Transkrip lengkap untuk EP:401 | [Timely Classic 102 ] Jack Miner Duck Bands

Ryan quest once before from Drake Waterfowl. 00:01:46.879 --> 00:01:48.640 And it took us what, three months to recover. 00:01:50.560 --> 00:01:51.040 That's right. 00:01:51.280 --> 00:01:59.599 So Jim, as we discussed uh that that last time, has brought a guest with him, and uh we're real excited to have Ryan ask you. 00:01:59.680 --> 00:02:00.799 And and Ryan Askren. 00:02:01.040 --> 00:02:01.519 Askren. 00:02:01.920 --> 00:02:04.079 We're real excited to have Ryan Askren. 00:02:04.480 --> 00:02:04.959 He was just so excited. 00:02:05.280 --> 00:02:08.719 Not the ones that's gonna say, hey, can we ask you these questions? 00:02:08.960 --> 00:02:14.159 And so he just Bobby is notorious for asking somebody how to pronounce their name and then still messing it up. 00:02:14.479 --> 00:02:14.960 I am, yeah. 00:02:15.520 --> 00:02:17.120 Well you you have that on a big job. 00:02:17.360 --> 00:02:18.400 I I did that earlier. 00:02:18.479 --> 00:02:19.840 I said, how do you pronounce your name? 00:02:19.919 --> 00:02:21.120 And I've still messed it up. 00:02:21.280 --> 00:02:23.039 So I don't know what's the matter with me there. 00:02:23.439 --> 00:02:24.560 The spirit of Uncle Bud. 00:02:25.360 --> 00:02:26.000 Hey, there you go. 00:02:26.560 --> 00:02:27.919 Tell us a little bit about yourself. 00:02:28.080 --> 00:02:31.439 You're a biologist, or and you you've you're interested in a lot of things we are. 00:02:31.759 --> 00:02:33.599 Yeah, I think he's an ecologist, isn't he? 00:02:33.919 --> 00:02:36.400 Waterfowl ecologist, is is what I would call myself. 00:02:36.560 --> 00:02:37.599 So not a biologist. 00:02:38.159 --> 00:02:42.080 Well, they're roughly the same, but more interested in how animals are interacting with animals. 00:02:42.319 --> 00:02:43.199 Labels, labels, Bob. 00:02:43.520 --> 00:02:44.159 Yeah, that's right. 00:02:44.400 --> 00:02:44.479 Okay. 00:02:46.080 --> 00:02:49.439 It's the wisdom, the knowledge, the insight, the experience. 00:02:49.840 --> 00:02:50.960 Not the not the labels. 00:02:51.360 --> 00:02:52.000 Thank you, Mr. 00:02:52.240 --> 00:02:52.560 Noato. 00:02:53.120 --> 00:02:53.599 Well, you're welcome. 00:02:53.759 --> 00:02:54.159 You're welcome. 00:02:54.319 --> 00:02:56.400 Thank you for addressing me like that. 00:02:56.719 --> 00:03:02.000 So we uh uh look, you're from Arkansas, uh the the Arkansas Monticello, is that right? 00:03:02.159 --> 00:03:04.159 And you're you're uh what all do you do? 00:03:04.479 --> 00:03:06.159 Yeah, so I'm a researcher instructor. 00:03:06.240 --> 00:03:12.159 I'm working for the Five Oaks Ag Research and Education Center uh through the University of Arkansas Monticello. 00:03:12.400 --> 00:03:23.680 So it's just a private-public kind of partnership with uh Five Oaks Duck Hunting Lodge with the university, uh really getting at some some waterfowl and waterfowl habitat questions. 00:03:24.479 --> 00:03:32.000 Well, when we were preparing for this, Lanny, if you remember, what

you know, we've got redheaded Rob over here that was working and helping us in it. 00:03:32.159 --> 00:03:35.759 And he put some questions out on the social media. 00:03:35.919 --> 00:03:37.280 And I I was so impressed. 00:03:37.520 --> 00:03:39.759 Our listeners asked some fantastic questions. 00:03:40.000 --> 00:03:41.599 I mean, they really we got some smart listeners. 00:03:41.680 --> 00:03:41.919 No doubt. 00:03:42.080 --> 00:03:48.560 I don't know that we're gonna have time to answer all these questions, but one of them was what's the difference in a biologist and an ecologist? 00:03:49.039 --> 00:03:50.560 Yeah, that's that's a good question. 00:03:50.639 --> 00:04:04.240 I'm not sure I have a great answer, but yeah, ecologists are really more interested in the relationship of of the kind of organism, the animal, with the environment, interacting with the environment, whereas uh biology kind of implies more focused on that organism. 00:04:05.039 --> 00:04:05.199 Okay. 00:04:06.400 --> 00:04:06.960 That's a good answer. 00:04:07.199 --> 00:04:11.039 I was gonna say the difference was like an E and a C versus a B and a I. 00:04:11.919 --> 00:04:12.560 That too. 00:04:12.879 --> 00:04:14.960 Yeah, it's just uh it's uh one of those ologies. 00:04:15.520 --> 00:04:20.480 That's the kind of question you get in college where you have to write the exact definition down of each. 00:04:20.800 --> 00:04:22.720 Yeah, and that's why I didn't do very well. 00:04:23.120 --> 00:04:25.279 That's one of those classes I didn't do in Quellin either. 00:04:25.680 --> 00:04:30.399 Well, we're gonna we're gonna talk about uh migrations, we're gonna ask you about some red oak issues. 00:04:30.560 --> 00:04:31.839 We've got a lot to talk about. 00:04:32.000 --> 00:04:36.720 So uh so before we get this thing started, Mike, you uh uh over there are you texting? 00:04:36.879 --> 00:04:38.240 What do you got going on over there? 00:04:38.319 --> 00:04:39.839 But weather. 00:04:40.560 --> 00:04:41.439 Well, that's a good thing to do. 00:04:41.680 --> 00:04:44.639 Speaking of weather, if look if we don't get some rain. 00:04:45.360 --> 00:04:46.319 Don't talk about it. 00:04:46.560 --> 00:04:48.319 We've got good things on the horizon. 00:04:48.399 --> 00:04:49.199 Don't talk about it. 00:04:49.439 --> 00:04:54.319 Boy, it's when your team has got a one-run lead in the ninth, do you talk about it? 00:04:54.399 --> 00:04:56.560 Does your pitcher got a no-hitter in the seventh? 00:04:56.639 --> 00:04:57.680 Do you talk about it? 00:04:57.920 --> 00:04:59.680 Don't talk about rainfall today. 00:04:59.920 --> 00:05:00.399 We've got a hundred. 00:05:00.720 --> 00:05:01.040 That's it. 00:05:01.120 --> 00:05:02.319 No more, no more to talk about it. 00:05:02.639 --> 00:05:03.360 You were right, penalty. 00:05:03.759 --> 00:05:04.480 Good gracious, boss. 00:05:04.800 --> 00:05:10.639 So, Mac, would you uh well we've got a commercial with that this podcast is brought to you by who? 00:05:10.800 --> 00:05:11.839 Apex Ammunition. 00:05:11.920 --> 00:05:13.519 Oh, my buddy is in Columbus. 00:05:14.639 --> 00:05:19.759 We talk about saving the ducks and duck habitat, but we also we we also like shooting ducks too. 00:05:19.839 --> 00:05:27.279 And so they've they've actually partnered with Mossy Oak on this with the Shattergrass Habitat Blend, which is still over tungsten. 00:05:27.519 --> 00:05:29.040 Uh the box is super cool. 00:05:29.120 --> 00:05:31.600 I mean, they they make a superior product. 00:05:31.759 --> 00:05:36.160 I mean, it's all hand loaded uh right across the river from us over here in West Point. 00:05:36.240 --> 00:05:37.920 I mean, they're just great people, veteran-owned. 00:05:38.160 --> 00:05:41.120 Uh, and they're I mean, I think their shells speak for themselves. 00:05:41.519 --> 00:05:42.639 Look, their shells are awesome. 00:05:42.720 --> 00:05:44.879 Hey, you shoot better with them, so I mean, it makes you a better one. 00:05:44.959 --> 00:05:47.360 I you know, I've seen Lanny be able to hit more ducks with them. 00:05:47.439 --> 00:05:48.399 That's for sure. 00:05:49.199 --> 00:05:53.120 If they are just as aimed, then they're worth the stuff. 00:05:53.279 --> 00:05:55.040 Hey, showtime's coming up, buddy. 00:05:55.199 --> 00:05:55.920 Yeah, Bobby. 00:05:56.160 --> 00:05:56.720 It is down there. 00:05:56.959 --> 00:05:59.199 I can't we always have so much fun. 00:05:59.519 --> 00:05:59.920 Yeah, we do. 00:06:00.240 --> 00:06:04.079 That that's uh the the apex ammunition guys, if you hadn't tried it, it's worth it. 00:06:04.319 --> 00:06:04.959 It's amazing. 00:06:05.199 --> 00:06:06.319 I can vouch for it. 00:06:06.480 --> 00:06:12.639 I've used it in Canada, shot open weekend specs this past weekend, and it is amazing what that load will do. 00:06:12.879 --> 00:06:14.319 Toxie, did your phone ring? 00:06:14.480 --> 00:06:15.759 The phone buff. 00:06:15.839 --> 00:06:18.000 Oh to go to go to Canada? 00:06:18.319 --> 00:06:20.560 No, not it not to Ohio also either. 00:06:20.800 --> 00:06:21.680 Oh yeah. 00:06:22.240 --> 00:06:22.800 I was there too. 00:06:22.959 --> 00:06:24.800 He has already like it. 00:06:24.959 --> 00:06:31.680 Yeah, behind our back were some of our co-workers, some of our closest brethren have shattered feathers with him already. 00:06:32.000 --> 00:06:33.199 Well, I know who you're talking about. 00:06:33.439 --> 00:06:38.079 Yeah, I think he prevented that brethren from being on the podcast last week, as a matter of fact. 00:06:38.399 --> 00:06:38.480 Good. 00:06:38.639 --> 00:06:40.319 I'm sure that's exactly when it went down. 00:06:40.720 --> 00:06:42.240 Highly possible, highly possible. 00:06:42.319 --> 00:06:44.800 But I was a guest also, so I had nothing to say on it. 00:06:46.560 --> 00:06:47.680 You could have said no. 00:06:47.920 --> 00:06:48.879 Well, I could have had. 00:06:49.120 --> 00:06:50.480 Well, did y'all have a good hunt? 00:06:50.720 -->

00:06:51.199 We did. 00:06:51.360 --> 00:06:51.680 We did. 00:06:51.759 --> 00:06:52.560 We had a great hunt. 00:06:53.120 --> 00:07:01.519 As a matter of fact, it's you don't think of northern Ohio as a waterfowling hotspot along the coast of Mars and the Great Lakes, but it was amazing. 00:07:02.319 --> 00:07:02.800 Very amazing. 00:07:03.040 --> 00:07:03.439 Quite good. 00:07:03.680 --> 00:07:04.000 Quite good. 00:07:04.240 --> 00:07:08.000 Any jack minor bands in the No Jack Miner bands, but I was looking for one. 00:07:08.160 --> 00:07:09.279 We killed a couple black ducks. 00:07:09.439 --> 00:07:12.959 Pentails were you had to be careful not to shoot too many pentails. 00:07:13.120 --> 00:07:14.399 Um and it was really good. 00:07:14.720 --> 00:07:15.439 Those black ducks. 00:07:15.600 --> 00:07:21.439 Taxi, I always think about you said that when when I first moved here, you said we used to kill black ducks all the time. 00:07:21.920 --> 00:07:23.680 They were just almost as much as mallards. 00:07:23.759 --> 00:07:23.839 Yeah. 00:07:24.000 --> 00:07:25.120 I wonder what happened with that. 00:07:26.079 --> 00:07:27.120 No, I remember it too. 00:07:27.360 --> 00:07:31.040 Well, maybe we can get into the 80s. 00:07:31.279 --> 00:07:32.480 There were lots of them around here. 00:07:32.560 --> 00:07:34.319 I mean you'd see them every time you went. 00:07:34.560 --> 00:07:36.319 I think the first duck I killed was black duck. 00:07:36.560 --> 00:07:42.079 Going back, the apex ammunition these guys put in the ammunition. 00:07:42.240 --> 00:07:43.920 I mean, the studies they're doing with this stuff. 00:07:44.160 --> 00:07:45.839 I mean, next level, so yeah. 00:07:46.079 --> 00:07:46.560 Good stuff. 00:07:46.720 --> 00:07:51.040 So moving on to blood on the biologic, there was one uh thing I wanted to point out. 00:07:51.199 --> 00:07:59.759 The state of Georgia has now made it legal to harvest or kill whatever you manage raccoons 12 months out of the year. 00:08:00.000 --> 00:08:00.399 So good. 00:08:00.639 --> 00:08:03.199 Uh that's that's a step in the right direction for our turkeys. 00:08:03.439 --> 00:08:08.079 And uh yeah, I don't think I realized you couldn't kill a turkey twelve months. 00:08:08.160 --> 00:08:09.439 I mean to kill a raccoon twelve months. 00:08:09.680 --> 00:08:12.399 I hope you can't by I didn't realize. 00:08:12.560 --> 00:08:14.319 So it how in Mississippi. 00:08:14.639 --> 00:08:23.519 Some states, I know I remember hearing the podcast that Cuzz did with Chuck, and he's like, that's one of the first things he did when he kind of took over in Alabama. 00:08:23.600 --> 00:08:24.800 So I know that one's okay. 00:08:24.879 --> 00:08:26.480 I'm not sure about Mississippi. 00:08:26.560 --> 00:08:26.879 Yeah. 00:08:27.040 --> 00:08:30.319 I think they still have limitations, but there shouldn't be. 00:08:30.560 --> 00:08:32.240 Well, hats off to Georgia for doing that. 00:08:32.320 --> 00:08:35.759 And then Chuck, if you

