TRANSCRIPT 🔗
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In this episode, we talk about the introduction of India's
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first hydrogen train and what makes it a major milestone
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for Indian railways. We also talk about Mission Agman, India's
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first ever attempt to use a privately developed launch vehicle
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to place a payload into the orbit. But we begin
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today with Maharashtra, where a statement on delimitation has added
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to the speculation around the Sharat Pawar led NCP's political future. Hi,
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I am Aherikan Nanda and you are listening to three
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things in an Express News show. At a time when
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speculation is swirling over the political future of Sharat Pawar's NCPSP,
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the party has made an important announcement on one of
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the Center's biggest constitutional proposals. Working Party President and Looks
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of her MP Sypria Sule has said that the NCPSP
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would support the Center's proposed delimitation build but with one
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condition that it must provide for a fifty percent increase
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in loksva seats across all states. Her remarks come at
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a time when the party is already facing questions about
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its next political move. There has been a bus that
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a section of its MLAs want to tie up with
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the BGP led NDA. So to understand what exactly has
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Supria Sule said and why is the ncpsp's position significant,
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My colleague A. Chasharma speaks to the Indian Expresses Alog
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Monday anlock.
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Most of our listeners might remember that the NCPSP had
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voted against the Center's earlier constitutional amendment will link to delimitation.
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So could you first explain how politically significant is Suprea
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Suay's recent statement?
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Okay Soupria Suay has said that her party will consider
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supporting the delimitation bill if the Center agrees to the
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amendment would be that there will be fifty percent increase
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in the seats from for all the states. Now what
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Supriya Uya has said that this was the demand raised
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by the opposition even during the budget session of the
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Parliament where they had particularly all the opposition parties had
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discussed that if that amendment is brought then there could
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be the possibility of supporting this bill. She also said
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that even Union Home Minister Ahmed Shah had said in
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the Loksova during his reply that the proceedings can be
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halted for half an hour or an hour and that
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amendment could be introduced in the build She also said
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that other opposition parties. Initially she said that it was
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even the TMC, the DMK and even the Samajuadi Party,
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they all had discussed this issue. She also said that
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initially mister Kiirin rijij who held a meeting with Zuey herself,
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that Arwin sawon from data USA and mister Osi from
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m IM about this bill. Then they are mister Rijiju
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that instead of talking to the opposition separately, there should
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be a collective meeting with all opposition parties and they
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should beleeve about this bill. And later during budget session
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the opposition discussed the bill in the entirety and they
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even talked about if the fifty percent increases brought and
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the delimitation is not made based on population alone, then
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there could be possibility of supporting this bill. But the
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existing political situation right now is pretty much different from
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what was during the budget session of the Parliament.
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Right there have been recent defections from the three now
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More Congress and Shivsena Yubiti and if recognized, the NDA's
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strength in the looks above would rise to three hundred
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and nineteen MPs, though still well shot of the required
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three sixty votes.
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Yeah, and there are speculations that few MPs from supers
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US party are willing to join the NBA. Now SUPERSUA
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statement should be seen on this track. She's just reiterating
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what happened in the budget session. The statement should be
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seen from that background, and it could be an attempt.
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It could be an attempt from NCPSP to prevent any
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of their MPs from switching
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sides.
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Right, and this key condition. You spoke of a fifty
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percent increase in seats across all states. Why has that
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become such an important demand?
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According to miss today, the delimitation bill, if it gets approved,
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there will be increase in the number of seed but
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that should not happen based on population because if that
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is made based on population, then the states in the
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southern region of our country will be at disadvantage. So
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that is why she's saying that if the increase is
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fifty percent for all states, say, for example, Marsha right
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now has forty eight LOOKSABA seats, so the fifty percent
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increase would mean forty eight plus twenty four, so that
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is seventy two. So that should be applied across states
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and that will ensure that the states in the South
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don't face any injustice, is what she's saying. But at
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the same time she's saying that this is not enough.
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The Center should also give the formula of, you know,
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redrawing the constituencies. What are the criterias that they're going
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to use. If suppose there will be increasing the number
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of seats, then obviously the constituencies will be read wrong.
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So what will be the criteria that will be used
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by the Center. There has to be absolute clarity and
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transparency about this thing. And once all these details are
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out in open, once these these days are informed to
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the opposition, then the opposition will discuss it in their
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meeting and then they will take a collective decision based
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on this an alock.
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As you mentioned earlier, the Center's proposed delimitation exercise has
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become politically contentious because many southern and western states fear
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that redistributing seats based on updated population figures could reduce
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their relative influence in parliament. Talk about how does this
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remark connect to that larger delimitation debate.
