on a football pitch, this is what allows a player to see or feel the game, to pick up the meaningful patterns and act on them.
00:03:51.280 --> 00:04:00.159
For most of the twentieth century, resonance as a concept in the Skipsonian sense was used somewhat loosely, almost as a metaphor.
00:04:00.400 --> 00:04:06.560
That has been changing, mostly thanks to the work of Vicente Raha, our guest in Discussao last week.
00:04:06.800 --> 00:04:13.919
Raja has spent the last maybe decade trying to take the concept seriously and turn it into something we can actually test.
00:04:14.240 --> 00:04:36.959
In his 2018 paper A Theory of Resonance Towards an Ecological Cognitive Architecture, Raha argues that ecological psychology, if it wants to be a complete account of perception, action and cognition, has to say something about the role of the central nervous system and that the most natural way to do this is through a theory of resonance.
00:04:37.279 --> 00:04:40.720
He proposes in this article two building blocks.
00:04:40.959 --> 00:04:52.480
First, a framework, which is based on Anderson's neural reuse, and his claiming that the brain is not a collection of dedicated modules each doing one job.
00:04:52.800 --> 00:04:55.839
That was the traditional idea of brain.
00:04:56.160 --> 00:05:00.639
Most neural structures participate in many different tasks.
00:05:00.879 --> 00:05:06.160
What changes is the pattern of functional connectivity recruited for the task at hand.
00:05:06.399 --> 00:05:11.680
And interestingly, Gibson actually himself had hinted at something similar.
00:05:11.920 --> 00:05:18.319
He speculated that a given set of neurons is equipotential for various functions.
00:05:18.560 --> 00:05:34.800
Secondly, Raha argues for a methodology, which would be multiscale fractal dynamical systems theory, shortly a way of describing brain body environment systems as one coupled dynamical system at multiple scales of analysis.
00:05:35.040 --> 00:05:44.160
And in the 2020 follow-up Resonance and Radical Embodiment, Racha sharpens this into a unifying claim.
00:05:44.399 --> 00:05:56.800
Resonance lets us integrate the neural scale and the behavioral scale of cognitive phenomena without falling back on the old computational or representationalist story.
00:05:57.040 --> 00:06:02.639
For him, the neural scale and the behavioral scale are not rivals and they are not separate.
00:06:02.879 --> 00:06:14.959
The neural scale is nested within the behavioral scale, and if you describe the same cognitive phenomenon at both scales, the two descriptions do not contradict each other.
00:06:15.199 --> 00:06:18.560
They reveal different facets of the same coupled system.
00:06:18.800 --> 00:06:23.199
This is the same multiscale logic we use whenever we look at a complex system.
00:06:23.360 --> 00:06:32.240
We can analyze a football match at the level of a team or at the level of an individual player or at the level of a single coordinated action.
00:06:32.480 --> 00:06:40.000
Choosing one scale doesn't abolish the others, it just brings a different aspect of the system into focus.
00:06:40.319 --> 00:06:49.279
Very interestingly, until recently, this was almost entirely a theoretical proposal, but that has now started to change.
00:06:49.600 --> 00:06:57.040
In 2025, Raha and Krahman published Ecological Resonance is reflected in human brain activity.
00:06:57.360 --> 00:07:03.680
They set up an object interception task in virtual reality and used mobile brain body imaging.
00:07:03.839 --> 00:07:22.079
Essentially, they recorded brain activity while people moved naturally to intercept incoming objects, and the aim was to test two core hypotheses of radical embodied cognitive neuroscience: the ecological resonance hypothesis and the information-based control laws hypothesis.
00:07:22.319 --> 00:07:27.920
The ecological variable they focused on is tau or time to contact.
00:07:28.240 --> 00:07:38.079
Tau is a perceptual quantity that specifies directly from the optic flow how long it will take for an approaching object to reach the perceiver.
00:07:38.319 --> 00:07:42.319
It is exactly the kind of key information Gibson was talking about.
00:07:42.639 --> 00:07:48.319
You don't need to compute it from internal models, the information is there in the structured light.
