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Well, good day.
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Move more, learn more community.
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We are really fortunate to be interacting with Dr.
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Steven Charlos in Hungary this morning.
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She is a researcher, a scientist, and a program developer in embodied cognition.
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And we welcome you here today, Dr.
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Stephen Charlos.
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We're so happy to talk with you.
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Thank you.
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Coming here.
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I want first, uh many of our audience will not know that you know we don't know a lot about the European work.
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We're really just beginning to embrace it about the last 10 years.
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So tell us a little bit about your work, your career, and your program.
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So I was a teacher.
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I am a teacher as well now, but I was a teacher in a primary school, in high school, and I am a teacher at a university currently.
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But my main profession is a researcher, not teacher.
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I am teaching, but not in a high number of lessons.
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But I have some PhD students now.
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And so I started my life like a physical education, adapted physical education teacher and biology teacher.
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And uh my experience was that children who have a good uh skill in movement can achieve their cognitive uh lessons much better than somebody doesn't or couldn't move so properly so well.
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So I was a teacher in high school and elementary school approximately 30 for 30 years, and after that I left it.
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Uh it has lots of reasons, but it it is not applied on this uh podcast.
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So first I uh completed so many courses which um were more sophisticated to prove children's movement uh to help them to achieve much better in the school.
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And um it is not just about their knowledge, it is about their behavior and so many problems, for example, bed-betting and facal retention, or ADHD, or sometimes uh outspectrum disorder.
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So they have lots of problems, and I try to help them with uh moving exercises.
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And I in my life there was a period when I led a private school, and uh it was compulsory, but uh all of the children enjoyed this really much the morning movement, special exercises, because at that time I completed some courses in Hungary and in abroad as well, which was about these primitive reflexes, which became my topic.
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My uh so my interest is in this area around the primitive reflexes, and we had really, really good results.
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So their behavior were much better after doing this exercise regularly.
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I would like to emphasize regularly.
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So we did it from day to day, but in a group, so not uh individually in a group, and um they felt themselves much better, so they enjoyed their life, they didn't complain for everything, they were much uh patient, so it was uh really, really good.
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But after that, some rules in Hungary uh changed, and uh at that time uh I started to make some research project in this area, and uh I decided I will write my PhD thesis uh from the primitive reflexes and sensomotory development.
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And more than almost uh 800 children were involved between five and seven years and in this project, and there was a control group, and uh some of them did some certain exercises, some of them didn't do.
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And uh we compared the sensor motor development and their attention and their visual skills and auditive skills, and uh we found if somebody could do the exercises, certain exercises from day to day, they could develop a lot, and in so many areas.
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And after that, I they funded my PhD and I became a teacher at the university.
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And my real researcher career started at the time because uh the university provided some device, not just uh across my experience.
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We had some uh results.
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We know we can measure activity of the brain, this uh Nerex device, and later maybe I will explain what is it.
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So we can see at that time when they are doing certain exercises, what is happening in their cortex in the brain, and uh which area is affected with certain exercises.
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For example, this morning I uh tested, we tested senior citizens because these primitive reflexes could come back in our life.
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I will explain uh why, and we could help uh people to, I wouldn't say because we are at the beginning of this research project, but we try to save them to get dementia or Alzheimer's disease with these certain exercises.
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And we just finished this uh data collection now, so later maybe I can tell more about this project.
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So, my first population was uh were children, so not senior citizens, just because I read lots of research papers, this budget me a little bit towards not just to the children, to adults and to senior citizens as well.
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So, my goal is to help children with motor exercises, sensory and motory exercises, because I think there isn't any skills, any tools which can prove better than the motor exercises, the children's brain and not the children, not just the children's brain, everybody's brain.
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Because if we are thinking about children who just was born, uh they don't do anything else, just moving.
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And if we reach this point, I would like to tell you some sentences about the primitive reflexes.
