Full Transcript for Quantum Cyber (QUCY): Helping AI-Powered Drones Phone Home Without GPS

magnetic field as a navigational reference. 00:05:05.519 --> 00:05:10.079 You know, so GPS depends, of course, on receiving signals from satellites. 00:05:10.399 --> 00:05:16.240 Our approach is intended to give a drone another source of information to help determine where it is. 00:05:16.480 --> 00:05:32.800 So what uh what we do, our quantum photomagnetic antenna uses a very proprietary photonic architecture, and we're targeting sensitivity to very, very small magnetic variations at the pico Tesla scales, incredibly tiny. 00:05:32.959 --> 00:05:39.360 And then we have a processor on board the drone that interprets those measurements to help estimate the position. 00:05:39.680 --> 00:05:55.680 So um in a quick nutshell, we we use this property in physics called squeezing, where we're taking the electrical elements of uh uh of uh photonic input and we're converting it to break down the magnetic properties of it, right? 00:05:55.839 --> 00:06:03.920 Those magnetic properties can be used for, as I said, um converting into actual uh uh signal, right? 00:06:04.079 --> 00:06:13.120 That that uh that then the processor, simple ARM processor that's uh that's on board the drone can interpret to estimate the uh position of the drone. 00:06:13.360 --> 00:06:23.920 Now, um from quick comparison, at uh the the scale that we're we're intending to build this antenna um is uh at the one nanometer level. 00:06:24.240 --> 00:06:40.240 And at that size, what we're doing, James, is using organic polymers that we structure in a very particular lattice that allows us to uh you know um really manipulate and uh and capture some of the elements of these photons and their electrical and magnetic properties. 00:06:40.399 --> 00:06:43.600 So it's it's a 2D lattice that uh that we built. 00:06:43.920 --> 00:06:53.040 This um uh uh approach, uh James, allows us to you know use this invisible magnetic landscape. 00:06:53.279 --> 00:07:06.480 And if you we were to compare the the type of accuracy that uh that we're uh you know projecting to garner from this uh photomagnetic antenna, we're either um as good, if not better, than GPS. 00:07:06.639 --> 00:07:13.439 GPS kind of gives you an uncertainty of about 10 feet longitudinal, latitudinal um uh coordinates. 00:07:14.000 --> 00:07:25.600 This photomagnetic antenna, magnetic um navigation from from our simulations and uh and testing would uh again be as good if not better than uh than GPS. 00:07:25.759 --> 00:07:38.560 And so our uh really our our next step in uh in this approach is to is to demonstrate the sensitivity, build the prototype, demonstrate the sensitivity of the hardware and navigation accuracy of the complete system. 00:07:38.720 --> 00:07:45.759 So these are some measurements that uh that are critical and some milestones that we have planned for uh for the near future at quantum cyber. 00:07:46.240 --> 00:07:47.279 Really quick follow-up on that. 00:07:47.360 --> 00:07:48.639 This is the technology is really fascinating. 00:07:48.720 --> 00:07:53.519 So, I mean, would you need do you have like a map of the entire earth or is it a relative positioning system? 00:07:53.600 --> 00:07:57.680 Like how does that that signal tie to a location so precisely? 00:07:57.920 --> 00:08:00.639 Uh so we're using the Van uh Van Allen lines, right? 00:08:00.720 --> 00:08:04.000 Um north and south pole magnetic as the core reference. 00:08:04.160 --> 00:08:12.639 And then the rest is yes, um, I mean, we're we're we're measuring very, very small magnetic variations that uh that we're detecting, right? 00:08:12.800 --> 00:08:16.240 And so that allows us to use those lines as reference points. 00:08:16.319 --> 00:08:26.800 And then, yes, uh, you know, we would have on board um loaded uh uh you know a predefined um map that uh we're constantly comparing against. 00:08:26.879 --> 00:08:32.639 And so it'll it'll give a good degree of uh of accuracy for uh for navigation purposes. 00:08:33.200 --> 00:08:33.919 Fascinating. 00:08:34.080 --> 00:08:35.600 So um I mean Dr. 00:08:35.840 --> 00:08:37.360 Cohn's research goes back decades. 00:08:37.440 --> 00:08:41.840 So kind of what makes now the right time to bring this technology to the marketplace? 