00:07:48.560 --> 00:07:58.959
They found ecological resonance to Tau at the level of neural activity, the brain signal tracked the Tau structure of the incoming simulation.
00:07:59.199 --> 00:08:06.399
Additionally, Tau coupling, so between the stimulation, the participant's behavior, and the neural activity.
00:08:06.720 --> 00:08:11.839
Tau coupling between the stimulation, the participant's behavior, and the neural activity.
00:08:12.079 --> 00:08:18.560
In other words, the same lawful pattern was detectable across all three scales at once.
00:08:18.800 --> 00:08:22.160
This is the empirical picture the theory has been waiting for.
00:08:22.639 --> 00:08:32.399
It's one coherent system, environment, body, brain, coupled through ecological information with no need to postulate internal models as central controllers.
00:08:32.720 --> 00:08:37.360
For us in football, the symbolic value is actually important.
00:08:37.840 --> 00:08:44.720
When we say a player is tuned in to the game, that's no longer just a coaching metaphor.
00:08:45.039 --> 00:08:52.159
There are now data showing that the brain itself resonates with the same lawful information that constrains movement.
00:08:52.480 --> 00:08:54.960
And we can have a case example of this.
00:08:55.200 --> 00:08:56.399
Huben Diaz.
00:08:56.559 --> 00:09:00.559
What's so striking about him is the precision of his positioning.
00:09:00.720 --> 00:09:07.279
So when the ball moves, he is very precisely moving with the ball and of course with the opponent and the whole situation.
00:09:07.360 --> 00:09:10.000
He's very attuned to the situation.
00:09:10.240 --> 00:09:16.000
In the framework we are building today, what's going on is this, maybe like this.
00:09:16.320 --> 00:09:24.159
Diaz is exceptionally well attuned to the environment of the match, to his teammates, to the opponents, to the ball, etc.
00:09:24.559 --> 00:09:40.639
From very small changes in the environment, for example the ball traveling 5 meters during a single pass, a slight shift in a striker's body orientation, he extracts information that allows him to act with great preciseness, skillfulness.
00:09:40.879 --> 00:09:47.679
He doesn't run more than necessary, he resonates with the meaningful information and his body responds accordingly.
00:09:47.919 --> 00:10:00.639
If you imagine a ball flying towards his head and you track his head movement against the ball movement, you would almost certainly find a tau coupling pattern of the kind Raha and colleagues measured in the lab.
00:10:01.120 --> 00:10:07.279
Two trajectories, the ball, balls and the heads, running in lawful correspondence.
00:10:07.440 --> 00:10:14.559
And you plot them and you get something close to what anthropologist Tim Ingold describes when he is drawing his lines.
00:10:14.720 --> 00:10:19.279
So Ingold is talking about lines related to the living phenomenon.
00:10:19.519 --> 00:10:24.799
The players' line, the balls line, the teammates' line, all becoming parallel for a moment.
00:10:25.120 --> 00:10:26.080
Correspondence.
00:10:26.320 --> 00:10:30.399
Ingold's lines, Gibson's resonance, Racha's tau coupling.
00:10:30.720 --> 00:10:33.519
These are different ways of describing the same thing.
00:10:33.759 --> 00:10:38.879
An organism and its environment as a single mutually responsive system.
00:10:39.200 --> 00:10:43.919
We have been talking about correspondence about this in the earlier episode.
00:10:44.240 --> 00:10:51.279
And I'm increasingly convinced that this correspondence is a good work because it captured what is actually going on.
00:10:51.600 --> 00:10:53.759
The player corresponds with the game.
00:10:54.000 --> 00:10:56.879
The game and the player co-vary, coact.
00:10:57.440 --> 00:11:08.000
Maybe interesting in this moment is that what of what about if a skillful player resonates with the game, what does it look like when a player does not?
00:11:08.399 --> 00:11:17.840
At the behavioral scale, the scale most of us as coaches and analysts work at, non-correspondence is surprisingly easy to spot.