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Yes, these reflexes are automatically responses of the brainstem, so not the cortex, they're centers in the brainstem.
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For example, if a stimulation comes from the environment, for example, a baby touches something, the palm will grasp, and this is the grasping reflex.
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And if a baby will turn his or her head right side, the right hand will uh stretch and the bend, uh the left hand will bend, bend, and uh, this is automatical uh responses.
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And um, in a certain time, after birth, in one year, some researchers said uh after three years, these reflexes will be inhibited by the cortex because there will be a wave from the brainstem across the upper places of the brain, but they will reach the cortex.
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It is really important the movement will improve from cell to cell line, a network to reach the cortex.
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And these movements will stimulate the cells of the cortex, which can produce GABA, gamma aminobutric acid, which is the main inhibitor in our nervous system.
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So this inhibitor from cell to cell will go back to the center of the brainstem, uh centers of the spine, and inhibit the interneuron, for example, in the spine.
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And this reflex won't be inhibited anymore in a normal case.
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But if a child has some problem, for example, lack of oxygen during the process of the birth or any problem with a mother and with a child, for example, the caesarean section is not so good for children.
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Unfortunately, sometimes, of course, it needs, but not uh in any case, every case.
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And the child can't move so many times and properly, because this reflex pattern has a special movement, and they have to produce many, many times when they are really small.
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And these automatic movements will develop the brain.
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And we use these types of movements to make a line, make a way to reach the cortex to emerge the cells to produce GABA, gamma aminobutic acid, and when this neurotransmitter will appear, they can inhibit, it can inhibit the certain reflex.
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And there is a more efficient way when we do exercises against the primitive reflex.
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For example, if we are talking about the grasping, uh the grasp is the special movement of the grasping reflex, but let something and open the palm, it is against the primitive reflex, and it is this movement is more efficient.
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And all of the primitive reflexes that we are speaking about, by the way, there are lots, 70 or 100, I don't know exactly, but we validated and standardized the test, and it has uh 18 primitive reflexes, and uh we know which kind of exercises can inhibit these primitive reflexes.
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Many times when I make a test with a child who has some problem, for example, sensory process disorder, I find that he's about um, I don't know, six years old, and he has 15 primitive reflexes, and it is not normal.
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If somebody moves enough and does the movements of the primitive reflexes properly, it wouldn't be possible.
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So I think that is a main problem that children don't move enough, and not just in their early childhood, later as well.
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So movement is really important for our brain because this is the first way to improve our brain, and after that, we can build lots of things on top of that.
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Cognitive skills and creativity and so on.
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But the first step is really important because without that, there won't be anything which can hoard the whole life.
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And what fascinates me, I work with a lot of OTs, you know, I work in intensive dyslexia treatment program, right?
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And I'm the brain person, and then we have three or four OTs, we've got speech language.
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And what fascinates me is that in psychology, nobody learns anything about this.
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I've been learning for about the past 10 years.
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Well, you know, I have my I have my master's in physical education as well.
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So there was a little bit of a beginning of understanding of this.
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But what's fascinating to me is that I get all of these five to nine-year-old boys who are either one being counseled out of school because they have impulsivity and they have lots of need to touch others, et cetera, et cetera, or they're being counseled to be retained for a year.
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Okay.
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So we look at what I call the developmental pillars, always sensory motors first, then language, cognition, social, relational.
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And then I plot that data, Doctor.
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And what's fascinating is that I would say 80% of the time, these high-need, adorable, appealing kids have some skills above the 80th percentile and a lot of motor skills beneath the 25th percentile.
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And so we label them ADHD, which you know, they may not meet criteria, ADHD, ASD, all these different things.
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And nobody in psychology knows to make a referral to look at the primitive reflexes.
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So my question to you, okay, no, you comment on that.
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I can see that you want to comment on that.
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No, no, yes, that continue, please, and that after the idea of Well, I mean, it totally so important to me that like I'm working with OTs to actually develop right now.