did that at Al in Alabama, hats off to you there. 00:08:36.159 --> 00:08:41.679 Terry Drury guys killed a deer this past week that's the biggest deer he's ever, and that's saying so. 00:08:42.159 --> 00:08:42.639 That's the statement. 00:08:42.799 --> 00:08:43.600 That is saying something. 00:08:43.919 --> 00:08:46.240 Yeah, if it's a dreary, it's biggest ever, it's big. 00:08:46.480 --> 00:08:46.879 It's big. 00:08:47.679 --> 00:08:50.159 239 pounds after it was dressed. 00:08:50.240 --> 00:08:50.480 Wow. 00:08:50.559 --> 00:08:52.080 He it pushing 300 pounds. 00:08:52.159 --> 00:08:53.840 He he referred to it as a slob. 00:08:54.320 --> 00:08:58.159 When you said 239, I was fixing to hear net or something after that. 00:08:58.320 --> 00:08:58.879 I was like, what? 00:08:59.120 --> 00:09:00.639 Yeah, I don't know what the score. 00:09:00.799 --> 00:09:01.519 I don't know what it scored. 00:09:01.919 --> 00:09:03.919 Yeah, when you say slob, it it's a big deer. 00:09:04.240 --> 00:09:05.200 It was a big deer. 00:09:05.360 --> 00:09:05.600 Wow. 00:09:05.679 --> 00:09:06.639 So congrats to him. 00:09:06.799 --> 00:09:08.639 And there's a guy I wanted to give a shout out. 00:09:08.720 --> 00:09:11.200 I don't know this guy, but I like the way he's thinking. 00:09:11.279 --> 00:09:18.480 There's a guy in Minnesota that that uh caught the state record muskie and he released it. 00:09:18.720 --> 00:09:25.919 And I uh he measured it, and now some of these states are allowing people to measure fish and then release so the fish doesn't have to be killed like it used to have to be. 00:09:26.159 --> 00:09:26.240 Wow. 00:09:26.480 --> 00:09:30.000 So I wanted to shout out to uh uh Minnesota for allowing that. 00:09:30.080 --> 00:09:32.559 And this guy, his name uh is Eric Back. 00:09:32.799 --> 00:09:38.960 He caught a 58 and a half inch muskie uh and and measured it, did everything right, and then released it. 00:09:39.039 --> 00:09:41.120 So nice congrats. 00:09:41.279 --> 00:09:41.679 Yeah. 00:09:41.840 --> 00:09:47.279 That's that's uh most fishermen in there cut catch a 58-inch muskie, they're gonna eat it. 00:09:47.840 --> 00:09:52.639 You know, they catch a south four-inch musky, they're gonna eat it right there or a fish. 00:09:52.879 --> 00:09:53.039 Yeah. 00:09:53.360 --> 00:09:55.840 Dudley, you got anything to add to the blood on the biologic? 00:09:55.919 --> 00:09:57.279 Uh, Landy, you got anything? 00:09:57.440 --> 00:09:58.080 Uh Sam. 00:09:58.240 --> 00:09:59.440 Sam Collers on the board. 00:09:59.679 --> 00:10:00.000 He's sure. 00:10:00.639 --> 00:10:00.720 Yeah. 00:10:00.960 --> 00:10:01.440 Ghost Sam. 00:10:02.240 --> 00:10:02.559 Imagine that. 00:10:02.639 --> 00:10:03.200 Yeah, imagine that. 00:10:03.279 --> 00:10:04.399 He's got a pretty good spot up there. 00:10:04.559 --> 00:10:05.440 I'd say. 00:10:06.240 --> 00:10:08.320 So gotta give a shout-out to Sam. 00:10:08.480 --> 00:10:09.519 Deer had some cool characters. 00:10:09.679 -->

00:10:10.240 What do you call it? 00:10:10.320 --> 00:10:11.519 The turkey foot buck or something? 00:10:11.679 --> 00:10:12.559 Yeah, turkey foot buck. 00:10:12.799 --> 00:10:14.480 Turkey foot buck, so yeah. 00:10:14.639 --> 00:10:16.000 So wish those guys well. 00:10:16.240 --> 00:10:16.480 Sure. 00:10:16.639 --> 00:10:19.840 All right, before we start asking questions, one more thing I want to point out, Landy. 00:10:19.919 --> 00:10:22.879 Can you tell me about this boatload of chips thing that's going on? 00:10:23.200 --> 00:10:27.519 Man, look, we've got a great uh promotion going on with our partners at Uncle Ray's and Sea Arch. 00:10:27.679 --> 00:10:30.879 So they're giving away a boatload of chips, literally, so it's a Sea Arc. 00:10:30.960 --> 00:10:33.440 It's got a Suzuki 25 on it, I believe. 00:10:33.519 --> 00:10:37.440 Uh, of course, better in Bottom Land, all tricked out in Bottom Land, and it comes with a bunch of chips. 00:10:37.519 --> 00:10:39.440 So uh run themalseyoak.com. 00:10:39.519 --> 00:10:42.240 You can see the landing page there to get entered uh to win. 00:10:42.639 --> 00:10:49.759 Yeah, and I mean I have to shout out to Uncle Ray's not only a great promotional partner, great business people, they make a great product. 00:10:50.080 --> 00:10:51.679 I I just ate a half a bag before I came in. 00:10:52.399 --> 00:10:59.120 Honestly, when the samples came in, I mean, you know, I was expecting, you know, that it'd be pretty good. 00:10:59.279 --> 00:11:01.840 Yeah, whatever, but they are really, really good potato chips. 00:11:02.559 --> 00:11:03.679 So I have to give them a shout out. 00:11:04.000 --> 00:11:07.679 And I'm a actually I gave up potato chips for Lent Land. 00:11:08.080 --> 00:11:10.879 That's how addicted I am everyday potato chip guy. 00:11:10.960 --> 00:11:13.519 So you like the obsessed or the bottom line barbecue? 00:11:14.000 --> 00:11:14.480 Yeah, the all chip. 00:11:14.639 --> 00:11:16.159 You like them all the obsessed all dress, yeah. 00:11:16.639 --> 00:11:16.960 The all dress. 00:11:17.120 --> 00:11:18.559 The bott the barbecue's great. 00:11:18.639 --> 00:11:18.879 Yeah. 00:11:19.039 --> 00:11:20.799 But those all dressed are and they're unique. 00:11:21.120 --> 00:11:23.279 Yeah, they're delicious if you can find them somewhere. 00:11:23.519 --> 00:11:25.120 I like the home with some. 00:11:25.360 --> 00:11:26.159 Yeah, there you go. 00:11:26.399 --> 00:11:28.639 Yeah, Ryan, we'll get you some rubber. 00:11:30.080 --> 00:11:31.039 Yeah, we sure we sure will. 00:11:31.200 --> 00:11:33.600 So, Mac, I want you to pay attention, need you to join in. 00:11:33.679 --> 00:11:35.600 You're a very you inquisitive person. 00:11:35.759 --> 00:11:38.000 But so let's get this thing started. 00:11:38.080 --> 00:11:42.000 Uh I'd like to start with understanding the migration a little bit. 00:11:42.080 --> 00:11:47.679 And when these ducks start coming south, is it but what what makes them decide to do so? 00:11:47.840 --> 00:11:49.039 Is it the length of the day? 00:11:49.120 --> 00:11:50.480 Or what can you explain that, please? 00:11:50.720 --> 00:11:51.120 Yeah, yeah. 00:11:51.200 --> 00:11:58.960 So a lot of it's it's and we talk in in kind of straight lines a lot, but nature never works in straight lines, so this is kind of a generalization. 00:11:59.039 --> 00:12:06.080 But a lot of it's photo periods, so they're sensing the day length and and figuring out uh getting ready, kind of staging, prepping for that migration. 00:12:06.159 --> 00:12:10.240 But then the actual immediate cue a lot of times is is weather changes. 00:12:10.320 --> 00:12:11.440 Uh that's right now. 00:12:11.519 --> 00:12:13.840 I mean, it's gonna be like what, 80 degrees here today? 00:12:14.159 --> 00:12:15.360 Yeah, or just not seeing. 00:12:15.440 --> 00:12:20.879 We've got a bunch of transmitters up in in Canada and North Dakota, and they're just they're hanging out, they're they're warm and happy right now. 00:12:21.279 --> 00:12:22.399 I don't blame us pretty hot yesterday. 00:12:23.279 --> 00:12:25.600 Yeah, I would I wouldn't want to be down here if I were a mallet duck yet. 00:12:25.759 --> 00:12:26.879 Food plots appreciated though. 00:12:26.960 --> 00:12:27.279 So yeah. 00:12:27.519 --> 00:12:36.639 Do they wait as long as they can in in terms of staging with other ducks, or does it that freeze up there? 00:12:36.799 --> 00:12:39.519 Does uh you said photo period, so I I'm listening. 00:12:39.679 --> 00:12:40.799 I'm not paying attention to that. 00:12:40.879 --> 00:12:44.240 But yep, so we we have some that are gonna move with that photo period. 00:12:44.320 --> 00:12:44.720 Uh Mr. 00:12:44.799 --> 00:12:51.759 Jody Pagan always calls them Halloween ducks, so usually we get a good push from Allards into Arkansas uh right around Halloween, right around now. 00:12:51.919 --> 00:12:55.440 Uh so they're kind of coming no matter what, whether it's freezing up there or not. 00:12:55.600 --> 00:12:58.320 And then there's there's just a gradient in between that. 00:12:58.399 --> 00:13:05.600 So there are some that are gonna stay up there till freeze up, till they get snow on the ground, and and there's some that are just gonna kind of start trickling down on their own. 00:13:05.679 --> 00:13:07.679 So it's it's the whole spectrum. 00:13:08.159 --> 00:13:15.200 There's also a got a buddy of mine has an opinion on the halfway point between the fall equinox and the winter solstice. 00:13:15.279 --> 00:13:23.679 That that photo period time right there creates it and he can pick it on his farm year to year, he always gets a big influx of ducks and geese at that same time. 00:13:23.759 --> 00:13:26.320 So I think that's all calendar-driven to some degree. 00:13:26.559 --> 00:13:30.000 Weather pushes that somewhat, Ryan, and I talked about it all the way over here. 00:13:30.159 --> 00:13:33.279 The the difference between photo period and how weather helps drive that.