00:08:42.320 --> 00:08:51.759 So let me give you some lore on uh uh before I uh dive in a little more on where this photomagnetic antenna came from. 00:08:51.919 --> 00:08:59.759 Uh so originally this uh the Wolf's work in this space was funded under President Reagan's Star Wars program. 00:09:00.000 --> 00:09:14.240 So it um uh you know it was quite uh maybe 15, 20 years ago, he was given this mandate um uh to develop a method to make Abrams tanks fully autonomous. 00:09:14.720 --> 00:09:25.200 And what was quickly realized is hey, the the hardware of that time, it can't handle the type of compute necessary to make a tank fully autonomous. 00:09:25.440 --> 00:09:38.080 And so step one, James, was uh, you know, Wolf threw out the old rule book and said, well, we have to basically reimagine a data architecture and how zeros and ones are processed, right? 00:09:38.159 --> 00:09:47.679 And so he created a suite of quantum algorithms, a new data architect uh uh architecture called a data Hamiltonian that um is quite compelling for us. 00:09:47.840 --> 00:09:58.000 A Hamiltonian, you might uh recall James from uh from physics class, is a model that helps to explain how systems are evolving over time under some constraints, right? 00:09:58.080 --> 00:10:06.399 And so these would be models that are used to explain how particles uh um spin, how planets orbit, how weather systems are moving. 00:10:06.639 --> 00:10:19.519 So it for uh for us, our algorithms and in Wolf's work, it all starts from the data Hamiltonian and how we're able to take in real-time signal and evolve that um uh into some type of uh intelligence. 00:10:19.759 --> 00:10:29.440 Now, um what that uh project uh with Abram um with the Abrams tank did, again, it it built the

core foundation of the software. 00:10:29.600 --> 00:10:51.120 But now what's happened is uh yes, we have you know decades of substantial scientific foundation for it, but the hardware capacity of 2026 has now caught up to a moment where we can actually effectuate this, you know, then theoretical uh uh and research-based um technology and execute it into practical. 00:10:51.279 --> 00:11:10.000 And so what makes this moment uh really compelling for us is the opportunity to apply that uh incredible scientific foundation work to a clearly defined problem, which is helping autonomous systems operate when their normal sources of navigation and communication become unreliable. 00:11:10.159 --> 00:11:17.679 You know, and uh uh this scientific architecture needs an incredibly disciplined development program around it. 00:11:17.840 --> 00:11:27.519 That means identifying the appropriate and optimal uh fabrication partners, defining measurable performance requirements, building the hardware so it can be tested. 00:11:27.679 --> 00:11:37.840 That's really where a lot of my focus comes in, James, is bringing together that uh uh you know, Wolf and the rest of our scientific team are commercial partners and resources to move this forward. 00:11:38.080 --> 00:11:42.320 And uh it's incredibly exciting now that um the hardware is finally caught up. 00:11:42.480 --> 00:11:55.600 We uh there's a lot of advancement in photonic computing and uh and using fabrication approaches um uh for developing this quantum hard work that um uh we can do without precious metals. 00:11:55.679 --> 00:12:01.679 So we're using organic polymers, James, to uh to build this, um uh to build this antenna. 00:12:01.759 --> 00:12:11.039 And so we we we've been talking to labs, uh interviewing labs, I should say, all over the world to to to you know um finalize and build uh a prototype. 00:12:11.919 --> 00:12:13.200 Thanks for the expansive answers. 00:12:13.360 --> 00:12:14.879 Thanks, it's like a very exciting time. 00:12:15.039 --> 00:12:17.759 Um so let's talk about the license for a second. 00:12:18.000 --> 00:12:23.840 What does Quantum Cyber's license cover and where does MAHCA, or if you say Maca, again? 00:12:24.320 --> 00:12:24.879 Yeah. 00:12:25.600 --> 00:12:35.039 So um the license agreement between Project Light Shift and uh and Quantum Cyber, uh, we announced it uh, I think in June of this uh of this year. 00:12:35.200 --> 00:12:48.000 It gives uh QC an exclusive worldwide license to our quantum uh photomagnetic antenna, uh specifically for unmanned aerial vehicles and drone platforms and defense and national security applications. 