00:11:18.080 --> 00:11:21.519
A player who is not tuned to the game stands out.
00:11:21.759 --> 00:11:23.360
They look out of place.
00:11:23.600 --> 00:11:25.200
They don't belong to the game.
00:11:25.519 --> 00:11:35.120
They arrive a bit too late or a step in the wrong direction, they make decisions that are reasonable in the abstract but wrong for this moment.
00:11:35.679 --> 00:11:43.440
Interestingly, some of the very best players are hard to analyze precisely because they correspond so well with the environment.
00:11:43.600 --> 00:11:50.559
They blend into the flow of the game, and when you watch them, you might ask yourself, what exactly did they do?
00:11:50.879 --> 00:11:54.799
Because maybe sometimes nothing they did stuck out.
00:11:55.120 --> 00:12:00.080
That is one sign of high attunement, maybe not low contribution.
00:12:00.480 --> 00:12:09.840
If we take all of this seriously, the practical consequence is one we keep coming back to on this podcast, which is representative learning design.
00:12:10.080 --> 00:12:16.320
So the training environment has to contain the same key information that the competitive environment contains.
00:12:16.559 --> 00:12:20.799
Not just the visual information but the auditory and haptic information too.
00:12:21.039 --> 00:12:28.639
Over the past few years we have seen a clear shift in this direction at the elite level and increasingly at the youth level too.
00:12:28.960 --> 00:12:38.000
Sessions are being designed not just as a technical drills, but more as full ecological environments.
00:12:38.240 --> 00:12:46.559
In summary, resonance in Gibson's broad sense is the attunement of the perceptual system to structured information.
00:12:46.799 --> 00:13:01.120
Vicente Raja has turned that intuition into a serious theoretical and now also empirical research program, neural and behavioral scales nested in one coupled system with tau coupling as a measurable case in point.
00:13:01.440 --> 00:13:18.799
In football, this gives us a more honest description of what we mean when we say a great player is in tune with the game, and it gives practice design a clear direction, a clear North Star, and it gives pra practice design a clear direction also.
00:13:19.039 --> 00:13:22.080
Build environments that carry the right information.
00:13:26.320 --> 00:13:27.120
See you next time.
00:00:00.080 --> 00:00:02.560
Heo, friend! This is ProKiss Sala.
00:00:02.879 --> 00:00:07.280
We kutan, often misunderstivinäj ja kompleks kana fotballa.
00:00:07.759 --> 00:00:12.000
A holistic, skiljall andapti journey to betäida humanitele.
00:00:15.039 --> 00:00:16.719
Weska to ProK Sala.
00:00:17.199 --> 00:00:19.760
Belera keta' topikana, kupe word.
00:00:21.120 --> 00:00:28.879
From this episode on, the regular weeklačeni show is a monologue as Gipe Savolainen time no longer allows him to co-host.
00:00:29.039 --> 00:00:31.920
Big thanks to Gipe for everything so far.
00:00:32.079 --> 00:00:38.079
The monthly disk show continues with a changing guest each month from football, science or art.
00:00:38.640 --> 00:00:42.640
Now let's get into today's subject which is resonance.
00:00:42.960 --> 00:00:55.920
Resonance is a phenomenon that occurs when an object or system is subjected to an external force or vibration whose frequency matches a resonant frequency of the system.
00:00:56.240 --> 00:00:59.520
At its simplest resonance is vibration.
00:01:10.400 --> 00:01:12.560
And why are we talking about this thing?
00:01:12.640 --> 00:01:23.599
So we had a guest last week Vicente Racha and he was speaking about resonance and also it's very interesting that it is actually related to football.
00:01:23.920 --> 00:01:27.200
But let's talk more about the resonance as a phenomenon.
00:01:27.359 --> 00:01:29.519
The classic example is a guitar.
00:01:29.760 --> 00:01:43.120
When you pluck a string, the body of the guitar, the resonating chamber starts to vibrate at the same frequency as the string, or at the frequency that is physically lawfully related to it.