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It's an assessment of sorts.
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So I'll talk with you about your assessment offline.
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My question is what's the relationship between the retained primitive reflexes and these diagnostic categories, specifically in children under about 11?
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Dyslexia, ADHD, autism, what's the relationship?
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So I would like to start a really important thing, which would be really useful if, for example, psychologists and paediatricians and the people who deal with these problems would know about a little bit more.
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That these primitive reflexes have, I think, four main important things which depends on them.
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The first is eating, and because, for example, the sucking reflex, the rooting reflex, and the snowing reflex will help baby to eat.
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And uh, this eating, so sucking properly from the breast, will help them to speech because those muscles will improve, which we are using for when we are speaking.
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And this is one part.
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And but but there are some reflexes, the grasping reflex, palmer and plantar as well, which has really strong connection to, for example, the grasping reflex.
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Between the grasping reflex and the sucking reflex, there is a neural connection.
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Its name is Bobkin reaction, after Dr.
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Babkin, who wrote down the first time.
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And for example, if a baby can't uh eat properly, can't suck properly from the mother's uh breast, and we stimulate their palm, their soil, after some time, not for a long time, after some day, they will be able to suck.
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And for example, if somebody has a problem with speech, this is one of the main problems: the sucking reflex, grasping reflex retained.
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So this is one part.
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The second part is uh all of the sensory process.
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If we are speaking about the vision, hearing, and vestibular sensation, and so on, there are some primitive reflexes.
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And uh if we maybe we will understand better if we are if I am speaking about the third, which is the postural settings of the body, because there are at least four or five primitive reflexes which will be able to help us to control the body, control the muscles, all of our muscles, and not just uh the muscles of our extremities, length, legs and and arms, muscles of our eyes, muscles of our ear.
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And if somebody doesn't have this skill, they won't be able to hear properly.
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Their hearing organ is completely well, but they can't uh the function is it doesn't work.
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Because it is really important thing when we were born, the in the inner ear, the semicircular canals are not completely developed.
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Approximately 70% the development rate, and and uh if the baby will be able to lift her or his head uh up from the small bed, and when they are on their belly, they can lift up back and they can turn their head and they can move in this direction because of the crawling, for example, the semicircular canals will uh get so many stimulations, and it will uh this inner ear will be matured.
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But if it is not happening, it would stay in some kind of immature situation or state.
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And the problem is that our muscle tone depends on where is our head in the space, and this semicircular canal will um give the information to our nervous system where is our head, and the nervous system in any seconds, any milliseconds, will set our muscle tone, all of our muscles, where it depends on where is our head.
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And if this process will interrupt it somewhere, uh the muscle tone won't be proper, won't be able to work properly.
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And if we are speaking about, for example, dyslexia, the eye movement is really, really important uh when we are reading.
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And if somebody's semicircular canal in this way, the horizontal canal won't feel that the eye is moving.
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For example, when we are reading, or eyes are moving from left to right and from the right side of the page, automatically would jump at the beginning of the row.
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And if somebody has nystagma, will be able to read.
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If somebody doesn't have, for example, if somebody turns eight times uh anti-clockwise, and the ice won't move horizontally uh rapidly at the end properly, then they are reading the ice won't jump jump at the beginning of the row, and they were lost in the text.
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So this is a big problem, and uh it could be developed really, really well because we if we so the first step inhibit these primitive reflexes with movements and give some uh sensomotory, sensory stimulation, vestibular stimulation.
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For example, if somebody would go in a playground and use the swings and turning things and the slides and as well and jamboine, so they uh will do these uh simple exercises and just enjoy the playground, this uh organ in the inner ear will develop.
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But what is happening?
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Parents give their children smartphone and iPad and they are sitting in front of the TV, and uh these skills uh won't uh be developed at all.
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By the way, uh we just submit our articles because this is a pilot study.
