From Romania

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Episode 31: Two distinguished technologists share their experiences of growing up in Communist Romania in the 1960s-1990s, of the 1989 Romanian Revolution, and of immigrating reluctantly to the US. Featuring: Ion Stoica (Prof at UC Berkeley and founder of Databricks, Anyscale, and Conviva, Inventor of Apache Spark, Mesos, and Ray), and Rada Mihalcea (Prof at U. Michigan, AAAI Fellow, Creator of Romanian PECASE Program). Topics include: Growing up in Communist Romania under the dictatorship of Nicolae Ceaușescu in the 1970s and 80s; Schooling and education system in Romania during 1970s, 80s, and 90s; Romania during and after the 1989 Romanian Revolution; Our guests' Immigration to the US (in 1994 and 1997 respectively); and Perspectives. This is the Lead Episode for the Immigrant Computer Scientists Podcast's segment on Romania (first of 3 episodes on Romania.)

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00:02:03Act 0 – Introduction, Guests, and Romania Background

00:07:04Act 1 – Communism and Government in Romania, 1970s, 80s

00:07:05Ion Stoica: "Communism was an Open Lie"

00:12:30Rada Mihalcea: Growing up Poor in Communist Romania

00:15:45Act 2 – Money, or Lack Thereof, 1970s and 80s

00:15:46Ion Stoica: Jobs and Salaries in Communist Romania

00:16:46Rada Mihalcea: Lack of Money, and Family treasure hunt to find money for food and essentials. And a Collective Bank among Parents’ Colleagues

00:19:49Ion Stoica: Centralized assignment of jobs in Communist Romania

00:22:17Act 3 – Communist Dictator Nicolae Ceaușescu and The “Folders”, 1960s, 70s, and 80s

00:22:18Ion Stoica: Choosing Physics vs. Computer Science

00:23:38Rada Mihalcea: "The Government blacklisted many members of my family"

00:26:40Ion Stoica: "The Communist Party tried to recruit me"

00:28:48Act 4 – Exams, Exams, Exams, 1960s-90s

00:28:49Ion Stoica on the Exam system

00:31:53Rada Mihalcea on the Exam system

00:33:56Act 5 – Studying in School and College, 1970s, 80s, and 90s

00:33:57Rada Mihalcea: Studying at home in candlelight

00:35:12Ion Stoica: MIlitary service and colleges

00:37:04Rada Mihalcea: Entrance Exams into Universities, 1990s

00:40:42Rada Mihalcea: Girls and Women in STEM, 1980s and 90s

00:42:29Act 6 – Romanian Revolution, 1989

00:42:30Ion Stoica: The beginnings of discontent in Romania

00:43:12Rada Mihalcea: Revolution was a long time coming

00:45:31Ion Stoica: Life, and Tech Industry, after the 1989 Revolution

00:47:26Rada Mihalcea: Life after the 1989 Revolution

00:51:34Act 7 – First Encounters with Technology, 1970s-90s

00:51:35Rada Mihalcea: Pen and Paper Computer Science

00:53:55Ion Stoica: Punched cards disappeared quickly

00:56:03Act 8 – Languages, 1960s-90s

00:56:04Rada Mihalcea: Languages in School, Street, Home

00:57:45Ion Stoica: Languages in School, Street, Home

00:59:03Act 9 – Immigrant to the US, mid-1990s

00:59:04Ion Stoica: Immigrating in 1994 for a PhD at Old Dominion University

00:59:34Rada Mihalcea: “A mistake”, a chance sequence of events that led her to apply to the US.

01:03:05Act 10 – Links to Homeland Romania today

01:03:06Ion Stoica: Giving back

01:04:47Rada Mihalcea: Giving back more to Romania from the US. Working with Romanian government to create the Romanian equivalent of the US PECASE Award

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