00:01:43.280 --> 00:01:48.480
The string drives, the body follows, and both end up vibrating together.
00:01:48.719 --> 00:01:54.400
The important detail for our purposes in football is the second half of that sentence.
00:01:54.719 --> 00:02:03.200
The two systems vibrate either at the same frequency or at frequencies that are physically lawfully related to each other.
00:02:03.439 --> 00:02:17.199
And this is the property that inspired James Gibson, one of the founders of ecological psychology, to borrow the term and use it in a very different domain, the relationship between an organism and its environment.
00:02:17.520 --> 00:02:29.919
In ecological psychology, the central claim is that the human being can couple to information in the environment and through direct perception resonate with that information.
00:02:30.159 --> 00:02:40.000
So according to ecological psychology, a human is a perceptual system that through learning becomes increasingly attuned to the information.
00:02:40.240 --> 00:02:52.800
When the information in the environment is structured, for instance light that has been structured by reflecting of various surfaces, the perceptual system can pick that structure up.
00:02:53.039 --> 00:02:58.240
And Gibson used the term resonance as a near synonym for attunement.
00:02:58.400 --> 00:03:10.639
From that angle, the long process of becoming skillful is essentially the process of learning to resonate more accurately and more reliably with the structured information that is already out there.
00:03:10.879 --> 00:03:13.280
You can picture it like tuning a radio.
00:03:13.439 --> 00:03:16.719
The airwaves around us are full of frequencies.
00:03:16.960 --> 00:03:26.639
When you turn the dial onto the right one, the radio resonates with that signal, and suddenly a coherent station emergent emerges out of the noise.
00:03:26.879 --> 00:03:36.080
Our perceptual system, eyes, ears, skin, vestibular system, the whole sensory motor apparatus works in a comparable way.
00:03:36.319 --> 00:03:51.039
The system tunes itself to particular structures in the energy flows around us and on a football pitch, this is what allows a player to see or feel the game, to pick up the meaningful patterns and act on them.
00:03:51.280 --> 00:04:00.159
For most of the twentieth century, resonance as a concept in the Skipsonian sense was used somewhat loosely, almost as a metaphor.
00:04:00.400 --> 00:04:06.560
That has been changing, mostly thanks to the work of Vicente Raha, our guest in Discussao last week.
00:04:06.800 --> 00:04:13.919
Raja has spent the last maybe decade trying to take the concept seriously and turn it into something we can actually test.
00:04:14.240 --> 00:04:36.959
In his 2018 paper A Theory of Resonance Towards an Ecological Cognitive Architecture, Raha argues that ecological psychology, if it wants to be a complete account of perception, action and cognition, has to say something about the role of the central nervous system and that the most natural way to do this is through a theory of resonance.
00:04:37.279 --> 00:04:40.720
He proposes in this article two building blocks.
00:04:40.959 --> 00:04:52.480
First, a framework, which is based on Anderson's neural reuse, and his claiming that the brain is not a collection of dedicated modules each doing one job.
00:04:52.800 --> 00:04:55.839
That was the traditional idea of brain.
00:04:56.160 --> 00:05:00.639
Most neural structures participate in many different tasks.
00:05:00.879 --> 00:05:06.160
What changes is the pattern of functional connectivity recruited for the task at hand.
00:05:06.399 --> 00:05:11.680
And interestingly, Gibson actually himself had hinted at something similar.
00:05:11.920 --> 00:05:18.319
He speculated that a given set of neurons is equipotential for various functions.
00:05:18.560 --> 00:05:34.800
Secondly, Raha argues for a methodology, which would be multiscale fractal dynamical systems theory, shortly a way of describing brain body environment systems as one coupled dynamical system at multiple scales of analysis.
00:05:35.040 --> 00:05:44.160
And in the 2020 follow-up Resonance and Radical Embodiment, Racha sharpens this into a unifying claim.
00:05:44.399 --> 00:05:56.800
Resonance lets us integrate the neural scale and the behavioral scale of cognitive phenomena without falling back on the old computational or representationalist story.