00:13:34.159 --> 00:13:34.480 Interesting. 00:13:34.799 --> 00:13:36.480 So can you explain what you're talking about? 00:13:36.559 --> 00:13:37.919 Just you went through that show. 00:13:39.759 --> 00:13:40.480 I know, no, no, no. 00:13:41.440 --> 00:13:42.320 What would the date be this year? 00:13:42.639 --> 00:13:43.279 What is the date of that? 00:13:43.360 --> 00:13:44.080 I'd have to look at it. 00:13:45.039 --> 00:13:55.120 So I was I was looking at our transmitter movements last year, and it I think it was right around November 10th last year, is when a lot of our mallards were were really triggering that migration back south. 00:13:55.440 --> 00:14:00.159 So that's the midway point between Oh, the winter solstice. 00:14:00.480 --> 00:14:00.639 Okay. 00:14:00.799 --> 00:14:03.360 So winter solstice is December 21st, right? 00:14:03.759 --> 00:14:05.200 It's always the shortest day of the year. 00:14:05.360 --> 00:14:06.960 So when is the fall equinox? 00:14:07.039 --> 00:14:08.080 It's has it just hit? 00:14:08.639 --> 00:14:09.519 September the twenty second. 00:14:09.919 --> 00:14:10.399 So what's that? 00:14:10.559 --> 00:14:11.759 Whatever that halfway point is. 00:14:12.080 --> 00:14:16.480 So Casey Short give a shout out to whatever in the Bill Byers hunter farm. 00:14:16.639 --> 00:14:18.399 That's uh that's kind of their deal. 00:14:18.559 --> 00:14:21.360 That's when their numbers are typically the highest year in, year out. 00:14:21.840 --> 00:14:22.159 Interesting. 00:14:22.399 --> 00:14:23.679 Yeah, that really is. 00:14:24.399 --> 00:14:34.480 So as these ducks start migrating south, do they imprint on certain farms, certain areas, and then revisit those h historically? 00:14:34.639 --> 00:14:36.559 Is it is imprinting a big deal? 00:14:36.960 --> 00:14:52.559 Yeah, yeah, and I I I struggle using the term imprinting, but yeah, I mean they're incredible at at really kind of uh assessing the benefit of a given site and being able to remember where where they were able to get that good food, where they were able to escape pressure, and they're able to return to those same sites. 00:14:52.720 --> 00:14:56.000 Uh and we've we've seen incredible uh ducks and geese. 00:14:56.080 --> 00:15:00.000 I mean, returning to the same nest bowl, returning to the same migratory stopover. 00:15:00.080 --> 00:15:05.840 So yeah, there's definitely if if they hit a good resource on the way down, then they're probably gonna hit it again the next year. 00:15:06.320 --> 00:15:15.519 But as far as waterfowl is concerned, um how many years would you need a you know a quality food source to really make a difference on imprinting? 00:15:15.759 --> 00:15:16.480 Uh a new property? 00:15:16.639 --> 00:15:17.519 Yeah, that's a great question. 00:15:17.679 --> 00:15:19.039 We were talking on the way up here. 00:15:19.200 --> 00:15:30.159 I mean, it it seems like there is historic uh kind of core use areas where ducks year after year are coming back, even when the landscape changes, uh, they're still gonna come back to that same spot. 00:15:30.399 --> 00:15:32.559 Uh so it it can last a long time. 00:15:32.720 --> 00:15:37.759 I mean, you can still lose it pretty quick if you lose that food in terms of like developing a new property. 00:15:38.000 --> 00:15:43.519 It takes a couple of years, uh, especially in a lot of it depends on whether you're in kind of a wetland complex area. 00:15:43.840 --> 00:15:45.039 Sure, or if you have access to it. 00:15:45.279 --> 00:15:48.399 Yeah, if you're almost kind of isolated, then yeah. 00:15:48.480 --> 00:15:49.279 No, that's a good question. 00:15:49.440 --> 00:15:50.480 I don't have a great answer to. 00:15:50.960 --> 00:15:51.679 It it all depends. 00:15:51.919 --> 00:15:53.440 We all we it all depends. 00:15:53.919 --> 00:16:00.639 We're not in like a core complex, but we are certainly have our wetland travel corridors here. 00:16:00.960 --> 00:16:11.360 It just seems like to me, watching it totally unscientific, but for the last at least intensively for say 20 years, there is a certain amount that are just coming. 00:16:11.759 --> 00:16:13.360 Come hell or high water. 00:16:13.600 --> 00:16:19.440 As long as we have water and food, you know, it doesn't matter how hot it is or anything, they're coming. 00:16:19.759 --> 00:16:22.639 And sometimes they show up just as early as we have water. 00:16:23.120 --> 00:16:28.320 And if we don't get a lot of weather, that's pretty much what we're stuck with, give or take some. 00:16:28.399 --> 00:16:28.720 Yeah. 00:16:28.960 --> 00:16:36.559 And then there's a lot more that are like gonna come if they're forced to and aren't if they aren't forced to. 00:16:36.879 --> 00:16:45.919 And it seems to me, I even remember Dale telling me, he seems to think that that's more of a condition in the Mississippi flyway than any of 'em. 00:16:46.399 --> 00:16:46.639 Interesting. 00:16:46.879 --> 00:16:58.240 That's you know, his in his in his opinion, even of course it was a ball just by trade too, that for that the ducks in the Mississippi flyway just don't generally speaking, not an absolute here. 00:16:58.639 --> 00:17:11.920 Generally don't a lot of 'em don't want to have to go any further south than they're forced to because the kind of foods we have with leftover ag don't weather the winter as well as a lot of native grasses and foods and stuff. 00:17:12.160 --> 00:17:17.920 And so they're over time they've learned they're going back through a biological desert if they go real far south. 00:17:18.160 --> 00:17:22.079 Now that was just his f you know, his philosophy, I guess, on it. 00:17:22.640 --> 00:17:32.000 But it does seem like every year, and of course we're not as cold as we've been, it just seems like we're getting more and more of that seems to be the trend. 00:17:32.240 --> 00:17:47.680 There's some you're gonna get, and you know, with the winters, the people in the far south, they better be uh treating with kinny

gloves and not not worrying about pound, pound, pound, or you're not gonna have them sooner or later. 00:17:47.920 --> 00:17:49.759 You know, in my in my humble opinion. 00:17:50.079 --> 00:18:01.039 Now, maybe we'll have a really cold winter and it'll change back, but uh the only time we've seen in big numbers here in the last three years was that super hard freeze and paperware. 00:18:01.119 --> 00:18:01.359 Yeah. 00:18:01.599 --> 00:18:07.200 And I thought we weren't gonna have them again, and then we just were covered up for about a week. 00:18:08.240 --> 00:18:17.839 So, Ron, these uh we we hear you know, w we're all we all have these conversations when we're in the duck line and we're not seeing many ducks or whatever. 00:18:18.480 --> 00:18:29.440 There's a thought that maybe the people north of us, and I'm saying like Tennessee and southern Illinois and Missouri are now planting so much stuff that these ducks aren't having to move down as far. 00:18:29.680 --> 00:18:31.519 Is there can any credence to that? 00:18:31.920 --> 00:18:36.640 Yeah, that's that's something that uh we're looking at with research uh a lot right now. 00:18:36.799 --> 00:18:45.519 So just kind of anecdotally from our transmitter data, it's it's amazing how many kind of warm water habitats and and dry feeding ducks have, anyways, up there. 00:18:45.599 --> 00:18:53.599 So we have so many transmitters that stop on like power plant cooling lakes, uh, even like settling ponds for for local sewage treatment plants. 00:18:53.759 --> 00:19:06.480 Uh so that's something we've definitely definitely talked about, looking at how kind of stop over habitat use on fall migration, how much of that's actually like planted flooded corn, like everybody talks about in the south, and how much is is other habitat. 00:19:06.559 --> 00:19:11.839 And it's I mean they're incredibly adaptable, so they're good at good at finding food and avoiding avoiding risk. 00:19:12.000 --> 00:19:20.000 So it's it's kind of like what Toxie's saying, it's they can stay north and kind of hold out there and get the food they need and and not have to move further south. 00:19:20.160 --> 00:19:26.400 And I I don't know how much of that is actually being influenced by planting versus just food on the landscape. 00:19:26.960 --> 00:19:27.759 Do you have an opinion? 00:19:28.640 --> 00:19:31.440 I I do. 00:19:32.319 --> 00:19:36.240 Uh I I don't think it's influencing duck movements in a serious way. 00:19:36.319 --> 00:19:47.200 I think I think disturbance and and I mean basically predation risk, honor risk of harvest mortality in the south, is probably a bigger driver of pushing them up there as opposed to stuff holding them there. 00:19:47.759 --> 00:19:56.000 But and I mean there's I think it's hard to argue that we haven't seen some kind of changes in weather patterns and the amount of snow that we're getting at those latitudes. 00:19:56.400 --> 00:20:03.519 So we've got to step in and say we have one of the

foremost turkey biologists, not only of today, but of all time. 00:20:03.680 --> 00:20:06.079 And I won't even have to call his name, people know. 00:20:06.319 --> 00:20:10.960 But he said the number one influencer, hunting pressure. 00:20:11.359 --> 00:20:19.440 And then we had deer now recently, and the number one influencer changed nocturnal to not hunting pressure. 00:20:19.680 --> 00:20:29.759 And then we have him here today, and he's telling us clearly, and he's obviously spent his life in research, not just, you know, watching things like us, hunting pressure. 00:20:30.079 --> 00:20:44.720 So everybody need, you know, sooner or later you need to listen, and how we approach makes such a big difference in not only the our enjoyment of the resource, but the perpetuation that we love and conservation of the resource. 00:20:45.839 --> 00:20:46.079 Yeah. 00:20:46.240 --> 00:20:46.480 Yeah. 00:20:46.960 --> 00:20:54.720 So to that, w uh being the ecologist that you are, do you have an opinion on how a guy should approach hunting? 00:20:54.880 --> 00:20:58.720 Should it be of should a property only be allowed to be hunted once or twice a week? 00:20:58.799 --> 00:21:00.319 Or are there you have ideas there? 00:21:00.640 --> 00:21:01.119 Yeah, yeah. 00:21:01.279 --> 00:21:04.000 We're uh we're looking at a lot of that with research. 00:21:04.079 --> 00:21:11.119 So we've got research going on in White River looking at sanctuary use by one of our graduate students, and we're kind of looking at that in the private realm as well. 00:21:11.279 --> 00:21:19.039 And I mean, ideally, if you have big enough property, you just leave a part of that property alone and just leave that as called inviolate sanctuary. 00:21:19.119 --> 00:21:23.920 You don't go in there, you never disturb them, you don't drive past them, you just leave them there. 00:21:24.160 --> 00:21:31.039 Uh if if you don't have that, having kind of temporal sanctuary, so only hunting like say two or three days out of the week is good. 00:21:31.200 --> 00:21:36.799 Um, but really, ideally, kind of the rule is you you leave 80% and you hunt 20. 00:21:36.960 --> 00:21:39.440 Uh, in my opinion, would be would be the best. 00:21:39.599 --> 00:21:41.599 I know that's not just not possible for most people. 00:21:41.920 --> 00:21:44.720 I love hearing that though, because that's when my that's what we need to talk about. 00:21:45.039 --> 00:21:48.319 My my love is having them over shooting them. 00:21:48.400 --> 00:21:52.000 And so if you don't have them, you can't shoot them. 00:21:52.160 --> 00:21:56.400 So that makes a lot of sense because more and more we're trying to develop small holes. 00:21:56.559 --> 00:21:59.759 So you don't have to have a lot of ducks have a super quality hunt, you don't have to shoot them. 00:22:00.240 --> 00:22:02.400 Over thousands of them, you know. 00:22:02.640 --> 00:22:04.720 And so that makes a ton of sense. 00:22:04.880 --> 00:22:08.160 So the bigger places become obviously the sanctuaries. 00:22:08.559 --> 00:22:09.599 Kind of got a couple of them now. 00:22:09.759 --> 00:22:10.480 We don't want to. 00:22:11.039 --> 00:22:15.279 And I I think that's one of the ways people have asked, how do you have duck hunting where you are? 00:22:15.440 --> 00:22:18.160 Not even well, that's probably a big, big part of y'all have witnessed it. 00:22:18.400 --> 00:22:19.359 No, your pressure management. 00:22:19.440 --> 00:22:22.240 You've always been pressure management is huge. 00:22:22.559 --> 00:22:24.319 Not only hunting, but d just disturbance. 00:22:24.400 --> 00:22:27.039 You know, one of the issues people have, they want to go ride and look at them. 00:22:27.200 --> 00:22:29.839 So they're gonna get in the truck, go ride and go, hey, let's go look at the ducks. 00:22:30.160 --> 00:22:30.880 Go get the ducks up. 00:22:31.039 --> 00:22:31.200 Yeah. 00:22:33.039 --> 00:22:36.400 Well, these new cell camps, you know, a Spartan Go Live. 00:22:36.480 --> 00:22:38.960 You could put it on a place and be able to click and look at the colour. 00:22:44.160 --> 00:22:56.559 Honestly, I'm not so sure that that Spartan Go Live, mightn't it be the other than surveillance of your property from someone breaking in, like putting them on duck holes might be the number one most useful thing. 00:22:56.720 --> 00:22:56.880 Yeah. 00:22:57.119 --> 00:22:57.599 Because you're right. 00:22:58.079 --> 00:23:03.839 On the line of the thing, you're like, you know, y'all know how Adamant and how good Neil is at the duck thing. 00:23:04.160 --> 00:23:10.079 And you know, scouting and picking the right spot, and Max run with him, he knows too. 00:23:10.319 --> 00:23:12.480 But I was like, Oh, he's asked, did you get them up? 00:23:12.640 --> 00:23:21.119 I said, Well, yeah, I had to, because we I mean, there's corn there or tall grass or you know, we could I wouldn't have known how many were there without getting them up. 00:23:21.200 --> 00:23:22.160 I said, Man, don't get them up. 00:23:22.240 --> 00:23:23.519 We get back and forth on that all the time. 00:23:23.599 --> 00:23:26.559 And he he does know it's best not to get them up. 00:23:26.880 --> 00:23:29.119 So that camera would be so nice. 00:23:29.200 --> 00:23:33.920 That's exactly what I'm gonna use the one I've got for, and hopefully get a couple more to do it with. 00:23:34.160 --> 00:23:34.319 Yeah. 00:23:34.480 --> 00:23:39.759 So uh Dudley, I want to get to you next, but before I want to stay on this theme real quick, Jim. 00:23:39.839 --> 00:23:40.880 I'm looking at you. 00:23:41.119 --> 00:23:49.440 The state of Arkansas, so once that season comes in, there's a and I'm thinking about public land hunt. 00:23:49.680 --> 00:23:50.720 Can they hunt every day? 00:23:50.880 --> 00:23:51.039 Yes. 00:23:51.279 --> 00:23:52.720 On like a bio meter or something? 00:23:52.799 --> 00:24:06.720 Yes, would would the public do you think if research from what uh like Ryan's doing down