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We tested uh 64 children between two and six, and we investigated how much time they spent with the digital devices, for example, TV, smartphone, laptop, iPad, and uh notebook, and so on.
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And we found really, really strong correlation between retained primitive reflexes and and the time of the digital time, which is not a surprise because they don't move and they don't uh use their motor uh apparat to do exercises.
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So I have so many things to to ask you.
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We're gonna have to talk offline because we have about maybe four more minutes.
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One thing I want to say to you, which is interesting, is that I've got a few people like do you know Bastian Sanek at um Meludia in France?
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I'm gonna introduce you to some of my friends.
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Do you know him?
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Um, you I think it would be great.
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And then do you know Robert Malillo and Ty Melillo in New York?
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So I was just at Robert Melillo's clinic with a family, like a relative, and I actually saw Dr.
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Ty do the activity that you're talking about, where they put the child in the chair and they'd go counterclockwise and they look for is it a nystagmus?
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What are they looking for?
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Nystagmus, yeah.
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So when uh yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah.
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So when we turn somebody anti in an anti-clockwise way, yes, uh, eight times, I I used to do eight times, we have to watch their eyes.
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Right.
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So the nistang has uh fast and a slow movement.
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Yes.
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And if I turn somebody in this way during the turning, the uh the eyes will go back fast from left side to the right side.
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And because our nervous system wants our us uh to be in the middle, because uh the side is proper when we can uh see in in front of us everything properly.
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And when we stop, this eye movement will change the direction.
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Will uh change.
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So the fast movement will be from the right side to the left side and the slow in another way.
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And this is uh eye movement, which are uh how can I say essential if somebody wants to read fast, not fast, wants to read in general.
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But uh I forgot to tell you something earlier.
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There are some reflex reflexes which uh provide a child to survive the first half year or first one year.
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For example, the moral reflex, the diving reflex, the fear parasis reflex, and then there is another one which is uh not completely a primitive reflex, it is a plantar tonic reflex, but it it helps to avoid that uh child who can uh walk from some dangers.
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And if these reflexes will stay alive, can influence our feelings really strongly.
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So we find that so many children who has uh anxiety, and for example, teenagers who are depressed and uh and they are really nervous about everything, these reflexes are alive.
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And we find uh these reflexes among the senior citizens as well.
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Mainly who doesn't who don't have dementia, which was really interesting.
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If somebody don't have dementia, these reflexes are much more alive because they feel that the environment is dangerous for them.
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If somebody has dementia, they don't care because their their world is completely different, they don't feel the real world and they don't feel the real the real um uh uh dangers.
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So it is really interesting because among them these reflexes are really rare.
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They have much more reflexes which are alive, but not these ones.
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So, for example, if if a child has anxiety, we have to treat this moral reflex.
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Yes.
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Uh I uh built a course to teach paediatricians and psychologists, psychiatrists, nurses, and kindergarten teachers, and if somebody is interested in this topic and wants to help children and adults.
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And uh, there was a lady from the United Kingdom, and she's a psychiatrist, and she told me that she tested everybody who arrived to her with uh serious, severe anxiety and depression, and everybody had the moral reflex.
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Yeah, yeah.
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So, and uh and this is really interesting because after the COVID, I found the children who get rid of moral reflex.
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When they came back, they had again.
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Because the stress could trigger this reflexes again.
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Because when we are in some dangerous situation, the cortex will work a little bit less, and because the brainstem has responsibility to survive, and these reflex uh centers are in that area, so somehow this reflexes could be alive again if somebody is in danger, and it doesn't matter if it is a real danger, or just we doubt that it was a danger or psychological danger or an operation, doesn't matter, it could come back.
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But we can work against this, and that can get rid of this reflex if if he or she will be able to do the exercises regularly.
00:25:39.279 --> 00:25:48.720
So this is so fascinating, and you're echoing actually some of what my other colleagues have said, but you're talking about it in a different way.