00:05:57.040 --> 00:06:02.639
For him, the neural scale and the behavioral scale are not rivals and they are not separate.
00:06:02.879 --> 00:06:14.959
The neural scale is nested within the behavioral scale, and if you describe the same cognitive phenomenon at both scales, the two descriptions do not contradict each other.
00:06:15.199 --> 00:06:18.560
They reveal different facets of the same coupled system.
00:06:18.800 --> 00:06:23.199
This is the same multiscale logic we use whenever we look at a complex system.
00:06:23.360 --> 00:06:32.240
We can analyze a football match at the level of a team or at the level of an individual player or at the level of a single coordinated action.
00:06:32.480 --> 00:06:40.000
Choosing one scale doesn't abolish the others, it just brings a different aspect of the system into focus.
00:06:40.319 --> 00:06:49.279
Very interestingly, until recently, this was almost entirely a theoretical proposal, but that has now started to change.
00:06:49.600 --> 00:06:57.040
In 2025, Raha and Krahman published Ecological Resonance is reflected in human brain activity.
00:06:57.360 --> 00:07:03.680
They set up an object interception task in virtual reality and used mobile brain body imaging.
00:07:03.839 --> 00:07:22.079
Essentially, they recorded brain activity while people moved naturally to intercept incoming objects, and the aim was to test two core hypotheses of radical embodied cognitive neuroscience: the ecological resonance hypothesis and the information-based control laws hypothesis.
00:07:22.319 --> 00:07:27.920
The ecological variable they focused on is tau or time to contact.
00:07:28.240 --> 00:07:38.079
Tau is a perceptual quantity that specifies directly from the optic flow how long it will take for an approaching object to reach the perceiver.
00:07:38.319 --> 00:07:42.319
It is exactly the kind of key information Gibson was talking about.
00:07:42.639 --> 00:07:48.319
You don't need to compute it from internal models, the information is there in the structured light.
00:07:48.560 --> 00:07:58.959
They found ecological resonance to Tau at the level of neural activity, the brain signal tracked the Tau structure of the incoming simulation.
00:07:59.199 --> 00:08:06.399
Additionally, Tau coupling, so between the stimulation, the participant's behavior, and the neural activity.
00:08:06.720 --> 00:08:11.839
Tau coupling between the stimulation, the participant's behavior, and the neural activity.
00:08:12.079 --> 00:08:18.560
In other words, the same lawful pattern was detectable across all three scales at once.
00:08:18.800 --> 00:08:22.160
This is the empirical picture the theory has been waiting for.
00:08:22.639 --> 00:08:32.399
It's one coherent system, environment, body, brain, coupled through ecological information with no need to postulate internal models as central controllers.
00:08:32.720 --> 00:08:37.360
For us in football, the symbolic value is actually important.
00:08:37.840 --> 00:08:44.720
When we say a player is tuned in to the game, that's no longer just a coaching metaphor.
00:08:45.039 --> 00:08:52.159
There are now data showing that the brain itself resonates with the same lawful information that constrains movement.
00:08:52.480 --> 00:08:54.960
And we can have a case example of this.
00:08:55.200 --> 00:08:56.399
Huben Diaz.
00:08:56.559 --> 00:09:00.559
What's so striking about him is the precision of his positioning.
00:09:00.720 --> 00:09:07.279
So when the ball moves, he is very precisely moving with the ball and of course with the opponent and the whole situation.
00:09:07.360 --> 00:09:10.000
He's very attuned to the situation.
00:09:10.240 --> 00:09:16.000
In the framework we are building today, what's going on is this, maybe like this.
00:09:16.320 --> 00:09:24.159
Diaz is exceptionally well attuned to the environment of the match, to his teammates, to the opponents, to the ball, etc.
00:09:24.559 --> 00:09:40.639
From very small changes in the environment, for example the ball traveling 5 meters during a single pass, a slight shift in a striker's body orientation, he extracts information that allows him to act with great preciseness, skillfulness.