the road, if it said, hey, we just need to hunt this three days a week, do you think the uh the people would take would they respond to that? 00:24:06.880 --> 00:24:09.839 And we have areas like that now on White River Refuge. 00:24:09.920 --> 00:24:12.799 There's parts of White River Refuge you can only hunt certain days per week. 00:24:12.960 --> 00:24:15.279 All of our public areas pretty much shut off at noon. 00:24:15.359 --> 00:24:17.200 You've got to be out of there by twelve o'clock. 00:24:17.359 --> 00:24:23.920 Um on the state areas, they've got it to where non-residents can only hunt three different ten-day periods. 00:24:24.160 --> 00:24:26.079 So they're trying to reduce pressure that away. 00:24:26.319 --> 00:24:39.359 I don't know that you'll ever get that through in the state of Arkansas on a WMA or on a GTR where you can only hunt three days per week, generally, general public, but there will be areas that they'll have it limited to that to keep pressure down. 00:24:39.519 --> 00:24:45.359 And you can see where pressure is limited, duck use is up heavily correlation. 00:24:46.000 --> 00:25:00.640 I would love to have some brave state somewhere or federal government even do it and take an area and say, you know, maybe they they don't limit it to three days a week, but maybe, maybe it's three days a week. 00:25:00.720 --> 00:25:10.799 I don't care, but say, and you you said you you made me think about when you said not after lunch, is like nobody can put a boat in or go hunting until eight o'clock in the morning. 00:25:11.039 --> 00:25:28.480 I'd love to see how that affected the continued use, because my own philosophy, again, unscientific is what I've seen is like if you go and you're there before daylight and the first thing that shows up and you're pounding them, you're pounding them, and you gotta have that limit so we just stay on and on and on until the morning, you've moved it. 00:25:28.559 --> 00:25:29.359 They're going somewhere else. 00:25:29.440 --> 00:25:31.200 They gotta eat, especially if it's really cold. 00:25:31.279 --> 00:25:32.640 They gotta go eat something and they're gone. 00:25:32.720 --> 00:25:33.759 You've you've moved them. 00:25:33.920 --> 00:25:54.000 If you go in and I mean, so like our stuff where we have stuff planted and they're feeding, you go in at like eight o'clock or maybe, well, they've already had a chance to feed there, and they're a lot less bothered by you riding up, you know, on your uh ATV and throwing your decoys out and stuff than they are you pouting and shooting at them. 00:25:54.400 --> 00:25:59.119 Plus, your first couple of shots in the morning in over every duck coming there. 00:25:59.359 --> 00:26:00.000 So I don't know. 00:26:00.079 --> 00:26:07.119 I was just curious I'd love to see someone do a specific research project just to ban the daylight hunting. 00:26:07.200 --> 00:26:09.759 And I know I ever I love that first crack of daylight. 00:26:09.839 --> 00:26:11.119 Everybody

duck hunts loves it. 00:26:11.759 --> 00:26:14.319 Be interesting to see like eight to twelve. 00:26:14.480 --> 00:26:15.839 You can shoot from eight to nine. 00:26:16.079 --> 00:26:16.640 Yeah, something like that. 00:26:16.799 --> 00:26:19.039 Or maybe eight to two, let them stay longer, you know. 00:26:19.119 --> 00:26:28.160 But but eliminate that first daylight, because I feel like what we're doing here is we're trying more and more and more, we're training them to be nocturnal. 00:26:28.240 --> 00:26:29.119 And that's just my own. 00:26:30.319 --> 00:26:31.759 Training is the key word there. 00:26:32.000 --> 00:26:34.480 So it'd be interesting to see what would happen if you didn't start until eight. 00:26:34.880 --> 00:26:48.960 Well, every every person we have on that has that scientific lifestyle uh research background, it it comes out saying the same thing, and it's like the laws of the universe, not just our earth area. 00:26:49.519 --> 00:26:50.880 Nature adapts. 00:26:51.039 --> 00:26:53.599 No matter what, nature's gonna always adapt. 00:26:53.680 --> 00:26:56.319 That's just the way it's cre this whole world's created. 00:26:56.480 --> 00:27:07.920 So you got to use that in your tool, you know, your your tool, your box of tools for managing wildlife, and understand in every single case, nature will adapt. 00:27:08.000 --> 00:27:08.880 Now, what does that mean? 00:27:09.039 --> 00:27:12.240 A thousand different things depending on what you're doing in the species. 00:27:12.640 --> 00:27:17.359 Well, one thing I think what you're saying there, we talked about on the way over here, evolution is ongoing. 00:27:17.599 --> 00:27:18.240 It doesn't quit. 00:27:18.400 --> 00:27:21.359 Mother nature's always as we get better, she gets better, you know. 00:27:21.519 --> 00:27:24.480 So that you always got to keep that in mind moving forward, I think. 00:27:25.200 --> 00:27:29.839 Yeah, why of I ever thought that that didn't apply to hunting and wildlife? 00:27:29.920 --> 00:27:30.240 I don't know. 00:27:30.640 --> 00:27:43.279 I was just but I mean everybody should wake up and realize nature adapts, and this that should be a buzzword in your mind when you're you know planning the hunting or you know working on your place, and it's gonna happen. 00:27:43.920 --> 00:27:47.359 And uh everything we talked about today says that screams it actually. 00:27:47.680 --> 00:27:49.440 Dudley, you you got a question? 00:27:49.680 --> 00:27:58.000 Well, I'm I'm looking at some of these uh questions from our listeners and uh wanted to get that rolling, possibly. 00:27:58.640 --> 00:28:06.799 Um so I've got one from Brett Cherry, and he said, I'd like to hear a breakdown of how night migration works. 00:28:06.960 --> 00:28:09.279 How do waterfowl navigate at night? 00:28:09.680 --> 00:28:10.160 Great question. 00:28:10.400 --> 00:28:14.240 Yeah, that that is a great question, something uh few people have looked at. 00:28:14.319 --> 00:28:18.319 I haven't looked at closely, so I'm I'm definitely not the expert on this. 00:28:18.480 --> 00:28:28.480 Uh but it's I mean, there's there's definitely the ability to migrate at night, and there's some theories about why they're doing that, whether it's to avoid avian predators like peregrines. 00:28:28.720 --> 00:28:30.880 Uh there's there's trade-offs, obviously. 00:28:30.960 --> 00:28:36.640 You're able to find food during migration if you're migrating during the day and and stop over and like things like that. 00:28:36.880 --> 00:29:04.880 I think with with ducks specifically, their ability to kind of sense where they are and use landmarks, and you think about, I mean, even waterways are pretty pretty obvious, uh, especially at night if there's any moonlight, uh, that they can still kind of navigate with those and use some of those landscape uh kind of points to to base that migration on and then find suitable habitat where I mean they're really looking for water and that has some sort of reflectance that they're able to pick up and and make it in. 00:29:05.039 --> 00:29:08.960 Uh but yeah, it's incredible, incredible ability to to do so. 00:29:09.440 --> 00:29:10.799 So it's amazing how that works. 00:29:11.200 --> 00:29:28.079 Along those same lines, so if a if a duck was at the border of of America and Canada and picked up and started flying south, is there some data that shows do they prefer to fly at night and then how far would they in a day's time would they travel? 00:29:28.400 --> 00:29:37.599 Yeah, we uh kind of everywhere between stopping every 50 miles to being able to make that whole jump from from Canada, North Dakota, all the way to Arkansas. 00:29:37.680 --> 00:30:00.640 Uh I've I've worked a lot more with with speckle bellies and and Canada geese in Illinois and even their abilities, so jumping from the Arctic down to prairies in Canada, and then all of our speckle bellies flew straight from Prairie Canada to uh the Arkansas Delta down into Louisiana, or even I was talking with somebody earlier, I guess Rob, uh, about the speckle bellies hitting Mississippi and Alabama. 00:30:00.880 --> 00:30:07.119 It's like they get caught in the jet stream and get dumped out over here and then make their way back to the Delta the next day. 00:30:07.279 --> 00:30:19.519 Uh so really Yeah, because our our prevailing jet streams are gonna be west to east, but then that's also kind of northwest to southeast, and sometimes dead out of the north on behind these fronts. 00:30:19.680 --> 00:30:22.720 So rarely do we get one going back to the west. 00:30:22.799 --> 00:30:27.200 But it so um, you know, makes sense when they get in a jet stream. 00:30:27.519 --> 00:30:30.480 I mean, it won't take a couple of hours. 00:30:30.559 --> 00:30:30.720 Yeah. 00:30:30.880 --> 00:30:37.279 I mean, you got a hundred and something mile back, you know, at their back, just like flying in an airplane. 00:30:37.440 --> 00:30:37.680 Yeah. 00:30:37.839 --> 00:30:38.319 Or

faster. 00:30:38.640 --> 00:30:39.839 So they're covering some ground then. 00:30:40.319 --> 00:30:50.079 Yeah, I have a uh pintail with a transmitter a couple years ago that went from like somewhere way up northern Saskatchewan to Benson Lake, like in a 36-hour period or something like that. 00:30:50.400 --> 00:30:50.720 Yeah, yeah. 00:30:50.960 --> 00:30:51.440 That's wild. 00:30:58.480 --> 00:31:00.240 Yeah, I mean, they're just so efficient flying. 00:31:00.799 --> 00:31:02.720 I wonder how high can that's gonna be that's a good question. 00:31:02.799 --> 00:31:08.079 How high can they get and still, you know, because obviously at a certain height we can't breathe, you know. 00:31:08.799 --> 00:31:14.799 Yeah, yeah, you know, our our transmitters give us altimeter uh readings, and they're not super accurate. 00:31:14.880 --> 00:31:17.039 They're based on on that GPS connection. 00:31:17.200 --> 00:31:17.359 Right. 00:31:17.519 --> 00:31:19.359 Um but that's something I need to look at with our mountains. 00:31:19.440 --> 00:31:24.160 I know with Cand of Geese we had a few that I think were migrating like a thousand feet. 00:31:24.559 --> 00:31:25.119 Oh, that's nothing. 00:31:25.279 --> 00:31:26.559 I've nothing gone higher than that. 00:31:26.880 --> 00:31:27.920 Yeah, that's that's not much. 00:31:28.400 --> 00:31:29.599 Yeah, I don't know about these mountains. 00:31:29.680 --> 00:31:32.400 I bet you it's it's high. 00:31:33.599 --> 00:31:34.160 Interesting stuff. 00:31:34.640 --> 00:31:34.799 Yeah. 00:31:35.039 --> 00:31:36.400 You got another one, Doug? 00:31:36.720 --> 00:31:40.000 Um well Mac, have you got one? 00:31:41.279 --> 00:31:41.839 I do. 00:31:42.079 --> 00:31:47.680 Uh so w we think about turkeys, we think about how well that they can see. 00:31:48.160 --> 00:31:55.119 How how well can ducks see and and kind of how does their eyesight work as far as like on a on a scientific level? 00:31:55.279 --> 00:32:01.200 I mean, I know ducks can see, and I mean we we kick a lot of water so they can see that, but uh the reflections and things like that. 00:32:01.279 --> 00:32:04.559 But like what is can you compare a duck's eyesight to? 00:32:05.119 --> 00:32:11.119 Yeah, they they just see way beyond the same color spectrum we do, so they're seeing into that UV spectrum. 00:32:11.200 --> 00:32:15.440 Uh and there's there's some really neat research out of songbirds and stuff that's looked at that. 00:32:15.519 --> 00:32:20.079 There's a lot less with ducks, but we kind of assume that that most birds are are pretty similar. 00:32:20.240 --> 00:32:34.880 But their ability to pick out UV reflection and just reflection in general, we were talking about materials on the way on the way over here and and how different materials have different UV reflectance and and I mean into that light spectrum that we just can't sense. 00:32:35.039 --> 00:32:36.880 And they they definitely have a way. 00:32:36.960 --> 00:32:54.240 I I take a lot of pictures and I was all excited, got a new ghillie blanket that had kind of some artificial fiber and and had a good cypress break that I was getting set up that had a bunch of mallards, and I lay down, kind of snuggled down in between some cypress knees, and the first first pair came in and just it was like they saw a ghost. 00:32:54.400 --> 00:33:04.640 And I mean, to me this this ghillie blanket looked incredible, but there was some some reflectance from that that I mean it just they picked that out immediately, even though I was tucked back into some really dark. 00:33:05.119 --> 00:33:06.160 That's that's really interesting. 00:33:06.400 --> 00:33:15.279 Um you know I know there was a lot of research with deer where folks were, you know, wash your clothing in this to so is that a similar UV type thing? 00:33:15.839 --> 00:33:22.640 Yeah, yeah, I I think so, and I don't think we've really explored it that well, but I I I personally believe it. 00:33:22.799 --> 00:33:44.160 Because you can when you're you know, in your clothing, especially today, with all the synthetic great fibers people I honestly, if you're and Jim may have noticed this too, if you're sitting in the woods right at daylight, you can see if your clothing is it's just there's something about that first period of light where you can see light just jumping off of it almost. 00:33:44.400 --> 00:33:45.920 And it's several cotton. 00:33:46.160 --> 00:33:51.039 Yeah, we used to test it with the uh black light, because that's you know, UV reflecting us. 00:33:52.799 --> 00:33:53.599 Absolutely no doubt. 00:33:53.839 --> 00:33:57.039 It it does I have no doubt about it that especially you know, I'm thinking about turkeys. 00:33:57.279 --> 00:34:00.000 Yeah, turkeys, ducks, deer, and so critters in general. 00:34:00.400 --> 00:34:08.159 We at the time, the by far and away the best material for camel's wife's clothing was all cotton. 00:34:08.800 --> 00:34:13.440 And the stuff that had synthetic fibers in it reflected a lot more UV light. 00:34:13.679 --> 00:34:28.719 And so I know there's been some universities do some pretty extensive research, but also had heard they kind of tabled it to not try to draw any undue you know bad conclusions about certain, you know, clothing companies and stuff. 00:34:28.800 --> 00:34:30.480 But honestly, the truth is the truth. 00:34:30.559 --> 00:34:32.239 I'd love to know what that truth is. 00:34:32.320 --> 00:34:36.800 I'd love for us to be able to make a better product if that's necessary using something. 00:34:36.880 --> 00:34:40.400 But um, well it would behoove all of us on this side of the fence, no doubt. 00:34:41.199 --> 00:34:43.440 You know, I it makes so much sense. 00:34:43.519 --> 00:34:55.920 I mean, how can my dogs are at we're at home and it's black dark, no moon or anything, and they bark and uh realize that you know there's a deer 200 yards they could sit in the black dark out the one. 00:34:56.079 --> 00:35:00.639 I mean, they