00:12:48.240 --> 00:13:10.399 So uh we met um the management team and uh CEO of Quantum Cyber, David uh Lazar, earlier this uh this year, um uh met them uh through a uh through a mutual acquaintance who knew of our quantum work and um uh our desire to at Project Light Shift to really find optimal partners for us to license our technology. 00:13:10.559 --> 00:13:17.120 We didn't want to necessarily uh you know um isolate ourselves in a uh in a peer play um path. 00:13:17.279 --> 00:13:22.080 We wanted to partner with a um uh with folks that were like-minded. 00:13:22.159 --> 00:13:39.519 And that's what we saw in quantum cyber is uh you know, they're America first, want to build and protect uh uh uh with uh with leading defense tech, but um also that they have a passion and affinity for advancing deep tech such as quantum in unique applications. 00:13:39.679 --> 00:13:45.200 And so um that's uh how how and why we executed on uh on this license agreement. 00:13:45.279 --> 00:13:50.320 We couldn't be more excited about the partnership and the future that portends uh ahead of us. 00:13:50.480 --> 00:13:59.840 Um now MACA, um uh which is uh spelled M-A-H-C-A, and it stands for multiple actor hybrid control architecture. 00:14:00.000 --> 00:14:08.080 So MACA is the framework that we use for developing an intelligent control software system for these autonomous platforms. 00:14:08.320 --> 00:14:31.360 And uh in a nutshell, it's it's AI, but it's uh it's an AI that's very different, James, from the AI that you would uh you might um some of our listeners might be thinking of companies like Anthropic or ChatGPT or uh Palantir or Endorel, all amazing AI companies, all uh have been doing some incredibly uh innovative work. 00:14:31.919 --> 00:14:53.440 But a lot of them use, James, uh, an approach in artificial intelligence that um uh uh relies on regressive data, meaning uh huge amounts of historical data that's put into um large language models or other similar models in order to uh then do pattern recognition, right? 00:14:53.759 --> 00:14:57.519 Effectively it's that, and then make a prediction. 00:14:58.320 --> 00:15:01.039 So that's fine and all. 00:15:01.200 --> 00:15:20.399 However, when you have ever evolving and and changing systems such as warfare, such as uh uh you know aerodynamics and making pilot decisions uh on the drone, you have to uh yesterday's assumptions don't always match up or align with today's reality. 00:15:20.879 --> 00:15:22.960 And that's where Macha comes in. 00:15:23.440 --> 00:15:27.120 It has an incredibly uh uh different technical role. 00:15:27.360 --> 00:15:35.360 It's a it's the coordination platform intended to help multiple autonomous systems work together as circumstances change. 00:15:35.679 --> 00:15:49.200 So, Maka, what it does is every uh it's built upon um some foundational work that Wolf did decades ago in uh developing hybrid uh systems and control software for hybrid systems. 00:15:49.440 --> 00:15:58.399 Now, when you have a drone, you have really there's kind of two schools of thought that are working um simultaneously in order to effectuate a mission. 00:15:58.639 --> 00:16:05.679 You have pilot decisions that have to be made, but then you have uh also the aerodynamic decisions, right? 00:16:05.759 --> 00:16:13.840 Those have to work in

concert in order to execute the uh the mission and be successful, given uh given a certain set of constraints. 00:16:14.000 --> 00:16:21.919 So Maka builds um what we call uh some folks might uh be familiar with the term agents, like AI agents. 00:16:22.159 --> 00:16:27.919 AI agents are um uh have a very controlled outcome and uh rely on that regressive data. 00:16:28.080 --> 00:16:32.480 So now the industry is moving towards real-time AI systems being called actors. 00:16:32.639 --> 00:16:38.000 So we effectively are building AI actors for every subsystem in a drone. 00:16:38.240 --> 00:17:00.480 Let's say the energy control, the pilot decisions, the navigation, the sensing, interpretation, the the um control systems, every component we're building an AI system for that consolidates into one smart brain on the drone, but then that uh smart brain is also speaking to the other smart brains in a swarm. 