WEBVTT
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00:00:05.897Well, moving right along in our American Seance's thread on the developing Reflecting
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00:00:10.593Pool saga, we're moving a little deeper into the 20th century, a little more modern.
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00:00:16.421And we're bringing in another voice, no stranger to controversy,
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00:00:19.771another voice that we've never spoken about before.
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00:00:23.486And he would be Spiro Agnew.
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00:00:32.135Well imagine Spiro Agnew has been briefed on the controversy he's impressed,
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00:00:36.495not by the renovation the renovation appears to have been a complete disaster,
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00:00:41.528not by the investigation well that seems to have gone rather badly too,
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00:00:45.997not even by the decision to paint the bottom of the reflecting pool American
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00:00:51.057flag blue which actually strikes Agnew as the sort of patriotic flourish he
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00:00:56.859might have enthusiastically defended on television in 1970. No, not that either.
00:00:57.625 -->
00:01:01.455Spiro Agnew is impressed by the canoeist.
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00:01:06.325You've got a canoeist, he would ask? Yes. An actual canoeist?
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00:01:08.914Yeah, a former Olympic canoeist.
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00:01:14.547You could just imagine Agnew leaning forward. Now, why are you wasting time
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00:01:19.108talking about contractors, he would ask. Well, that's Spiro Agnew for you.
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00:01:26.220Spiro Theodore Agnew, 39th president of the United States, governor of Maryland,
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00:01:32.025Baltimore County executive, scourge of liberals, tormentor of journalists,
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00:01:34.527enthusiast of alliteration,
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00:01:40.495the recipient of many shady envelopes, and one of the few men in American history
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00:01:45.951to resign the vice presidency because the Justice Department was closing in on him,
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00:01:51.405while simultaneously serving under a president who was also being investigated
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00:01:52.696by the Justice Department.
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00:01:56.371That is like an extraordinary achievement.
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00:02:01.155This was at a time when the Nixon administration was producing constitutional
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00:02:04.683crises faster than the Constitution could process them.
00:02:05.489 -->
00:02:07.643And yet Agnew had a gift.
00:02:08.514 -->
00:02:13.955When confronted with accusations, He possessed an almost supernatural ability
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00:02:18.702to identify the true victim, who was naturally Spiro Agnew.
00:02:19.578 -->
00:02:23.264So he would understand the reflecting pool saga immediately.
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00:02:29.278Someone would explain it to him. President Trump wanted the pool renovated. Fine.
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00:02:32.692He wanted the bottom painted blue. Well, that's patriotic.
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00:02:37.167The project was rushed for the 4th of July. Totally understandable.
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00:02:43.843The coating began peeling. Agnew would hold up his hand. Stop. Wait. Everyone stops.
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00:02:46.809This is where you're making your mistake, he would say.
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00:02:51.122The contractor? No. The coding? No. The deadline? Absolutely not.
00:02:52.005 -->
00:02:55.602Agnew would lean back in his chair. You're still talking about what happened.
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00:03:01.377Awkward silence? Well, what should we be talking about, you might ask?
00:03:02.056 -->
00:03:05.864Agnew smiles and says, well, you should be talking about who did it to you.
00:03:06.862 -->
00:03:10.636This is Spiro Agnew's area of political expertise.
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00:03:16.632By 1973, federal prosecutors in Maryland were investigating corruption involving
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00:03:18.954contractors and public officials.
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00:03:22.954The investigation eventually reached Agnew.
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00:03:28.592And the allegations were not trivial. Investigators developed evidence that
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00:03:33.562Agnew had received payments from engineers and contractors doing business with
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00:03:36.729Baltimore County while he was county executive.
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00:03:38.598Then while he was governor.
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00:03:44.636And according to the government's case, even after he became vice president of the United States.
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00:03:51.385Interesting. Agnew allegedly did not merely arrive in Washington carrying the
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00:03:53.354habits of Maryland politics.
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00:03:56.826He brought the subscription service with him.
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00:04:02.495Federal investigators believed payments continued while he occupied the second
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00:04:04.413highest office in the country.
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00:04:10.990Agnew obviously denied all wrongdoing aggressively. He insisted he was innocent.
00:04:11.582 -->
00:04:16.563He attacked the investigation. He attacked the prosecutors. He attacked the press.
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00:04:19.157He suggested political motives.