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Yeah, So what has happened is there is a kind
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of fear within the opposition camp One of the reasons
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is they are giving example of Assam. The allegations, as
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we all know, the allegations are the assembly constituencies were
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redrawn in such a manner that the electorate of those
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redrawn constituencies was you know, it was rerun in such
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a manner that it was beneficial to the ruling side.
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There is also example from the local bodies in Maharashta,
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like for example, Marsha recently had a municipal corporation elections
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and the example is from Pune where where the wards
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were redrawn, the ward boundaries were redrawn and even the
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ruling side, like corporators from ruling NCP had complained to
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then Deputy Chief Minister mister Ajitpawar that the wards are
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redrun in such a mander that I cannot win the
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ward at end cost. There was this leader called who
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had complained it to as It persuing that it is
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impossible for me to win this one. And this is
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how the entire exercise has been carried out. So these
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examples are the reasons why opposition is kind of skeptical
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and also feels that the lack of trust is one
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of the reasons why opposition is very skeptical about this.
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The lack of trust on the ruling party is why
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the opposition thinks that this exercise should be reviewed very
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very very careful and alock.
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We understand Sorey's remarks also come at a time when
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there is intense speculation over the future of the party.
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And if we see the numbers, the NCPSP isn't actually
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a large party numerically, so why has its position become
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so important?
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As we know that the bill was defeated during the
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budget session because the ruling NBA did not have two
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third majority. Now, since then, you know, many of the
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tmcmps have come to the ruling side that there's a
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split in TAM, there is split in the issuation and
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the UBT. So the opposition sees this as an attempt
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from the ruling side to ensure that two third
majority
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is ready with them and they can pass the bill
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at any cost. Now, even though there are only ten
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MLAs of NCPSP in Maharashtra after twenty twenty four Assembly reations,
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there are eight MPs and these eight MPs hold very
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crucial power right now because the ruling side requires as
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many looks of the MPs as possible on their side
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to ensure that this bill gets passed easily. And that
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is why we are seeing that this thing, the pressure
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tactics are being used the kind of importance that even
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the small number like eight MPs is you know to
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the NCPY side. And again there are speculations about what
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SP will do, what BMK will do. So that is
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why every opposition party is you know, very concerned about
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their MPs. This is what is happening right now.
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And given that the government is expected to introduce h
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legislation during the monsoon session, what would be your watch
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points for the parliament and the NCPSP.
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Yeah, as you know, the ruling side hasn't yet officially
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announced that they will brain delimitation pill. The opposition has
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however clarified their Now when we are talking about NCPSP,
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one of the reasons that, as we discussed just earlier,
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that there's a possibility of MPs switching over. Now this
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could be an attempt from MCPSP to send a message
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to their MPs that you don't need to go to
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any or form any separate group just to support NDA.
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That there could be a decision from our side itself
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that we will support this bill, So it could be
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an attempt from the inside to stop their MPs from
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going anywhere. And I think this will just you know,
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believe it intensified once when and if that official announcement
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for the ruling side comes.
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And next we turn to a major milestone for Indian railways. Today,
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Prime Ministernary in Remodi is scheduled to flag off India's
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first hydrogen parts train from Genes in Haryana. The train
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will travel eighty nine kilometers to Sony Path at an
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operational speed of seventy five kilometers per hour. Its launch
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marks a significant step in Indian railways pushed towards greener transport,
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with hydrogen part technology being adopted by only a handful
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of countries so far. The train is also set to
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be one of the world's longest and most powerful hydrogen trains,
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with eight passenger coaches and two driving park cars. To
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learn more about the technology and how it is an
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environmental friendly option, we speak to the Indian Expresses. Theresh
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Mishraj begin by telling us about this new hydrogen train
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and the technology.
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Yeah, so hydrogen train is a very interesting I mean,
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the India is adopting the advanced technologies that is being
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accepted that is being put into the operation in some
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of the higher bigger economies of the world like many Japan, China, US.
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So hydrogen is one of the most cleanest fuel that
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is into the system so far. And this will be
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the first hydrogen train of the country and also one
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of the longest and the most powerful hydrogen train across
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the world. So currently it's a total ten car train,
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eight car for the passengers and two car which is
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the power car which will drive the train. And it's
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not completely new, I mean the rake are not completely
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it's modified version of earlier de more train existing. So
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the railways they have changed the diesel system from the
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car with this hydrogen system. So it's a very important
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technology where India have ventured. So the first train will
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be flagged off between Gene and Sony Put in Hariyana.
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And the maximum speed of this hydrogen train is seventy
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kilometers per hour and it has a seating capacity of
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six eighty two passengers, but of course I mean more
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passengers can board the train and in a day the
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train will cover the two round trips, so two round
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trip
eighty nine kilometers to round remit would be three
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fifty six kilometers, so in a day the train will
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consume three hundred kilogram of hydrogen.
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And we understand that this technology was first introduced in
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twenty sixteen, and like you mentioned, there are certain countries
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which have adopted this particular technology.