00:09:40.879 --> 00:09:47.679
He doesn't run more than necessary, he resonates with the meaningful information and his body responds accordingly.
00:09:47.919 --> 00:10:00.639
If you imagine a ball flying towards his head and you track his head movement against the ball movement, you would almost certainly find a tau coupling pattern of the kind Raha and colleagues measured in the lab.
00:10:01.120 --> 00:10:07.279
Two trajectories, the ball, balls and the heads, running in lawful correspondence.
00:10:07.440 --> 00:10:14.559
And you plot them and you get something close to what anthropologist Tim Ingold describes when he is drawing his lines.
00:10:14.720 --> 00:10:19.279
So Ingold is talking about lines related to the living phenomenon.
00:10:19.519 --> 00:10:24.799
The players' line, the balls line, the teammates' line, all becoming parallel for a moment.
00:10:25.120 --> 00:10:26.080
Correspondence.
00:10:26.320 --> 00:10:30.399
Ingold's lines, Gibson's resonance, Racha's tau coupling.
00:10:30.720 --> 00:10:33.519
These are different ways of describing the same thing.
00:10:33.759 --> 00:10:38.879
An organism and its environment as a single mutually responsive system.
00:10:39.200 --> 00:10:43.919
We have been talking about correspondence about this in the earlier episode.
00:10:44.240 --> 00:10:51.279
And I'm increasingly convinced that this correspondence is a good work because it captured what is actually going on.
00:10:51.600 --> 00:10:53.759
The player corresponds with the game.
00:10:54.000 --> 00:10:56.879
The game and the player co-vary, coact.
00:10:57.440 --> 00:11:08.000
Maybe interesting in this moment is that what of what about if a skillful player resonates with the game, what does it look like when a player does not?
00:11:08.399 --> 00:11:17.840
At the behavioral scale, the scale most of us as coaches and analysts work at, non-correspondence is surprisingly easy to spot.
00:11:18.080 --> 00:11:21.519
A player who is not tuned to the game stands out.
00:11:21.759 --> 00:11:23.360
They look out of place.
00:11:23.600 --> 00:11:25.200
They don't belong to the game.
00:11:25.519 --> 00:11:35.120
They arrive a bit too late or a step in the wrong direction, they make decisions that are reasonable in the abstract but wrong for this moment.
00:11:35.679 --> 00:11:43.440
Interestingly, some of the very best players are hard to analyze precisely because they correspond so well with the environment.
00:11:43.600 --> 00:11:50.559
They blend into the flow of the game, and when you watch them, you might ask yourself, what exactly did they do?
00:11:50.879 --> 00:11:54.799
Because maybe sometimes nothing they did stuck out.
00:11:55.120 --> 00:12:00.080
That is one sign of high attunement, maybe not low contribution.
00:12:00.480 --> 00:12:09.840
If we take all of this seriously, the practical consequence is one we keep coming back to on this podcast, which is representative learning design.
00:12:10.080 --> 00:12:16.320
So the training environment has to contain the same key information that the competitive environment contains.
00:12:16.559 --> 00:12:20.799
Not just the visual information but the auditory and haptic information too.
00:12:21.039 --> 00:12:28.639
Over the past few years we have seen a clear shift in this direction at the elite level and increasingly at the youth level too.
00:12:28.960 --> 00:12:38.000
Sessions are being designed not just as a technical drills, but more as full ecological environments.
00:12:38.240 --> 00:12:46.559
In summary, resonance in Gibson's broad sense is the attunement of the perceptual system to structured information.
00:12:46.799 --> 00:13:01.120
Vicente Raja has turned that intuition into a serious theoretical and now also empirical research program, neural and behavioral scales nested in one coupled system with tau coupling as a measurable case in point.
00:13:01.440 --> 00:13:18.799
In football, this gives us a more honest description of what we mean when we say a great player is in tune with the game, and it gives practice design a clear direction, a clear North Star, and it gives pra practice design a clear direction also.
00:13:19.039 --> 00:13:22.080
Build environments that carry the right information.
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See you next time.