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00:04:24.109He portrayed himself as the target of powerful forces trying to destroy him.
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00:04:29.850It sounds awfully familiar. This is also familiar territory to Agnew.
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00:04:34.947He had built much of his a national political identity attacking enemies,
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00:04:40.685college radicals, anti-war demonstrators, liberals, television networks,
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00:04:48.496newspapers, intellectuals, commentators, people who used words like systemic and corruption.
00:04:49.709 -->
00:04:54.445Agnew's most famous attacks were often written by Nixon speechwriters like William
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00:04:58.688Sapphire and Pat Buchanan, but Agnew delivered them beautifully.
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00:05:03.541He attacked critics as nattering nabops of negatism.
00:05:04.360 -->
00:05:08.667He denounced an effet core of impudent snobs.
00:05:09.532 -->
00:05:13.671He complained about the hopeless, hysterical hypochondriacs of history.
00:05:14.466 -->
00:05:17.885By the way, these are real lines. These are real quotes.
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00:05:24.102This guy was an absolute pro at alliteration, like competitive alliteration.
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00:05:30.281If Agnew had been born 50 years later, cable television would have constructed
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00:05:32.043a studio around this guy.
00:05:33.070 -->
00:05:37.381So when somebody tells him that the reflecting pool coding failed and the administration
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00:05:43.455blamed vandalism, Agnew would not see a problem at all. He would see an opening.
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00:05:49.283You would need a name, he would say. Well, we have David Hearn. No, go for the group.
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00:05:52.550What group? Well, the people attacking the pool.
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00:05:58.152Well, there isn't a group. Agnew would sigh. Well, that's never stopped me before,
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00:05:59.934when he would begin pacing.
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00:06:04.207How about paddling provocateurs? Someone would write that down.
00:06:04.404 -->
00:06:06.401How about aquatic anarchists?
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00:06:12.241The pusillanimous pool peelers of the Potomac. Trump would look up at that one.
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00:06:13.419He might even say that's good.
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00:06:16.322Agnew would nod and say, yeah, that is good.
00:06:16.676 -->
00:06:21.784And suddenly the entire strategy becomes crystal clear. Don't talk about the paint.
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00:06:25.285The paint's dangerous. The paint leads to questions.
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00:06:28.183Kind of coding? Who selected it?
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00:06:32.194Who installed it? How was the surface prepared? How was the work rushed?
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00:06:35.050Who imposed the deadline? These are all dumb questions.
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00:06:38.951Why is the government now spending millions more for repairing it?
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00:06:42.585Oh, nothing good happens down that road. Don't ask those questions.
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00:06:46.085Eventually, someone asked the most dangerous question in Washington.
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00:06:49.868Whose idea was this? No, absolutely not. No.
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00:06:53.182Talk about the canoeist. The canoeist is magnificent.
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00:06:57.797The canoeist is specific. The canoeist has a face. The canoeist has a name.
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00:07:02.006Most importantly, the canoeist is not a procurement document.
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00:07:04.874Agnew can't believe his luck.
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00:07:10.603Then somebody tells him that federal prosecutors dropped the vandalism case
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00:07:15.933after they found out there wasn't any evidence and after evidence increasingly
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00:07:18.306pointed toward problems with the renovation itself.
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00:07:21.143Agnew's expression would change.
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00:07:26.085His face would drop. You let the prosecutors do what, he might ask?
00:07:26.758 -->
00:07:29.289Well, they dropped the charges. They had to. Why?
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00:07:34.603Well, because of the evidence. No, no, no, he would cut in. Agnew would wave
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00:07:37.277this way. You're thinking like lawyers.
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00:07:44.086This is particularly funny coming from Spiro Agnew, because lawyers did eventually
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00:07:46.162become a major problem for him.
00:07:47.004 -->
00:07:53.564As the Maryland investigation tightened around him in 1973, Agnew tried to fight it on multiple fronts.
00:07:54.086 -->
00:07:58.329He publicly denounced the accusations. He challenged the investigation.
00:07:58.985 -->
00:08:03.786He argued that a sitting vice president could not be criminally prosecuted before impeachment.
00:08:04.587 -->
00:08:08.273His lawyers went to federal court attempting to stop the grand jury proceedings.
00:08:08.889 -->
00:08:10.473The Justice Department disagreed.