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So can you tell us.
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About the first ever hydrogen train that was developed.
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So the world's first hydrogen train was launched in Germany
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in twenty eighteen. So before launching the train in twenty eighteen,
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the Helstorm pregentered this technology in an exhibition in twenty
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sixteen in Berlin. So after that this train was on
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but it's a very small so two car train. Only
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after this the Japan, China and US they also launched
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their own train. But again, like I said that, you know,
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this technology is at very nascent stage and it is
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still evolving to catter the mass transportation of passengers and freight.
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This is the reason that currently very few countries have it.
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And whosoever have these hydrogen train they cover very small
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short trips in a way, it is under research and
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there are a lot of research and a lot of
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trials are happening for longer trips.
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And can you walk us through how a hydrogen train
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works exactly.
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See, the hydrogen train will have two power cars, one
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at the front and second at the back. So the
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power car will have two integrating systems, one fuel cell
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and another will be the battery battery. It is a
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lithium ferrophosphate battery. So what will happen The fuel cell
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is full cell. It has been exported from a Canadian company, Ballard.
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And what will fuel cell do? Full It will take.
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The hydrogen from the onboard storage system and then it
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will take you oxygen from the outside and kind of
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combining and with the chemical reaction it.
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Will release the energy.
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So it will release the electrical energy. So every power
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car will have four power packs, and four power pack
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in one power car will produce.
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The energy of twelve hundred kilowat.
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And because since the train will have two power car
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on either side, so together they will have an electrical energy.
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Of twenty four hundred kilowat.
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So the hydrogen train will not require these caternary wires
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which we see on these usual trains.
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So this is how this thing will work.
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But if the train is essentially powered by hydrogen, why
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does it require a battery?
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Interestingly, a lot of people have this question that you
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know what happens the will sell.
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It releases a constant energy. It doesn't changes with the
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speed of the train.
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But the train will require different level of electrical energy
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at its different speed.
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So what will happen.
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The excess electrical energy of the will sell will go
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into charging the battery.
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Later after maybe few kilometers, when the train.
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Will be on the higher speed and it will require
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much more electrical energy and will surpass the energy being
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released from the fuel cell. Then the battery will kick in,
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so the electrical energy from the battery will be over
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an ubob of the energy being.
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Released from the field set.
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Now both systems will come into play and provide energy.
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But later when let's say the train will be approaching
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the station, so it's speed will automatically or be sovial
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that it will reduce. So when it will reduce, now
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it will require lower energy and then the power system
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from the battery will cut off. A fuel cell will
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keep providing the electricity and the additional electricity at that
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point of from the field cell will go back to
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again to the battery charging the battery. So in this process,
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so
if a train will complete its complete circuit from
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one place to another, eighty percent of the battery will
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be remain.
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Charged and the reach. Can you tell us about the
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initiation of this project, how it went ahead and how
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do it reach is fruition.
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So the first time this project was approved in the
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financial year of twenty one twenty two. So after twenty
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twenty two, this tendard was awarded to a company, the
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Hydrabad Company in Meidha.
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So that company has transformed the existing DEMU rates into
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this hydrogen train and by replacing this whole diesel system
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with this hydrogen propulsion system.
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So it required a number of approval because hydrogen is
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an highly inflammable thing. So there is this organization grant,
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the Petroleum and Explosive Safety Organization PISO, so it granted
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for creating a hydrogen facility in Gene. So the hydrogen
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facility of three thousand kilogram of hydrogen has been created
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in Gene. So this approval was granted by PSO in May.
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And then for every railway operation there is this Chief
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Commissioner of Railway Safety. They grant the final approval before
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the train can run or before.
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Line can be commissioned.
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So that has also happened in May and after this
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Ministry of Railways has sanctioned, you know, they allowed the
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operation of the train. There is this one independent third
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party set which is the TUV SUD, this German company.
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So they have looked into.
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All the safety as standard and everything and they have
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kind of certified that, you know, everything is okay and
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now the train can be operated.
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Right and there is what kind of challenges we're phaced
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in the process of adopting this technology.
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So, like I said, it's very clear fuel. It's very
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good for the environment. Purpose that India is now moving
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ahead with the new technology and hydrogen train. But you
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know the use of hyhitrogen for a train, it's very
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very challenging. I mean railways is figuring out to kind
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of expand this to carry more passenger and all. But
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see hydrogen, it's a very unique element in the periodic table.
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Hydrogen is number one. It's a very highly flammable element. Second,
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it has to be kept at a very very high pressure.
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So general normal atmosphereic pressure of power surrounding it is
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one bar, but hydrogen has to be kept between two
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hundred to five hundred bar, so which is ugan imagining.
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It's very much very high pressure and it is done
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to stop I mean, so that no accidents happen, you know,
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like fire and all.