00:17:00.639 --> 00:17:09.039 So Maka allows a uh uh you know an ensemble of these drones to operate in sync in order to execute a path. 00:17:09.200 --> 00:17:31.279 And what we're doing when we have um these these agents from all these subsystems, James, we're taking um uh what we call mean field theory, which is effectively saying, let's say there's a thousand possibilities that our models are are predicting for um uh uh you know for a certain vector or a certain decision on the battlefield. 00:17:31.440 --> 00:17:38.799 We'll take maybe an average of the hundred uh realities that uh align most with our optimal goal, right? 00:17:38.960 --> 00:17:46.960 Like um uh execute the mission with uh X amount of limit on casualties or or energy or distance. 00:17:47.200 --> 00:17:50.079 We'll stay within a defined uh set of rules. 00:17:50.400 --> 00:17:56.400 All else equal, the drone and the MACA system will execute the path as long as they don't violate these rules. 00:17:56.480 --> 00:17:58.160 It's called rules-based AI. 00:17:58.400 --> 00:18:07.519 And uh MACA allows that, um allows these drones to operate autonomously without having to signal home because all the computing is done at the edge. 00:18:07.680 --> 00:18:14.000 And so decisions are made on the drone, it's fully autonomous, but they're it's autonomous with parameters, right? 00:18:14.160 --> 00:18:16.799 It's not, hey, drone, just go do whatever you want. 00:18:17.119 --> 00:18:22.240 We implement three sets of rules absolute rules, hard rules, and soft rules. 00:18:22.480 --> 00:18:26.640 Absolute rules are rules that can never ever be violated, right? 00:18:26.720 --> 00:18:29.359 These would be engagement rules of uh of war. 00:18:29.920 --> 00:18:36.640 It would be things like your um uh battery range only allows you to go, I don't know, 300 miles. 00:18:36.799 --> 00:18:38.400 Don't violate that, obviously. 00:18:38.640 --> 00:18:38.960 Right. 00:18:39.039 --> 00:18:42.400 And uh and so those would be absolute rules that are never violated. 00:18:42.720 --> 00:18:48.799 Hard rules

are that um the black and white bounds that define what correct behavior looks like. 00:18:48.960 --> 00:18:57.759 And where the magic happens, James, that makes us makes our approach to AI so different than uh than others is um our third level, which is called soft rules. 00:18:57.920 --> 00:18:59.599 This is where judgment happens. 00:18:59.759 --> 00:19:03.759 This is where um we're taking and applying reinforcement learning. 00:19:03.920 --> 00:19:20.880 So we're taking real-time input, structuring that input in a data Hamiltonian, um, projecting, well, based on current input, as I said, there could be a thousand possibilities, but uh uh only 10 align with uh um with our rule sets. 00:19:20.960 --> 00:19:26.079 They don't violate absolute rules, they don't violate the hard rules, and based on our judgment, we should execute those. 00:19:26.319 --> 00:19:33.119 Then the software will loop, the reinforcement will loop, develop another Hamiltonian, and keep going and keep going. 00:19:33.200 --> 00:19:35.279 So you have judgment that's occurring. 00:19:35.519 --> 00:19:38.160 This is no different than how the human brain works. 00:19:38.480 --> 00:19:45.440 Human brain works in a way where you have some core life experiences that have taught you how to how to live, right? 00:19:45.519 --> 00:19:58.720 Your parents taught you lessons, you you learned arithmetic, uh, hopefully in elementary school, you learn how to read, um, you learn that when it's about to rain or you see rain clouds, you should probably take uh a raincoat and an umbrella, right? 00:19:58.880 --> 00:20:11.359 But every time your your brain is faced with a uh different decision, you don't have to pause in a deterministic manner to say, okay, well, yesterday in the last 50 years of my life, I made decisions in XYZ manner. 00:20:11.519 --> 00:20:12.160 You don't have to do that. 00:20:12.240 --> 00:20:16.000 You instinctively know Maka allows that, right? 00:20:16.079 --> 00:20:16.960 It enables that. 00:20:17.119 --> 00:20:24.000 And I for the ones that I'm not talking about general artificial intelligence, uh nowhere you know confusing the two. 00:20:24.240 --> 00:20:32.079 What I mean is we built a system that um doesn't uh confuse uh prediction with intelligence. 