literally have to be able to see a different part of the light spectrum. 00:35:00.719 --> 00:35:02.159 So, I mean, we've pretty much proven that. 00:35:02.400 --> 00:35:02.480 Yeah. 00:35:02.800 --> 00:35:05.360 Well, talking about dogs, we here's here's another one. 00:35:05.679 --> 00:35:19.360 You take a dog with some hunting experience, retriever, duck hunting experience, and you cripple a miter drake in twelve dozen miter decoys, and they can pick out that cripple amongst all them decoys instantly. 00:35:19.599 --> 00:35:22.719 So you can't tell me they can't see in a little different spectrum than what we do. 00:35:22.880 --> 00:35:24.719 We may go, man, that's a cool looking decoy. 00:35:24.800 --> 00:35:26.320 That's a really cool looking camouflage. 00:35:26.400 --> 00:35:27.920 Look how it blends with this or that. 00:35:28.159 --> 00:35:31.360 Well, them critters are seeing it way different than we are. 00:35:32.079 --> 00:35:33.280 I think that's important. 00:35:33.760 --> 00:35:47.039 Yeah, and it probably, you know, I ain't thought about that because one of the things I talk about all the time is in the first hour or so, it's almost impossible to hide from 'em, no matter what we're in. 00:35:48.079 --> 00:35:52.800 And I'm not so sure that it's the difference in the decoys. 00:35:53.199 --> 00:36:00.159 And the UV ref you know, for lack of a better word, reflectance would be so much more dramatic in the wee hours. 00:36:00.320 --> 00:36:05.519 And then once you get a full bright sunlight, it kind of goes away, and I don't have those issues anymore. 00:36:05.920 --> 00:36:14.960 And I've never understood why, because we'd be in blinds that are hidden so good, and honestly, there's more bright light for us to show up in the middle of the day. 00:36:15.039 --> 00:36:22.800 And I realize there's a little shadow cast and all that, but it's it's it's unbelievable how spooky they are in the dim light early on. 00:36:22.960 --> 00:36:24.400 And I'm not maybe that's it. 00:36:24.480 --> 00:36:30.960 Maybe the the difference in the decoys not looking real is more dramatic in the dim light. 00:36:31.119 --> 00:36:31.599 I don't know. 00:36:31.679 --> 00:36:34.159 That's something that'd be a great topic for research too. 00:36:34.480 --> 00:36:39.760 But you know, I remember still the the father of all this camouflage, my buddy Jim Crumley, they used to ask him about it all the time. 00:36:39.840 --> 00:36:42.960 He said, Well, until we get deer to talk, we'll never know for sure. 00:36:44.159 --> 00:36:45.679 That's a good that's a dang good point. 00:36:45.920 --> 00:36:46.000 Yeah. 00:36:46.400 --> 00:36:53.599 But I bet you we could today's technology could figure out what's going on with the duck and the deer and the turkey. 00:36:53.679 --> 00:36:55.519 And I bet you it's very, very similar. 00:36:56.159 --> 00:36:57.199 I bet you it is. 00:36:57.920 --> 00:36:59.679 Dudley, what you got one ready? 00:37:00.000 --> 00:37:00.400 All right. 00:37:00.559 --> 00:37:02.880 So um we're kind of shifting here. 00:37:03.119 --> 00:37:09.679 Jay Ballard 16 wants to know how do you view the don't shoot hens opinion? 00:37:10.239 --> 00:37:14.159 Yeah, this is something we even talked about before we started recording. 00:37:14.320 --> 00:37:20.800 Uh this is this is a tough one, and it kind of goes into whether harvest is additive versus compensatory. 00:37:20.880 --> 00:37:31.519 So basically whether harvest is actually uh decreasing the population or if that that harvest is being compensated for by by increased production. 00:37:31.760 --> 00:37:40.239 So for it to be compensatory, you have to have density dependence, which basically just means there's limited resources, and those resources are limiting the number of ducks. 00:37:40.400 --> 00:37:43.519 Uh so that's really what's concerning the population instead. 00:37:45.760 --> 00:38:00.639 For the most part, we think that harvest on ducks is compensatory, so it's usually compensated for by basically having more ponds for those ducks that do survive, and we we know we're shooting ducks that are less healthy and probably less likely to go back and breed anyways. 00:38:00.880 --> 00:38:07.039 So it's decreasing the number of ducks out there and and allowing those surviving ducks to go nest. 00:38:07.360 --> 00:38:13.519 Uh in these dry years, like we've seen the last last couple of years at least, that that might differ. 00:38:13.679 --> 00:38:18.559 I I'm not deep enough into that side of things to really have a strong opinion. 00:38:18.719 --> 00:38:21.199 Uh I mean I love to shoot drakes. 00:38:21.280 --> 00:38:29.280 I think it's I mean it's kind of a challenge for me to to pick out drakes and and when things are going really well, uh, I'd I'd prefer to only shoot drakes. 00:38:29.440 --> 00:38:29.679 Yeah. 00:38:30.000 --> 00:38:34.320 But if you're having a rough hunt, uh it's not the end of the world, I don't think, if you shoot a hen. 00:38:34.559 --> 00:38:42.719 And especially on these these boom years, when we do get wet years, it's it's harvest probably isn't going to make any difference on population. 00:38:43.039 --> 00:38:43.199 Yeah. 00:38:43.599 --> 00:38:44.639 That that's that's interesting. 00:38:44.719 --> 00:38:45.199 Jim, go ahead. 00:38:45.440 --> 00:38:47.199 I've got I've got it, I've got another angle there. 00:38:47.599 --> 00:38:47.760 Okay. 00:38:48.239 --> 00:38:51.360 Um shoot them and get out of there, leave them alone. 00:38:51.519 --> 00:38:53.599 Disturbance, pressure, disturbance, pressure management. 00:38:53.679 --> 00:38:59.760 If you've got opportunity, if you need two ducks to finish a limit and two mounted hands, just shoot them and get out of there, let the ducks have it back. 00:38:59.840 --> 00:39:00.559 It's kind of my theory. 00:39:00.639 --> 00:39:05.119 But I'm looking at it more from a pressure management, yeah, managing hunting property or something like that. 00:39:05.199 -->

00:39:06.719 So go on and get them and get out. 00:39:06.800 --> 00:39:10.239 You know, shoot stay within the limits, don't go crazy. 00:39:10.480 --> 00:39:13.119 But I'm all I would say go on, shoot them and get out of there. 00:39:13.360 --> 00:39:15.360 Yeah, and that's looking through some of these questions. 00:39:15.440 --> 00:39:20.880 There's a lot on kind of shifting uh if there's northward shift, if ducks are are shortstopping. 00:39:20.960 --> 00:39:31.599 I think a lot of what we're seeing, what we need to think a lot more about is is how pressure is influencing duck movements and recruitment and distribution, yeah, and basically where they're going on the landscape. 00:39:31.679 --> 00:39:39.280 And I think that has a a huge impact, absence of kind of that mortality of of the effect on population and and hunter success. 00:39:39.440 --> 00:39:42.320 So it's like Illinois, Central Illinois. 00:39:42.400 --> 00:39:51.760 I mean, there are areas that uh we were reporting aerial survey numbers with Forbes Biological Station, and we'd have people, I mean, just cussing us saying we're making these numbers up. 00:39:51.840 --> 00:39:55.199 And it's because they're in this public area is really heavily hunted. 00:39:55.519 --> 00:40:05.440 They wouldn't see a duck all morning, even though there's 30,000 just sitting a mile, a mile and a half from them that only come out to feed at at sunset, that they're just never there in the afternoon to see them. 00:40:05.519 --> 00:40:10.880 And it's pressure, pressure, and how that's kind of changed how smart ducks are. 00:40:11.199 --> 00:40:15.760 I'd I'm not sure I'd call it evolving, but but it's it's influencing their behaviors. 00:40:16.320 --> 00:40:22.480 Uh to major pan, and it's it's it's influencing influencing hunter success and how hunters are perceiving duck population. 00:40:22.880 --> 00:40:24.239 Nature adapts every time. 00:40:24.960 --> 00:40:26.159 Landy, you've got a question? 00:40:26.400 --> 00:40:27.360 Oh, yeah, well, yeah. 00:40:27.440 --> 00:40:29.199 I always have a question about ducks. 00:40:30.320 --> 00:40:38.320 Uh, you know, I think we've touched a little bit on on time frames to migrate, we've talked a little bit about pressure, and then we talked about the northern crops. 00:40:38.480 --> 00:40:46.320 So what I'm I'm hearing from you, you know, we we say this a lot of times here, we're like, oh, they pressed them too hard up north before they got there. 00:40:46.559 --> 00:40:48.719 Is that a possibility? 00:40:49.119 --> 00:40:51.360 I I'd say it's a possibility. 00:40:51.519 --> 00:40:59.679 Uh so one of the the most interesting points I've heard is that we know that younger birds uh are spreading out across the landscape more. 00:40:59.760 --> 00:41:10.559 So that's where we think that possibly increased harvest, especially of juvenile, uh, especially juvenile females up north, maybe with spangling decoys, we know they're more susceptible. 00:41:10.639 --> 00:41:15.920 Uh we think that could be where we're seeing a kind of decrease in mallard harvest, especially in Louisiana. 00:41:16.239 --> 00:41:17.440 Uh that's been thrown around. 00:41:17.519 --> 00:41:19.840 I don't know if there's validity to that. 00:41:19.920 --> 00:41:21.440 I don't know how you'd test that. 00:41:21.599 --> 00:41:29.840 But no, I I I think it's a possibility that, yeah, the the amount of hunting up north could influence uh less so the population, but the distribution of the earth. 00:41:30.079 --> 00:41:40.000 We certainly the very first week or so of our season on a different duck than what we know starting at say Christmas and on. 00:41:40.159 --> 00:41:40.559 Yeah. 00:41:40.800 --> 00:41:41.519 No question. 00:41:41.599 --> 00:41:44.079 They're like they're so much spookier. 00:41:44.159 --> 00:41:53.039 And you know, I don't know if that's because surely the more hunting pressure they've had that year in older ducks, yes, sir, you know, have to be it has to make a difference. 00:41:53.199 --> 00:41:53.360 Yeah. 00:41:53.840 --> 00:41:54.800 We sure blame it on. 00:41:55.199 --> 00:41:55.760 Yeah. 00:41:56.320 --> 00:42:01.840 So as a researcher, is there something that you've learned about ducks that like surprised you? 00:46:00.139 --> 00:46:00.699 Ooh. 00:46:00.940 --> 00:46:01.340 Ooh. 00:46:01.739 --> 00:46:04.860 There are lots of things, and and I go back to geese. 00:46:04.940 --> 00:46:06.619 I'll try to focus on ducks. 00:46:08.940 --> 00:46:11.420 The home range. 00:46:11.500 --> 00:46:14.940 I mean, how little some of these ducks will move uh is incredible. 00:46:15.019 --> 00:46:17.179 And again, it's going back to to adapting. 00:46:17.259 --> 00:46:24.780 So to where we have this really heavily pressured landscape in southeast Arkansas, the Stuttgart area, uh, around Five Oaks. 00:46:25.019 --> 00:46:26.699 Uh there's pressure all over the place. 00:46:26.780 --> 00:46:33.980 And some of those ducks, I mean, they're not moving more than two miles from from their roosting site almost the entire winter. 00:46:34.139 --> 00:46:43.019 I mean, they're moving so little, they need they're finding food sources where they know they're safe, and they're just going back and forth to that uh till they till they run out of food, basically. 00:46:43.099 --> 00:46:46.780 Uh so that's been really, really fascinating to me. 00:46:48.059 --> 00:46:53.179 The relationship with bomblin hardwoods, uh, I think is really interesting, and that's something I'm looking at. 00:46:53.259 --> 00:46:59.099 So we're trying to figure out uh really use ducks, these transmitters, to inform management of bomblin hardwoods. 00:46:59.179 --> 00:47:07.179 So figure out what forest characteristics, uh things like stem density, uh these thickets, and and even tying in some behavioral data. 00:47:07.259 --> 00:47:12.780 So we have accelerometers in these these transmitters that I brought, and we can infer behaviors from that. 00:47:12.940 -->