00:08:11.489 -->
00:08:16.086Solicitor General Robert Bork argued that civil officers other than the president
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00:08:19.860remained subject to ordinary federal criminal process.
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00:08:22.194In other words, no.
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00:08:28.272Being vice president did not come with the complimentary get-out-of-grand-jury-free card.
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00:08:32.376This placed Agnew in an increasingly uncomfortable position.
00:08:32.614 -->
00:08:36.526The evidence was accumulating. Prosecutors were not disappearing.
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00:08:40.195His constitutional argument was not rescuing him.
00:08:40.926 -->
00:08:45.476And his boss had developed certain legal difficulties of his own, you might say.
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00:08:50.898Agnew, nevertheless, kept attacking. And that's, I guess, the most important part.
00:08:51.850 -->
00:08:55.101Because Agnew understood something powerful about political scandals.
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00:08:59.776If you can't win the argument over the evidence, you can sometimes change the
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00:09:02.473argument into one about the people presenting the evidence.
00:09:03.582 -->
00:09:06.995Are the prosecutors biased? Is the press hostile?
00:09:07.715 -->
00:09:12.539Are bureaucrats conspiring? Are political enemies exploiting the situation?
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00:09:16.667Why are they coming after me?
00:09:17.816 -->
00:09:22.536Now everyone is discussing motive instead of conduct. The accusation itself
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00:09:26.746becomes evidence of persecution, and the person being investigated becomes the
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00:09:28.120victim of the investigation.
00:09:29.317 -->
00:09:33.682Agnew didn't invent this maneuver. American politicians have been doing something
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00:09:35.052like it for generations.
00:09:35.307 -->
00:09:41.262He was just unusually enthusiastic about it, which is why he would love the
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00:09:44.908reflecting pool affair. This is so comfortable for him.
00:09:45.860 -->
00:09:50.306The original question is painfully simple. Why is the coating coming off?
00:09:51.067 -->
00:09:53.464Agnew understands that this is the wrong question.
00:09:54.230 -->
00:09:59.681The correct question is, who attacked America's reflecting pool? It's much better.
00:10:00.657 -->
00:10:08.133See, now we have patriotism, vandalism, crime, national monuments, disrespect, radicals.
00:10:08.412 -->
00:10:10.287Agnew's pulse would quicken.
00:10:10.867 -->
00:10:13.143Well, can we turn the vandals into radicals?
00:10:13.758 -->
00:10:15.140Yeah, we have no evidence for that.
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00:10:18.844You keep saying that word, he would say, evidence.
00:10:19.569 -->
00:10:21.665And he'd say, yeah, it's killing the momentum.
00:10:24.277 -->
00:10:27.682Well, here's the thing about that. Unfortunately for Spiro Agnew,
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00:10:32.044evidence ultimately killed quite a bit of his momentum in 1973.
00:10:32.967 -->
00:10:36.636On October 10th, the vice president entered a federal courtroom in Baltimore.
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00:10:41.162He pleaded no contest to a charge of federal income tax evasion.
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00:10:49.365He was fined $10,000. He received a suspended prison sentence and he resigned the vice presidency.
00:10:50.375 -->
00:10:54.302The Justice Department later described the investigation as uncovering evidence
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00:11:01.166of bribes paid to Agnew as Baltimore County Executive, Governor of Maryland, and Vice President.
00:11:02.101 -->
00:11:05.903Spiro Agnew had spent months insisting that he was being persecuted.
00:11:06.646 -->
00:11:11.958Then Spiro Agnew left office as part of a negotiated resolution with federal prosecutors.
00:11:12.887 -->
00:11:16.457This did not improve his opinion of federal prosecutors.
00:11:17.861 -->
00:11:24.635So imagine his delight when he learns that the reflecting pool controversy involves Jeanine Pirro.
00:11:25.570 -->
00:11:29.099Pirro's office dropped the case against Hearn after the evidence developed.
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00:11:32.036Trump publicly attacked the decision.
00:11:32.901 -->
00:11:36.602And now the White House has reportedly asked the Justice Department to examine
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00:11:38.884whether new charges can be brought.
00:11:39.772 -->
00:11:45.316Agnew would turn around slowly, very excitedly. Wait, you can do that?
00:11:46.152 -->
00:11:50.970Well, apparently they're exploring it. Well, Agnew looks genuinely moved.