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So, you know, Deb Lund, we did an interview with her, she runs a micro school for ADHD.
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Ty Malillo wrote chapter two in our book, um, Move More, Learn More.
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My question is where can people find your book, which I have purchased, and where can they get the training?
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Because I think a lot of the people in our community are gonna say, I want to take the training right away.
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Where do they go?
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So uh about the book.
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Uh accidentally we don't have any book at home because when I had this course, some people came abroad and they needed an English version.
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They are Hungarian, just their wife or their husband are uh some foreigners, so I sold them or gave them.
00:26:33.039 --> 00:26:41.440
And I could I couldn't, I can't show you, but on the Amazon everybody can order this book.
00:26:41.680 --> 00:26:45.200
And we have video packages as well.
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And um I I made two types of video packages.
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One is by primitive reflexes, and one uh and other types of packages are by the problems, for example, the most useful exercises for ADHD, ASD, sensory process disorder, dyslexia, dysgraphia, speech problems, anxiety, clumsiness, and uh, there are some advice uh for parents.
00:27:15.359 --> 00:27:19.519
How many exercises I suggest per day?
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By the way, not so many, because it is between three and six uh for a child, so it is eight minutes or 12 minutes.
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Right.
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So it is not a long, long uh term process, and um so they are available, and the course is available right now just in Hungarian.
00:27:40.799 --> 00:27:53.839
But I made a shorter version, and I think I would translate because so many people are interested in, because they would like to help somehow children, adults, uh senior citizens.
00:27:54.079 --> 00:28:05.359
So we will make an English version, and uh I think it will be available for our uh website drloche.com.
00:28:06.160 --> 00:28:18.799
And um, there are some blogs because I I blogs, I wrote uh some blogs just because I have to write some official papers for high impact uh journals.
00:28:19.039 --> 00:28:26.880
I don't have so much time to write blogs, but sometimes from time to time I write, and it is available in English as well.
00:28:27.279 --> 00:28:28.240
Beautiful.
00:28:28.559 --> 00:28:32.240
Well, thank you for joining our Move More Learn More community today.
00:28:32.319 --> 00:28:36.960
I want to tell you that I volunteer to come to Hungary and translate everything for you.
00:28:37.200 --> 00:28:38.160
I would love to do that.
00:28:38.240 --> 00:28:40.400
I've written six books and edited a bunch of things.
00:28:41.519 --> 00:28:46.160
I'll be in Europe in October, but then I can come back maybe in the spring.
00:28:46.240 --> 00:28:51.359
I would I would be honored to to help you because I want everybody to have access to this.
00:28:51.839 --> 00:28:52.400
Thank you.
00:28:52.559 --> 00:28:54.319
Uh my husband is Irish.
00:28:54.480 --> 00:28:54.880
Oh, good.
00:28:55.039 --> 00:29:03.599
And uh when when I wrote this book, the I I translated, but of course, my English is not so perfect, but my husband uh checked it.
00:29:03.839 --> 00:29:13.599
And uh after, if uh somebody, for example, you uh could read uh the material, is it perfect and understandable?
00:29:13.839 --> 00:29:18.240
We would be really happy to, and uh, we really appreciate this.
00:29:18.400 --> 00:29:18.640
All right.
00:29:18.880 --> 00:29:20.000
Well, that'll be a plan.
00:29:20.079 --> 00:29:20.720
We'll do it.
00:29:20.880 --> 00:29:24.400
We're staying so long today from our move more learn more community.
00:29:24.480 --> 00:29:25.519
We really want to thank Dr.
00:29:25.599 --> 00:29:27.359
Stephen Charlos for joining us.
00:29:27.519 --> 00:29:28.960
This is a fascinating topic.
00:29:29.039 --> 00:29:33.359
You can visit her sites, and we'll put some links in the podcast description.
00:29:33.440 --> 00:29:35.440
Have a beautiful day, everybody.