00:47:22.860 So we can we can look at how that transmitter is moving in three axes, and we can go back and and kind of separate those out and figure out what movements relate to what behaviors. 00:47:23.019 --> 00:47:34.699 So whether they're say feeding, whether they're flying, whether they're resting, and we're really starting to I'm starting to tease apart how different force characteristics are related to behaviors. 00:47:34.940 --> 00:47:36.059 That's what I'm saying. 00:47:36.380 --> 00:47:37.500 I can't wait to see that. 00:47:37.739 --> 00:47:38.219 Yeah, no doubt. 00:47:38.539 --> 00:47:41.659 No, it's it's really neat stuff, and I'm really fortunate to be down there. 00:47:41.739 --> 00:47:56.860 Uh so just as an opinion for now, how important is uh a flooded timber place to have some cover, like some thick cover as opposed to all big, beautiful red oaks raining. 00:47:57.259 --> 00:47:58.059 lots of food, you know. 00:47:58.300 --> 00:47:58.940 Yep, yep. 00:47:59.019 --> 00:48:00.380 I I think it's really important. 00:48:00.460 --> 00:48:03.259 And that's that's one of the interesting things we're finding out. 00:48:03.340 --> 00:48:05.019 So we're we're right next to biomeda. 00:48:05.259 --> 00:48:10.380 So obviously a really heavily pressured yes just massive expanse of of Bomlin hardwood. 00:48:10.699 --> 00:48:26.460 So our ducks if if you look at selection so basically the proportion of of locations in timber compared to what's theoretically available to them they're actually avoiding timber but a lot of that's being driven by biomeda we think because of the hunting pressure. 00:48:26.780 --> 00:48:26.940 Right. 00:48:28.380 --> 00:48:36.380 So it's it's definitely important to have a a heterogeneity of habitats have a diversity and it's it's like with pretty much all wildlife management. 00:48:36.940 --> 00:48:53.500 So yeah thickets in your kind of in your big woods even bunbush sloughs are incredibly important for loafing and roosting huge uh that's actually one of the areas we've we're seeing the highest selection for is is these reservoirs and stuff around us where they're they're loafing. 00:48:53.980 --> 00:49:12.539 You think that you think that it just seems like m more and more that uh especially I don't know mallards especially because we key on them they just if they were feeding in open water in places they get in there they get full and they're headed they want something overhead like is it that they fear the hawks and eagles more and more? 00:49:12.780 --> 00:49:12.940 Yeah. 00:49:13.179 --> 00:49:17.900 Because they just seem some ducks can just sit out on wide open spaces all day long. 00:49:17.980 --> 00:49:23.659 It doesn't seem to bother them but the mallards especially want to go not just in the timber I think they like it for the cover. 00:49:24.059 --> 00:49:35.579 So you get a lot of the stuff we have around here that buck brush he's talking about or button brush or whatever it's called you know I can remember by managing with the crop duster we eliminated and I think we eliminated too much of it. 00:49:35.659 --> 00:49:35.900 Yeah. 00:49:35.980 --> 00:49:36.940 Yeah in some places. 00:49:37.179 --> 00:49:43.259 But some of the places we have had really really good hunts there's no rhyme or reason except it had that overhead cover. 00:49:43.579 --> 00:49:50.380 They had an open hole to land in but then immediately they could swim out into stuff with a real dense over canopy. 00:49:50.539 --> 00:49:53.019 Yeah yeah and I think you're spot on with that avian predator. 00:49:53.099 --> 00:50:17.500 I think it's the eagles and the hawks they just we have a lot of folks get button bush from us and they'll strategically plant it in their you know impoundments but what they're doing is it will take over an impoundment but they go in and mulch right holes out of it and the ducks like to land in the open and then swim under the it'd be easy to control if you if you can control the water every year. 00:50:17.659 --> 00:50:20.059 It'd be pretty easy because you would go in there and control it too. 00:50:20.539 --> 00:50:27.900 I was wondering I let some you know it's a real invasive but the um Cesbania I guess gets pretty tall and cover. 00:50:27.980 --> 00:50:31.099 I don't I wonder if that's enough in some of these wide open spots. 00:50:31.179 --> 00:50:41.820 I left a couple of places this year where I left you know a pretty good size open hole and I'd leave a couple of like an acre or two per spot that I left it. 00:50:42.059 --> 00:50:42.699 I just left it. 00:50:42.780 --> 00:50:43.019 Yeah. 00:50:43.259 --> 00:50:45.900 No I I think there's absolutely nothing wrong with that. 00:50:45.980 --> 00:50:48.539 I think I think that provides vertical cover. 00:50:48.619 --> 00:50:52.460 I mean we know it's not really providing food value but that vertical carver is it's crucial. 00:50:52.619 --> 00:51:03.659 And you think about kind of noise abatement I mean planting screens around houses it's the same thing with ducks to where if you have that vertical cover and you know the wind blowing through that shots are going to spook them way less. 00:51:03.820 --> 00:51:08.539 It's going to stress them out way less if they've got something kind of knocking that noise down a little bit. 00:51:09.179 --> 00:51:10.380 That that really is interesting. 00:51:10.539 --> 00:51:15.099 Go ahead I was going to say I'd I'd like to get into some food type stuff. 00:51:15.900 --> 00:51:23.980 And guy named Taylor Bobo said do ducks actually use the flooded timber for a food source or is that more to loaf and rest? 00:51:25.019 --> 00:51:25.820 Can't wait to hear that. 00:51:26.139 --> 00:51:28.059 I'd like to evolve on some of that too. 00:51:28.380 --> 00:51:31.259 Yeah yeah they they definitely use it for a food source. 00:51:31.340 --> 00:51:45.099 Obviously red oak acorns are big uh we're doing a lot of research so again with the transmitters we're looking at forest

composition so red oak composition in those woods to look at where they're using in the woods and if red oaks are more more prevalent there or not. 00:51:45.259 --> 00:51:59.980 We're also using uh metabarcoding DNA techniques with their poop essentially from harvested birds to look at what composition of their diet is is red oak acorns, invertebrates uh versus moist soil seeds or like agricultural grains. 00:52:00.300 --> 00:52:04.940 That's great that's going on right now yeah yeah it's it's processing so that's incredible. 00:52:05.179 --> 00:52:09.659 Yeah yeah it's it's really neat technology I'm really excited to see the results. 00:52:09.900 --> 00:52:25.739 Uh so yeah there it's it's definitely multiple multiple use so there's there's definitely good food sources in there uh but that that structure is also really important like like he's asking I mean it's really important for loafing and resting and getting away from avian predators. 00:52:26.139 --> 00:52:30.059 Um there seemed to be a lot more a lot more avian predators now than ever I don't know. 00:52:30.539 --> 00:52:55.420 Yeah I know I I've always been interested in all of that especially uh you know I'm a tree guy but the moist soil stuff really interests me and when I was younger it seemed like consensus was more broadleaf stuff like smart weeds and things and then it changed to more you know grassy you know sedges and grasses as being what everybody wanted to manage for. 00:52:55.579 --> 00:53:01.340 Is that still what uh it's I go back to heterogeneity again. 00:53:01.420 --> 00:53:28.300 Uh a little bit of each is really important, especially so we focus so much on on managing for mallards, but those sedges and some of those smaller seeds uh there's really not a lot of species that'll eat eat even say millet uh like pentails green wings are really selecting for those really small seeds uh like red root flat sedge oh panic grass uh some of those smaller seeds so yeah having that that mixture is really important. 00:53:28.460 --> 00:53:36.219 Of course mallards love millet they're kind of generalist so they do pretty well on we call one sprangletop how good is it? 00:53:36.539 --> 00:53:38.619 Uh it's pretty it's it's good. 00:53:38.780 --> 00:53:50.219 It doesn't produce as much seed abundance as you know it's funny though there's a there's a there's a maybe a s there's two types or the soil but some of them um put on a huge head. 00:53:50.380 --> 00:53:59.179 Some of them are short and some of them are you know whatever three four feet tall and put on and that's is that just the how perfect growing conditions rich soil or is there two different types? 00:53:59.659 --> 00:54:05.340 It could be and there's a few other grasses that look I and I'm I'm not great with my moist soil plants. 00:54:05.420 --> 00:54:24.539 I need to be a lot better but there are a few others that that look pretty similar to sprang tops it it seems to be more and more like invasive course what you like

you want you know it's like barnyard grass is the the gold standard you know and you start looking at all that and the one of the best thing could have it's very invasive and I say bring it on you know yep mallards love it. 00:54:24.780 --> 00:54:29.900 Yep we have a lot and that's kind of our that's our fallback position. 00:54:29.980 --> 00:54:43.179 I'm not so sure we don't get just as much help from all the barnyard grass we raise as all the stuff we plant but you know because it is millet basically this basically just wild millet so I I'm a big proponent for moist soil management. 00:54:43.259 --> 00:58:40.550 I mean it provides uh this incredible diversity of of nutritional needs for I'd love to have more broadleaves the the Pennsylvania smart wheat's about the only really beneficial one I know to kind of let go but in our world there's so many invasive n good for nothing broadleaves and of course by nature broadleaf means shades everything out so we just in a lot of cases we have to manage to get rid of them or we don't have anything. 00:58:40.710 --> 00:58:51.510 So we don't have the opportunity to really manage towards there's something about the Pennsylvania smart wheat here that comes on strong really late in the even into the fall. 00:58:51.990 --> 00:58:59.110 And in dry period or in the No I mean like in the I mean it barely shows up in like September, late August. 00:58:59.670 --> 00:59:03.990 And it'll be making flowers like even to you know and into October. 00:59:04.150 --> 00:59:20.150 And it seems like stuff has been suppressed and it just really takes off late late in the year and I'll get a stand oven in like the the pond at the cabin there's probably three acres solid of that and it just kind of took over late in the year. 00:59:20.470 --> 00:59:32.550 I don't know why maybe it's some water got onto other you know some some water standing will suppress weeds you know but let other ones there are some weeds yeah there's some weeds that can can really take advantage of that standing water. 00:59:33.030 --> 00:59:33.910 Interesting stuff. 00:59:34.150 --> 00:59:49.910 Yes and uh you know I want to get onto some tree stuff too but uh you know we were talking about red oak acorns and then I also hear a lot of talk about just the leaves falling out of an oak tree is a a a good way to hold invertebrates. 00:59:51.110 --> 01:00:01.030 You know whereas you know you've got ag fields that are just mud bottoms but there's stalks that they can hang out on and it's it's just so interesting. 01:00:01.110 --> 01:00:03.510 But it seems like diversity wins. 01:00:03.990 --> 01:00:23.990 Every time yeah well and it's I mean I think I'm I kind of come from a holistic perspective uh thinking about the broad ecosystem and I think managing for those things helps us I mean get cleaner waters manage all these ecosystem services on top of helping helping provide food for ducks. 01:00:24.070 --> 01:00:35.990 So yeah that leaves and bomblin hardwoods

more invertebrates more uh aerobic anaerobic processes that are influencing water quality and all sorts of other things that I think are really meaningful. 01:00:36.710 --> 01:00:38.630 That ducks like to eat bugs. 01:00:38.869 --> 01:00:57.750 Yeah yeah you think about the protein there too you know yeah better feather structure egg shells going on the flyback for spring nesting all that comes into play so yeah you need a little all of it yeah and there's there's some discussion we're still figuring out how important invertebrates are and again with this diet study that's one of the things we're we're hoping to look at. 01:00:57.990 --> 01:01:01.430 There's some evidence that it's it's mixed. 01:01:01.590 --> 01:01:15.990 I mean it's some studies have kind of suggested that invertebrates are super important that they're already building those proteins that they're they're probably really important for building back proteins once they arrive here on migration because sometimes they're catabolizing protein out of their muscles. 01:01:16.150 --> 01:01:17.670 So to build that back is important. 01:01:17.829 --> 01:01:26.869 But then when do they really need that calcium in protein when they start heading back north and whether it needs to be here or on those stopover areas is a big question. 01:01:27.510 --> 01:01:30.070 It's just so interesting how adaptable they are. 01:01:30.230 --> 01:01:44.550 You know I I'm I grew up on the Mississippi flyway and you know five hundred years ago that was nothing but cane breaks and red oaks and sweet gums and and now it's almost nothing but agriculture. 01:01:44.869 --> 01:01:47.269 And they've they've completely adapted to that. 01:01:47.590 --> 01:02:06.710 Yeah yeah and that's geese geese are incredibly adaptive and mallards I mean to a large extent too they're they're generalists and that's we were having some discussions on the way over here on on what historic waterfowl populations looked like and and how this kind of agricultural dominate landscape has changed those population levels. 01:02:06.789 --> 01:02:20.389 And we know like with snow geese that that agriculture in the Mississippi Luvial Valley and and north has just allowed them to explode essentially and same with speckle bellies to some extent and and whether or not that's the case with mallards as well. 01:02:21.110 --> 01:02:41.670 So interesting so would nocturnal behavior be something that they've adapted to it's it's probably something that's always been there to some degree like I think they probably always had the ability to feed nocturnally one because avian predators are predominantly diurnal. 01:02:41.750 --> 01:02:49.269 I mean great horned owls barred owls might take ducks but really eagles and peregrines are are what we think the main waterfowl predators are. 01:02:49.430 --> 01:03:37.750 So that I mean that could have even before kind of modern hunting uh could have been influencing that pattern to some extent uh but yeah it it it