00:11:51.841 -->
00:11:56.938For perhaps the first time since his death, Spiro Agnew believes America has progressed.
00:11:57.878 -->
00:12:03.747So the prosecutor dropped the case? Yes. And the White House wants another one? Yes.
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00:12:06.789Against the canoeist? Potentially.
00:12:07.665 -->
00:12:12.507Agnew, you could almost imagine Agnew wiping away an imaginary tear.
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00:12:14.503What a country, he would say.
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00:12:19.142Someone tries to explain that this raises rather serious questions about the
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00:12:23.054relationship between presidential power and federal prosecution.
00:12:23.635 -->
00:12:28.076But Agnew stopped listening. He has found a whiteboard, and at the top he writes,
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00:12:31.524Rule one, never discuss the contractor.
00:12:32.435 -->
00:12:34.867Rule two, always have a villain.
00:12:35.930 -->
00:12:42.987Rule three, if the evidence changes, change the subject. Rule four, attack the prosecutor.
00:12:44.003 -->
00:12:49.576Someone clears their throat. Mr. Agnew? Yes. Well, you may want to rethink that last one.
00:12:50.598 -->
00:12:53.529Agnew stares at it. Fair point. He crosses it out.
00:12:54.597 -->
00:12:57.592The problem, of course, is that none of this actually repairs the reflecting
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00:13:01.447pool. This is a limitation, obviously, of Agnewism.
00:13:02.260 -->
00:13:05.072It's excellent at explaining why someone else should be angry.
00:13:05.072 -->
00:13:08.169It's less effective at applying the correct sealant.
00:13:08.767 -->
00:13:14.230So the pool remains damaged. The contractor questions remain. The costs remain.
00:13:14.445 -->
00:13:17.997The timeline remains. The evidence remains. All sorts of stuff remain.
00:13:18.398 -->
00:13:20.917You can change the subject. You can't change the coding.
00:13:22.404 -->
00:13:28.639Eventually, unfortunately for Agnew and Agnewism, eventually reality does have
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00:13:31.785an irritating habit of returning to the conversation.
00:13:32.406 -->
00:13:34.293Agnew discovered this in 73.
00:13:35.122 -->
00:13:39.655The accusations he denounced didn't disappear because he denounced the people making them.
00:13:40.613 -->
00:13:44.073The grand jury didn't dissolve because he called the investigation political.
00:13:44.334 -->
00:13:46.122The evidence continued mounting.
00:13:46.697 -->
00:13:49.989And finally, the man who had spent years attacking America's critics,
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00:13:55.915found himself sitting in a Baltimore courtroom listening while prosecutors described his conduct.
00:13:57.651 -->
00:14:02.312Perhaps there is a lesson here. Agnew doesn't want to hear it, but there is one.
00:14:02.986 -->
00:14:07.914Scapegoats are politically useful precisely because they simplify complicated failures.
00:14:08.936 -->
00:14:13.458They convert systems into villains. Bad decisions become attacks.
00:14:14.189 -->
00:14:18.502Administrative incompetence becomes sabotage. Evidence becomes politics.
00:14:19.298 -->
00:14:23.651Responsibility moves magically downward until it lands on someone with less power.
00:14:24.452 -->
00:14:28.278From a contractor to a bureaucrat to a protester to a canoeist.
00:14:29.369 -->
00:14:30.942Anyone except the person at the top.
00:14:33.067 -->
00:14:37.529Well, anyway, Agnew is gathering his papers. Trump stops him. Wait. Agnew turns.
00:14:37.849 -->
00:14:41.379I still think the canoeist did it. And Agnew smiles.
00:14:42.139 -->
00:14:44.281There's almost affection. in the expression.
00:14:45.129 -->
00:14:49.343Mr. President, he walks back toward the table, you're making one critical mistake.
00:14:49.877 -->
00:14:54.376And what would that be, Trump might ask. You're still trying to prove the canoeist did it.
00:14:55.218 -->
00:14:59.554Trump looks confused. He did. Agnew shakes his head. Doesn't matter.
00:14:59.914 -->
00:15:02.277What do you mean? Agnew picks up his hat.
00:15:02.967 -->
00:15:06.874You don't need everyone to believe the canoeist did it, heading for the door.
00:15:08.407 -->
00:15:10.705You just need them arguing about the canoeist.