00:20:32.480 --> 00:20:43.119 What we built is a system that says, okay, given what we're sensing right now in real conditions, we can anticipate what the future should look like, right? 00:20:43.279 --> 00:20:45.759 And we anticipate in a probabilistic manner. 00:20:45.920 --> 00:20:49.519 We're we're not um you know forecasting one single outcome. 00:20:49.839 --> 00:20:52.079 We we forecast an ensemble. 00:20:52.160 --> 00:20:54.880 Um it's called quantum ensembles of domain. 00:20:55.119 --> 00:21:15.119 This is what uh you know makes the algorithms even uh um uh relative or related to quantum uh um uh quantum computing, is we're saying, well, we're gonna forecast a portfolio or probabilistic density of many, many

probabilities, and then execute on the ones that uh that align the best. 00:21:15.359 --> 00:21:19.359 And so it makes our approach, James, um, very unique, very different. 00:21:20.160 --> 00:21:26.480 And uh I think it's gonna I think it's gonna help to to define uh QC as a future leader in this space. 00:21:28.240 --> 00:21:34.799 You just bring together so many technologies at once, it seems like here uh even kind of reminds me of like uh Robocops Prime Directives. 00:21:34.960 --> 00:21:38.160 Um and uh yeah, it's it's it's fascinating. 00:21:38.319 --> 00:21:43.279 Um I feel like we talk about the technology for hours, but um, it's a little more practical. 00:21:43.440 --> 00:21:51.440 Um you just kind of thinking through the simulation to prototype journey, just kind of what have you learned so far from the search for a partner to build the antenna prototype? 00:21:52.720 --> 00:21:57.359 So our central issue is finding the right combination of capabilities, right? 00:21:57.599 --> 00:22:07.519 A prototype partner needs uh To be able to help us translate the design into a fabrication process, package the device, and measure how it performs. 00:22:07.680 --> 00:22:08.000 Right. 00:22:08.240 --> 00:22:28.640 But not every every uh fab facility that's out there can handle photonics and as well as organic polymers, but uh uh really it's also the the scale at which we want to build this to, you know, um uh getting to the one nanometer level is uh is quite small. 00:22:28.799 --> 00:22:34.319 And so it uh it really reduces the amount of potential partners that uh that exist. 00:22:34.960 --> 00:22:40.160 Um we've kind of uh again focused on uh on those three uh three questions. 00:22:40.400 --> 00:22:43.200 Can the partner build the uh uh proposed architecture? 00:22:43.359 --> 00:22:47.440 Uh can we agree on clear uh tests and establish whether it works? 00:22:47.759 --> 00:22:54.799 Can we um you know process eventually uh produce uh consistent results um uh with multiple units? 00:22:54.960 --> 00:23:01.759 And so um luckily for us, uh this is not a uh a recent RD project. 00:23:02.000 --> 00:23:04.000 This is built on decades of work. 00:23:04.079 --> 00:23:07.839 So we have an incredibly detailed manufacturing plan. 00:23:08.079 --> 00:23:18.720 We have very intense uh uh designs and and uh uh you know lithography uh um schematics that uh that we built um and will provide to our fab partners. 00:23:18.880 --> 00:23:39.039 Um and so it uh uh we're we're you know um pragmatic about reducing the uh the risk of uh of execution because we have a pretty uh deep bench of knowledge and uh and planning on our side of of how to actually uh uh build and scale this uh this device. 00:23:40.079 --> 00:23:40.880 That's helpful. 00:23:41.039 --> 00:23:45.119 Um so uh you know other companies are developing alternatives to GPS. 00:23:45.200 --> 00:23:49.279 Just you know, maybe you say more about how you see your approach standing out. 00:23:50.640 --> 00:23:51.119 Sure. 00:23:51.440 --> 00:23:59.039 So um we see potential in the way uh the antenna architecture could contribute to a complete autonomous system, right? 00:23:59.279 --> 00:24:02.799 Magnetic navigation um is a very important application. 00:24:02.960 --> 00:24:10.160 And there's there's a few companies that are trying to tackle magnetic navigation uh uh with other approaches and other hardware. 00:24:10.400 --> 00:24:31.039 Um the reality of what we're doing, James, is uh the idea of using uh uh you know photons and squeezing the electrical into magnetic is uh uh is the part that's incredibly unique and opens up a much wider um resiliency to said hardware. 