just seems to me even in my short life and the short time I've been on this earth that that it's it's definitely moving more that that nocturnal pattern than you know Lenny I know historically I mean yeah it well look I want to just kind of ask this question it's a little off the wall but um in England they hunt ducks at night over there as an ecologist what's going on why why are they doing that and what's the Yeah they they definitely have a different take on game management than we do that I know you guys are familiar with and and talk about uh to where it is really the resource of of the wealthy and nobility. 01:03:38.070 --> 01:03:38.389 Right. 01:03:39.269 --> 01:03:47.590 And yeah I I mean it's definitely effective it sounds like you can shoot a lot of ducks if you're shooting after after dust. 01:03:48.230 --> 01:03:48.389 Yeah. 01:03:48.470 --> 01:03:54.789 I mean they can't manage for I mean they can't be trying to shoot drakes of it's just I don't I it didn't make sense to me. 01:03:54.869 --> 01:03:55.190 I don't know. 01:03:55.510 --> 01:04:05.510 Yeah but it's waterfowl hunting over there is just at such a small scale that it probably isn't having a meaningful impact at the population level compared to the number of hunters we have here. 01:04:05.990 --> 01:04:06.869 That's good to know. 01:04:06.950 --> 01:04:10.389 So I I just always scratch my head at it Yeah it it is interesting. 01:04:10.550 --> 01:04:24.710 Yeah it is so I you know I think we we've hit on something here kind of a a cord that makes sense to me but managing this hunting pressure however you guys are trying to learn about it more Toxie has certainly figured out some things himself. 01:04:24.950 --> 01:04:28.550 Landon we see it our from just from being around him and places. 01:04:28.869 --> 01:04:32.389 But Jim you're shaking your head obviously you agree that it's a big part. 01:04:32.710 --> 01:04:33.670 It's a huge part. 01:04:33.829 --> 01:04:47.510 It's a huge part the deal is we all like to hunt them we all like to watch them we all like to be a part so you want to go get in a boat and go riding and scouting in the afternoons and we got some federal areas big large tracts of woods that's federal it's on refuge property. 01:04:47.670 --> 01:04:54.630 You can't necessarily hunt waterfowl hunt in the afternoon but you can bow hunt you can squirrel hunt you do whatever so people want to go get in a boat and go scouting. 01:04:54.710 --> 01:05:00.070 Well you're running ducks out of the woods in the afternoon and then you wonder why the next morning that you're not as productive. 01:05:00.389 --> 01:05:11.430 And the better we can manage that the better I think we're going to be with the opportunity to to increase harvest and increase hunting pleasure while hunting and let ducks use those habitats. 01:05:11.750 --> 01:05:46.550 Yeah and we're we're looking to inform a lot of how we kind of design those those the timing of hunting in those refuges the spatial aspect of hunting in those refuges so Ethan Ditmer uh with the Osborne lab at UAM has been working on White River and what he's finding is that ducks are actually using the the spatial sanctuary so the areas that they can only hunt in the morning the same as just a regular like free for all hunted area to where really that spatial sanctuary that that no afternoon hunting really doesn't seem to be making a difference. 01:05:51.670 --> 01:06:11.590 So thinking about if we need to time that like we talked about earlier just two days a week and then just leave whole days or whole blocks that they aren't allowed to hunt or if if that morning hunting is meaningful and and I mean we can increase the hunter effort and and access if we allow them to hunt in the afternoons. 01:06:11.670 --> 01:06:18.389 I mean how many people can't wake up at 2 a.m to go to a public boat launch and hunt a morning but could go hunt in the afternoon. 01:06:18.710 --> 01:06:35.670 I would think there are a number of private places in Arkansas that probably really manage their hunting pressure that you guys could learn from if if there was a way to several we're both around a lot you know have no hunting past ten o'clock some are past nine o'clock if you don't have them by nine you're out let the ducks have them the rest of the day. 01:06:35.910 --> 01:06:45.590 So Toxie when I first moved here a long time ago there were these older men Clark Young being one of them big duck and they they typically would not go hunting. 01:06:45.750 --> 01:06:49.110 They would hunt almost every day but they wouldn't go till about eight o'clock in the morning. 01:06:49.349 --> 01:06:51.269 Seven, eight o'clock, yeah yep. 01:06:51.510 --> 01:06:57.670 And so but I also remember uh Carcy telling me well dad likes to go and see where the ducks were he would go. 01:06:57.829 --> 01:07:16.869 I mean I didn't go with him just a whole lot but I'd get to go sometimes and he would pull up their main place they had there was a there was a big hill you could sit there and watch and he'd sit there and watch for a while and then he'd he had a Argo and he'd right he'd go right to where most ducks were and honestly at the time you could not there's no way you could do it today. 01:07:16.950 --> 01:07:28.789 He would take bundles of cane just bright green doesn't even blend in with where it was and just literally just kind of space it around there and you shoot ducks out of the Argo in the wide open. 01:07:29.430 --> 01:07:31.829 We couldn't anymore do that today than Man and the moon. 01:07:32.150 --> 01:07:33.430 But back then we did. 01:07:34.309 --> 01:07:50.950 But he would go where they were and his his thing was was just like wait and see where they're using because he thought you know and I I think he's probably right Jim probably agreed to that too there's some reason they pick certain spots and then that's their spot for the day and then it might not be you know a a couple days from now. 01:07:51.030

--> 01:07:52.150 So that was what he was thinking. 01:07:52.230 --> 01:07:58.550 And I think part of it was I never really asked him was like let them eat a little bit first just like I've been saying. 01:07:58.789 --> 01:07:59.110 Yeah. 01:07:59.349 --> 01:08:17.109 So he didn't go at daylight that mu that often you know that's an interesting thought the way you had that uh on the early morning show Dud what Yeah there's no doubt yeah I like my sleep so I I could get on board with that you got another c another question Dud? 01:08:17.590 --> 01:08:28.309 Uh let's see Thomas Rexler wanted to know if if you'd rather hunt the thaw after a few days of hard freeze or the day of an incoming hunt. 01:08:28.470 --> 01:08:32.710 When is that normally bad I want to pick both. 01:08:32.869 --> 01:08:40.789 Yeah it's always good on the front side when they go to hit the feed heavy after a thaw you go hunt a food source. 01:08:40.949 --> 01:08:55.670 If it starts a thaw hunt find a food source and that's some of the best there is you know right when it starts thawing out I was hunting a break one year and we'd had a hard freeze and it was old deadening and man piles and piles of ducks crossing us and we was blowing our heads off and they wouldn't even look at you. 01:08:55.750 --> 01:09:00.069 They just go into a rice field right next to us and we slid over there and shot them up. 01:09:00.309 --> 01:09:04.869 Either one can be great it's fun to be on both sides of that and that's why I say both. 01:09:05.029 --> 01:09:07.989 I'm not going to pick one over the other but I want to be there for both. 01:09:08.229 --> 01:09:08.869 Gotcha. 01:09:09.109 --> 01:09:10.789 Mac you got a question? 01:09:11.109 --> 01:09:18.229 I do I do I I've got a few but there's there's two that I really have been curious about. 01:09:18.389 --> 01:09:36.149 So we've talked about you know habitat and and huntability and and and kind of the the duck in in general but what species of ducks are growing is is you know mallards growing pintails wood ducks or are fallen or kind of how how is that population change right now? 01:09:36.470 --> 01:10:01.909 Yeah well right now uh we're we're kind of seeing a lot of falling just because of the the water conditions up in the prairies and the nesting grounds uh blue wing teal I think we've we've seen a rapid response so they're more oh this is going back to to college biology uh are selected so basically they're having more young and they're shorter lived so they're able to kind of recover more quickly than some of these slightly longer lived ducks like mallards or pintails. 01:10:02.470 --> 01:10:17.750 So blue wings obviously did well this year and as really with all of them it's it's so dependent on habitat on the nesting grounds to where if we just have two or three good years of of good habitat out there, those populations are going to be moving in the right direction really quick. 01:10:18.789 --> 01:11:17.989 Yeah wood ducks wood ducks

are a tough one they're declining in some areas we think some of that's kind of due to broodering habitat not just nesting habitat so we know a lot of these areas have good natural cavities places for them to nest but then they're they're really uh not dependent but but they do well in emergent marsh habitats which we're losing especially in the upper Mississippi River Valley and Illinois river valley uh to where we think that could be influencing some decline in in wood ducks but I'm not sure I I certainly don't have data to support that but that's just kind of been the trend I've I've been seeing and and feeling Ryan it's it's obvious you uh you you hunt and you you're a fantastic photographer we saw some stuff on uh Ryanasprin.com it's incredible thank you for photography but if you were somebody said okay you're in charge of all these ducks if somebody said that are is there things that that you say okay this is what I would do. 01:11:18.149 --> 01:11:25.269 One, two, three that these are changes that I would make and would I we're just I'm just asking your opinion. 01:11:25.670 --> 01:11:30.470 Yeah in so in the winter grounds I mean one of the biggest things is fixing hydrology. 01:11:30.630 --> 01:13:02.390 We've seen uh just huge issues from uh these major river systems flooding from all this uh levying and draining of these major river systems that have just forced the rivers into a small area that are leaned to all these flood issues and that's been really detrimental to waterfowl habitat kind of this latitude uh up through the Midwest uh so that's a big thing if if if I could fix one thing I think hydrology would be a big part and that of course is leaned to red oak decline in Arkansas and where we're seeing these shifts of historically red oak areas into overcup and uh more water tolerant white oak species that aren't food for ducks uh that aren't really benefiting ducks uh so yeah the fixing fixing hydrology would be one of the biggest ones both at regional and and fine scale that sounds like a big ask yeah yeah that's that's if if I had a genie that that is what one of my wish is uh and then you know that just that's not gonna happen so how can we compensate as gamekeepers as people who care for enormously for the future of our ducks how can we adapt that because the that goes back to what I love so much is our our mission here our evangelism is like air the way we can make the most effective change is not by like lobbying our governments or you know maybe donating to the big wildlife organizations. 01:13:02.470 --> 01:13:13.270 That's all important but every single person and there you know everybody we're ta listening right has some kind of influence or they do the work on some place. 01:13:14.470 --> 01:13:20.950 And we have the power to do that as a group when we can do positive stuff for wildlife. 01:13:21.030 --> 01:13:39.829 And so my point in saying this and I will just till I'm blue in the face or y'all bury me someday Is like empower every single person to become that gamekeeper and become conservation conscious in their own place and together, everybody that hunts can make a huge difference. 01:13:39.990 --> 01:13:40.230 Yeah. 01:13:40.550 --> 01:13:42.950 More so than any other entity. 01:13:43.190 --> 01:13:43.430 Yep. 01:13:43.750 --> 01:13:45.430 Even if all you have is your backyard. 01:13:45.670 --> 01:13:45.990 That's right. 01:13:46.789 --> 01:13:47.270 Absolutely. 01:13:47.510 --> 01:13:56.950 And so, yeah, and just having the knowledge and spreading it and, you know, getting it out to people and doing, you know, take care of your own spot. 01:13:57.110 --> 01:14:02.070 And I know waterfowl especially is important because we have to depend on our neighbors so much. 01:14:02.390 --> 01:14:02.630 Yeah. 01:14:02.789 --> 01:14:02.950 Yeah. 01:14:03.030 --> 01:14:05.990 And that's it's we have to manage in complexes. 01:14:06.070 --> 01:14:15.590 So we have to have landowners that are willing to really care about the resource and not just about shooting that resource for a short time uh to really make a a difference on the landscape. 01:14:15.750 --> 01:14:17.270 But no, that's that's absolutely right. 01:14:17.590 --> 01:14:23.990 I mean, I and I've got great confidence that there's so many people that want to do right, but they just don't know what to do. 01:14:24.150 --> 01:14:24.310 Yeah. 01:14:24.950 --> 01:14:27.110 Even I want to know more and more all the time. 01:14:27.430 --> 01:14:27.990 Oh, yeah. 01:14:28.150 --> 01:14:28.470 Every end. 01:14:28.789 --> 01:14:37.670 I'd throw another caveat out there, besides do all you can with the habitat you work on, um, and you know, like you said, you mentioned you can donate to the wildlife organization. 01:14:37.990 --> 01:14:38.390 Absolutely. 01:14:38.550 --> 01:14:45.350 But go buy you an extra federal duck stamp, and that'll go directly to waterfowl conservation. 01:14:45.510 --> 01:14:45.670 Great. 01:14:45.990 --> 01:14:58.950 Well, the first TV shows hunting the country in the early 90s, and uh Paul Newsome was our host and one of the I think it might have been the very first show, but he was opening the show and he was talking about he was addressing anti-hunters and animal lovers. 01:14:59.190 --> 01:15:02.630 He said, if you love animals, you're an animal lover. 01:15:03.110 --> 01:15:18.789 He said, and you want to give money to be sure the most, the highest percentage of your money goes directly to an animal to help an animal, the top place you can donate to is go to whatever state you're in and buy a hunting license. 01:15:19.110 --> 01:15:20.230 And that shocked a lot of people. 01:15:20.390 --> 01:15:25.750 Oh, it isn't this giving it to PETA, it's giving it to this, it's giving to that, it's giving to a conservation organization. 01:15:25.910 --> 01:15:27.190 Not shorten any of those. 01:15:27.270 --> 01:15:30.310 Even the animal rights that that's you know, that's that's what people love.