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So the challenges is that how will.
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Hydrogen be transported, how will be supplied and will the
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hydrogen clain be able to carry much more passage?
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Will it be deployed in the.
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Suburban system like Mumbai or maybe Bangalore or maybe Billy
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or other suburban cities. So this gene the facility where
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hydrogen will be stored three thousand kilogramm hydrogen all the time.
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It is very interesting.
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I mean it's the first of its kying facility in
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the country where over twenty three hundred kg of hydrogen
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will be stored at a two hundred bar pressure and
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six eighty kg of hydrogen will be stored in five
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hundred bar pressure. And then there is this chiller plant
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also on that facility to keep the hamperature of the
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hydrogen minus fifteen degrees celsiyes so that dispensing can be done,
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so that you know the transfer of hydrogen from the
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plant to the cylinders, which will you put on on
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board or train?
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Right?
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And can we expect this technology to expand in India?
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Can we expect more hydrogen trains to be developed in
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our country in the upcoming years.
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See this thing, I mean the future of training. It
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can't be said very clearly.
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00:19:30.079
I ask these questions to a number of officials and
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that said that a lot of things will depend on
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the performance of this first train. So if the first
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train does work very well, then other projects will be
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taken up. So far, the railways have not announced anything
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any next hydrogen train.
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Number on number two.
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The production of hydrogen is low in India compared to
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other parts of the world. And production of hydrogen and
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then it's transportation system it's not also that very much
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efficient that you know, like you would have seen that
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they are now tankers of LPG, bankers of petroleum, different
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petroleum products we see.
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But hydrogen, you know, it's very difficult, very challenging also,
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so you know.
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Production and transportation, these are the key things that have
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to be figured it out by the rebase yet.
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And in the end we talk about Indian space. Next
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startup Skyroot Aerospace attempting the first orbital launch of its
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indigenously developed rocket vicram Ie on Saturday, eighteenth July at
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eleven am from the country's premier spaceport at the Satish
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Thavan Space Center in Sri Jarrakota. The Indian Expresses and
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another reported that the mission is named Agman, which means arrival,
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and marks a milestone for India's private space sector as
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this is the nation's first ever attempt to place a
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payload into the orbit using a completely privately developed launch vehicle.
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According to Skyrout Aerospace, necessary airspace and maritime notices have
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been issued established restricted zones during the launch window. Co
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founder and CEO of the company, Pawn Komartana said that
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even in the first flight, the company is going to
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get valuable data and that this launch will be foundational
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to Skyroot's aspirations of establishing launch cadence. In its first flight,
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Vikim one will carry several technology demonstrations from the Indian
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Earth Observation
nanosatellite maker Grihaspace, Indian space debris removal company,
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cosmoserv space component developer Decubed, and its own scope satellite
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which will collect important flight data. Aside from this, Victim
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one will also carry a diamond art piece called Cosmic
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Bloom from Cosmos Diamonds and a micro art piece. Co
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founder and CEO of the company, Nagabarataka said that they
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would want to see how the technology that they have
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developed over years performs in real world conditions. They also
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plan to improve and build further based on the data collected.
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The launcher, Wikram one has been named in honor of
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doctor Viktim Sarabah, the father of India's space program. It
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is seven stories tall and has been engineered to deliver
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small satellites weighing up to three fifty kgs to low
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Earth orbit.
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Or l EO.
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For this launch, it is targeting a four to fifty
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kilometers orbit at a sixty degree inclination. Anona rights that,
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alongside sky routes, VICTROM one, Indian Space Research Organization or
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ISRO's own small satellite launch vehicle, and Agnikol's under development rockets,
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are set to expand India's capability to launch satellites in
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this region of space. This is significant given the increasing
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number of companies developing small satellites intended for low Earth orbit,
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such as the fleets of internet providers Starlink and one Web. ISRO,
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along with sharing its SSLv technology with the industry, has
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also shared its workhorse PSLV. The Space Agency is also
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working to share the technology for its heavier LVM three
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with private players, enabling them to manufacture it for ISRO
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and provide launch services to other global players. You were
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00:23:02.319 --> 00:23:06.039
listening to Three Things by the Indian Express. Today's episode
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00:23:06.200 --> 00:23:09.759
was edited and mixed by Surish Babar and produced by
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00:23:09.920 --> 00:23:13.720
Ichasharma and me Niharikananda. If you like the show, then
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00:23:13.759 --> 00:23:16.880
do subscribe to us wherever you get your podcasts. You
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00:23:16.880 --> 00:23:19.000
can also recommend the show to someone you think we'll
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like it, share it with a friend or someone in
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your family. It's the best way for people to get
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to know about us. You can also tweet us at
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Express podcast and write to us at podcasts at Indianexpress
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dot com.