00:24:31.440 --> 00:24:33.279 You know, how do you jam magnetic? 00:24:33.519 --> 00:24:34.720 You can't, right? 00:24:34.880 --> 00:24:40.559 And so um what uh this antenna uh does, especially because of its size as well. 00:24:40.640 --> 00:24:48.400 I mean, um when it's built, it'll be a nanometer high and and uh maybe the size of two two credit cards next to each other. 00:24:48.640 --> 00:24:54.400 And so it's um it's uh you know super tiny um uh to build. 00:24:54.960 --> 00:25:12.160 We think um the combination both of the antenna as well as obviously the operating system and uh or the the mock-up platform and control platform that uh that we're building are going to be the uh the edge that differentiate us uh uh even further. 00:25:12.319 --> 00:25:23.279 Um and I I do think it's also important to highlight um there's one other uh a couple other uses of this photomagnetic antenna um that we haven't hit. 00:25:23.599 --> 00:25:27.519 One is uh what we call quantum communications, right? 00:25:27.759 --> 00:25:40.799 So uh currently, when you have a drone that wants to communicate, whether with its uh its pilot, uh command center, or other drones, it uses a regular RF antenna, right? 00:25:40.960 --> 00:25:47.839 But when that drone wants to operate on multiple um frequencies, you need multiple antennas, right? 00:25:47.920 --> 00:25:55.440 So that's that's uh uh uh more space that the antennas are consuming, more energy. 00:25:55.680 --> 00:26:01.039 Um, and uh uh when you switch from one van to another, you hop. 00:26:01.119 --> 00:26:04.480 You have to frequency hop, which means that there's gaps, right? 00:26:04.559 --> 00:26:08.079 And those gaps can be exposed and uh and exploited. 00:26:08.400 --> 00:26:17.599 Well, with uh our antenna, it uh it is capturing its one single aperture that acts as both the receiver and a transmitter. 00:26:17.680 --> 00:26:22.720 And so, yes, we'll use it for magnetic navigation, but the antenna has other applications. 00:26:22.960 --> 00:26:26.000 One is that uh it can be used to actually communicate. 00:26:26.240 --> 00:26:39.200 So when radio frequency is jammed, you can use uh the antenna to communicate with other drones, maybe signal back home to to a you know ground to earth satellite uh apparatus. 00:26:39.359 --> 00:26:42.880

So the antenna has um uh that great application. 00:26:43.119 --> 00:26:49.200 Another one that we're working on and um is referenced in our patent is energy harvesting. 00:26:49.359 --> 00:26:53.279 So this photomagnetic antenna is obviously taking photons in, right? 00:26:53.519 --> 00:26:57.599 Um uh a great analogy to to look at is solar cells. 00:26:57.759 --> 00:27:03.279 Solar cells are obviously taking photons in and they convert it to uh uh to energy. 00:27:03.519 --> 00:27:10.160 Well, um solar cells only capture a very limited uh spectrum of the light that uh that's coming in. 00:27:10.400 --> 00:27:14.480 Our photomagnetic antenna is gonna capture a much wider array. 00:27:14.640 --> 00:27:19.119 And so we can use this to harvest energy as well. 00:27:19.519 --> 00:27:24.160 And um I do want to be careful in managing um everyone everyone's expectations. 00:27:24.319 --> 00:27:30.319 I don't mean that this uh antenna is going to replace the core power required for propulsion. 00:27:30.400 --> 00:27:32.559 You know, that's orders of magnitude more. 00:27:32.720 --> 00:27:56.160 But if you think about it in this way, if you have a device that um uh one can free up a lot of space and capacity on the drone because you don't need as much hardware, you have um uh uh this antenna that uh is also harvesting energy that can be used to maybe extend loitering time, charge some electrical components, use it for cameras, uh etc. 00:27:56.480 --> 00:28:00.079 And so it's uh it's a very versatile uh tool. 00:28:00.240 --> 00:28:14.400 There's uh a few different applications of it, but the navigation, the quantum communications, um, which by the way are compliant with uh uh the the new um national standards of post-quantum cryptography, right? 00:28:14.559 --> 00:28:23.599 So um our our comms, whether they're uh to back home or other drones, they follow uh what's called PQC um encryption. 00:28:23.839 --> 00:28:34.799 And so it uh it's a pretty interesting time, James, uh to be in this uh in this drone space, and especially the intersection that uh we're bringing to the table, which is quantum. 00:28:34.960 --> 00:28:42.240 And so uh I think that uh uh I would I would be bold enough to say that the future is pretty bright for us. 00:28:42.960 --> 00:28:47.440 That's a good segue to kind of wrap up here, just looking to the future, maybe the more near term. 00:28:47.519 --> 00:28:58.559 Like, you know, what are the kind of key milestones over the next 12, 18 months that investors should be watching for with respect to uh to uh quantum cyber and you know, kind of your your strategy is working and then you're moving forward. 00:28:58.960 --> 00:28:59.680 Yeah, yeah. 00:28:59.920 --> 00:29:04.559 So um we're working on two critical mandates on the quantum side. 00:29:04.720 --> 00:29:08.559 Um uh one is uh the antenna, right? 00:29:08.720 --> 00:29:20.240 It's it's uh defining a prototype program with the right partner, clear scope, measurable acceptance

criteria, all that, which you know we're we're deeply working on. 00:29:20.559 --> 00:29:32.079 And um uh then it's the uh uh it's the uh control application, the Maka, demonstrating that um uh it's uh it's working for swarming, right? 00:29:32.240 --> 00:29:37.599 That's the the biggest and and delivering real uh full autonomy to these drones. 00:29:38.000 --> 00:29:51.279 That um uh a lot of the the agencies and um you know uh relevant leaders that we've been talking to in the space, that's what they're interested in, you know, is full autonomy, fully autonomous drones. 00:29:51.440 --> 00:29:52.160 How do we get there? 00:29:52.240 --> 00:29:57.119 How do we we we lead in that sector um and uh stay resilient? 00:29:57.279 --> 00:30:10.319 And so I think that uh in addition to what uh the rest of the uh quantum cyber team is doing, which is focusing on the manufacturing capacity of the company and getting our facility in uh in Connecticut to scale. 00:30:10.480 --> 00:30:16.240 Um the uh the quantum technologies that we're building is um uh I think critical. 00:30:16.400 --> 00:30:28.640 The next 12 to 18 months um are gonna be an important point for us to to show um you know demonstrable evidence of our uh of our autonomous platform working as well as uh advancing in this prototype. 00:30:28.720 --> 00:30:36.720 And so I think those are some of the headlines and and uh you know milestones that um our audience can can look forward to with respect to quantum cyber. 00:30:37.279 --> 00:30:37.599 Wow. 00:30:38.000 --> 00:30:40.079 Niddy, this is uh definitely what we'll be watching. 00:30:40.160 --> 00:30:47.920 This is a really rich technology story, so many exciting themes, autonomous drones and AI, and um, and just all the technology you're bringing to bear. 00:30:48.079 --> 00:30:49.200 So thank you so much for joining us. 00:30:49.279 --> 00:30:51.599 Uh, look forward to seeing this next week from you guys. 00:30:51.680 --> 00:30:54.720 So uh I'll pass it back to uh Tim to wrap up. 00:30:55.119 --> 00:30:55.599 Thanks, James. 00:30:55.680 --> 00:30:58.400 And Niddy, I uh I concur with James's observation. 00:30:58.559 --> 00:31:01.119 Really interesting technology, as he'll vouch for. 00:31:01.200 --> 00:31:03.279 I do dozens of these kinds of podcasts. 00:31:03.440 --> 00:31:10.880 This is the first time I've ever told a speaker I'm going to go out and buy a book on the topic because that's my hands, um, because it feels like the future is coming really, really fast. 00:31:11.039 --> 00:31:15.039 So good luck with the uh commercialization and uh thanks again for joining us. 00:31:15.440 --> 00:31:16.400 Thank you so much for having me. 00:31:18.319 --> 00:31:34.000 Thank you for listening, and don't forget to subscribe, as well as visiting www watertowerresearch.com to stay up to speed on the company small cap written research reports podcasts, fireside chats, industry specific symposiums, and conference schedules. 00:31:34.480 --> 00:31:39.119 We will see you next time for another edition of the WTR Small Cap Spotlight Podcast. 00:31:39.759 --> 00:31:45.039 Finally, a special thanks to the producer and editor of the podcast, Krista Fitzpatrick.