01:15:30.390 --> 01:15:30.950 That's fine. 01:15:31.030 --> 01:15:32.230 I don't have a problem. 01:15:32.710 --> 01:15:34.630 But the truth is the truth. 01:15:34.869 --> 01:15:40.070 And buying a hunting license will do more for wildlife than anything you can do. 01:15:40.550 --> 01:15:40.950 Yep. 01:15:41.110 --> 01:15:41.990 Yeah, well said. 01:15:42.230 --> 01:15:44.150 Mac, you look like you had another question. 01:15:44.390 --> 01:15:44.870 I do. 01:15:44.950 --> 01:15:46.950 I I I have one for both of y'all. 01:15:47.030 --> 01:15:49.830 Uh, and I I want to get both of your answers, I guess. 01:15:50.150 --> 01:15:56.630 With a gamekeeper mindset, when would be the best time to put water on a hole? 01:15:57.030 --> 01:16:01.590 Also, when would be the last the best time to drain that that same hole? 01:16:02.310 --> 01:16:03.910 That'll all depend on what it is. 01:16:04.310 --> 01:16:06.630 You know, it that depends on on kind of habitat. 01:16:06.710 --> 01:16:12.790 If you're talking, you know, bottom line hardwood, wait as long as you can, make sure your tree's dormant before you put water on it. 01:16:13.030 --> 01:16:17.030 And then get the water off, you know, late winter, early spring. 01:16:17.190 --> 01:16:25.430 Um if it's uh if it's a hot food crop, depending on the time of year, you gotta think about how long that grain will last underwater or being flooded. 01:16:25.590 --> 01:16:27.750 So you gotta weigh in a lot of things there. 01:16:27.910 --> 01:16:36.470 But um with us now at home where folks starting to get some water on the landscape, um there's always an opportunity for some early water, you hope for a little rain. 01:16:36.550 --> 01:16:48.310 But I'd say at our latitude, right now is a fair time to start getting some water on some fields or catching some of the early migrants and then in the woods, I'd say you're okay starting to get a little water now. 01:16:48.390 --> 01:16:56.550 We've had three good hard frosts in a row, so but I'm not I'm not completely believing that these trees are all dormant. 01:16:56.630 --> 01:16:59.590 My trees are still dropping sap pretty good, they're still green. 01:16:59.750 --> 01:17:03.910 I think they're still sucking a little water, but uh let our certified smart person take it. 01:17:04.310 --> 01:17:05.030 No, no, no. 01:17:05.590 --> 01:17:07.510 Yeah it depends. 01:17:07.670 --> 01:17:08.550 It's very dependent. 01:17:08.630 --> 01:17:18.790 Uh so like Jim said, these trees are not dormant, so putting water on now is adding some sort of stress, whether that's got lasting impact impacts is is I think a fair question. 01:17:18.950 --> 01:17:26.550 Uh but in terms of gamekeeper and thinking about multiple populations, getting early water on is especially important on on fields and moist soil. 01:17:26.710 --> 01:17:29.750 For all these early migrants, blueing teal, uh, shorebirds. 01:17:29.830 --> 01:17:33.830 I'm a big birder, so I love all taxa birds. 01:17:33.910 --> 01:17:51.670 Uh but providing habitat for those those migrants is really lacking, especially across the south, because it's it's a dry time of year, and it's amazing how just a little bit of water on a rice field just flashing across can provide just incredible shorebird and an early migrant blueing teal and pintail habitat. 01:17:51.750 --> 01:17:55.350 Uh and it's it's cool to see the response when people are doing that. 01:17:55.990 --> 01:18:03.350 So, I mean, like if you've only got one little spot, I'll I'll add to it, you know, maybe get to know your neighbors better. 01:18:03.430 --> 01:18:10.070 You might could go on a cycle where one of you keeps the water on longer one year and and the other neighbor takes it off sooner. 01:18:10.150 --> 01:18:12.150 And just I speak to that. 01:18:12.230 --> 01:18:20.630 If I had one spot and that was it, I wouldn't be putting water on it right now because uh it'll be gone by the time the hunting gets really good. 01:18:20.870 --> 01:18:23.670 Or it will be not nearly as bait. 01:18:23.750 --> 01:18:30.150 I from my own experience they seem to like the freshly flooded food the very, very best. 01:18:30.310 --> 01:18:30.790 Oh yeah. 01:18:31.030 --> 01:18:41.670 You know, before it even gets kind of like it almost reminds me of pouring something on your you know, cornflakes, and they're a lot better when you eat them in the first few minutes than when they get soggy or something. 01:18:42.470 --> 01:18:51.270 You know, and so um if I could, I we can't really, we don't have the wherewithal, we have a lot of spots, but we don't have the wherewithal to really, really control it. 01:18:51.510 --> 01:18:56.870 I'd be I mean, I would want freshly flooded stuff around Christmas. 01:18:57.030 --> 01:19:02.390 I'd even save a few places for after the first, you know, because we go to the 31st of January. 01:19:02.950 --> 01:19:08.630 And the other thing for us is a big you know weakness. 01:19:08.790 --> 01:19:10.950 It's almost all in a major floodplain. 01:19:11.030 --> 01:19:21.510 So if we get one of those, I I can think of twice we went somewhere for Christmas a couple days and had such a flood it covered up everything, and we lose a lot of that native seed and millets. 01:19:21.670 --> 01:19:30.550 Yeah, when there's a lot of flow in the ponds when that happens, and so uh so my only point saying that well, I would be if you have multiple spots, I'd be saving some. 01:19:30.950 --> 01:19:31.350 Save some. 01:19:31.510 --> 01:19:40.550 And also, too, think about how Mother Nature did it before we had levees on the landscape and we're artificially holding water, artificially flooding for duck use or waterfowl use. 01:19:40.710 --> 01:19:45.110 Think of that, think of a river flow and you get a little rise and that feathered edge of fresh food. 01:19:45.190 --> 01:19:47.350 So you always try to emulate that through the year. 01:19:47.510 --> 01:19:52.950 So if you got a big track of woods, you know, start

maybe here, try to emulate how Mother Nature flooded it. 01:19:53.110 --> 01:19:53.910 We'll go a long way. 01:19:54.070 --> 01:20:02.790 Even with uh crop ground or or moist soil, if you can adjust that water level to you always got something fresh and something new for them to feed on, you'll be way better off. 01:20:03.190 --> 01:20:06.790 When we get a big water like that, it's really hard to hunt them for us. 01:20:07.110 --> 01:20:08.470 Yeah, because you didn't get too much water. 01:20:08.630 --> 01:20:23.350 Yeah, you we you know we go from having, you know, a few impoundments here up and down the the main creeks and stuff to to being, you know, like a you know, a couple hundred thousand acre reservoir, you know, because that whole bottom will flood from here to Chipelo and up north of Houston and all through there. 01:20:23.910 --> 01:20:28.630 But there'll always be where we can find some where it freshly flooded in the shallowest water. 01:20:28.870 --> 01:20:30.310 That's where they'll be every time. 01:20:30.710 --> 01:20:37.110 Keep in mind that most puddle duck species feed or most surface feeding birds feed in six inches of water or less. 01:20:37.270 --> 01:20:42.070 So um that's what they like to use whether they're eating seeds, grain, or bugs. 01:20:42.470 --> 01:20:44.230 There's so many different scenarios. 01:20:44.470 --> 01:20:44.630 Yeah. 01:20:44.790 --> 01:20:46.390 You know, what makes it font? 01:20:46.710 --> 01:20:48.630 You have to take it on a case-by-case basis. 01:20:48.870 --> 01:20:49.510 Yes. 01:20:50.310 --> 01:20:55.510 So Dudley, is uh any more of these questions bubbled up as something we need to uh ask? 01:20:55.990 --> 01:20:56.790 Let's see. 01:20:57.030 --> 01:21:00.710 Uh do moon phases affect waterfowl behavior? 01:21:00.950 --> 01:21:01.270 Great question. 01:21:01.510 --> 01:21:02.790 Taylor Bobo again. 01:21:03.190 --> 01:21:04.710 Yeah, that it that is a great question. 01:21:04.790 --> 01:21:05.830 That's something we're looking at. 01:21:05.910 --> 01:21:07.590 So we have a few different students. 01:21:07.750 --> 01:21:15.030 We're looking at at moon illumination, not just what moon illumination is at that time, but actually how many hours that moon's up at night. 01:21:15.190 --> 01:21:18.070 Uh, there's there's definitely a relationship there. 01:21:18.390 --> 01:21:25.910 Seems like there's a lot more evening uh post-dusk feeding at those greater moon illumination. 01:21:25.990 --> 01:21:38.710 So it's not really influencing the morning, uh, at least based on our transmitter data, but after sunset is really where they're able to keep moving around the landscape longer uh and feeding and escaping predation risk. 01:21:39.110 --> 01:21:39.990 Gotta have an influence. 01:21:40.870 --> 01:21:41.510 Yeah, no doubt. 01:21:41.830 --> 01:21:42.070 For sure. 01:21:42.390 --> 01:21:43.430 So I I've got a question. 01:21:43.670 --> 01:21:48.150 You've you brought one of these GPS transmitters that's laying here uh on the table. 01:21:48.230 --> 01:21:50.310 It's not very big, it weighs hardly anything. 01:21:50.470 --> 01:21:50.790 Yeah. 01:21:51.030 --> 01:21:56.070 So uh if a hunter uh harvests a bird that's got one of these, you want them to report that. 01:21:56.230 --> 01:21:59.510 That's not yeah, please guys, let somebody know. 01:21:59.670 --> 01:22:03.670 Don't don't uh that that's the only way they can can learn something, right? 01:22:03.830 --> 01:22:04.310 Yep, yeah. 01:22:04.470 --> 01:22:07.030 So we with these, we're gonna know if you shot one. 01:22:07.190 --> 01:22:10.630 I mean, I can I can track you to your house if you shot one and and it's still working. 01:22:10.870 --> 01:22:11.350 And that's happening. 01:22:12.710 --> 01:22:13.350 And I've done that. 01:22:14.150 --> 01:22:15.270 I'd love to hear that. 01:22:15.350 --> 01:22:22.470 Like somebody shot a duck out of season and realized it had a transmitter on it, and you know. 01:22:23.190 --> 01:22:26.390 Yeah, I I've I have two stories. 01:22:26.550 --> 01:22:33.750 So one was a can of goose transmitter that I worked up around Chicago uh looking at a bunch of different questions with the University of Illinois. 01:22:33.910 --> 01:22:38.550 But we had a transmitter that migrated up to Hudson Bay, coming back, got shot in Wisconsin. 01:22:38.710 --> 01:22:44.310 I'm guessing got shot off the road because all the locations were right around a county road and then it was in somebody's house. 01:22:44.470 --> 01:22:46.470 Didn't hear anything, banned wasn't reported. 01:22:46.550 --> 01:22:49.350 We had our phone number on the transmitter, didn't get a call. 01:22:49.430 --> 01:22:57.270 I was able to get on I guess I shouldn't say the server or the the the app because I don't know who you guys have partnerships with. 01:22:57.430 --> 01:23:11.670 But I got on an app, figured out who the landowner was, uh was able to track down, figure out that the lady had a son who was in like high school, and I was actually able to get his cell phone number, and I just cold called him, and he was he was spooked. 01:23:11.750 --> 01:23:21.430 I mean he was he definitely was a little weirded out, and and justifiably so, but it had been like three weeks since he since he shot it, uh, and I got the transmitter back. 01:23:21.830 --> 01:23:23.270 So so that was a good recovery. 01:23:23.350 --> 01:23:41.670 And then yeah, we've had a white-fronted goose uh that USGS put a transmitter on that they gave me the data to up in Alaska, and I got a a call from a a buddy uh who had a buddy who allegedly shot it off the highway with a rifle, seeing the red neck collar that the transmitter was attached to. 01:23:41.750 --> 01:23:42.150 Oh gosh. 01:23:42.470 --> 01:23:54.470 Acted like he was changing his tire, ran out, grabbed it, realized it had a transmitter, so he just bashed it with a hammer and and I guess still took it home, but we never got that transmitter back and stuff like that.

01:23:54.630 --> 01:23:54.950 Oh my god. 01:23:55.110 --> 01:23:55.990 Gets a little frustrating. 01:23:56.230 --> 01:23:56.710 So sad. 01:23:57.190 --> 01:23:58.070 Don't be a you know what. 01:23:58.230 --> 01:23:59.110 Yeah, just get them in. 01:23:59.590 --> 01:24:01.430 What's one of these transmitters cost? 01:24:01.670 --> 01:24:03.350 Uh they're about 1,100 bucks. 01:24:03.430 --> 01:24:09.190 Uh we could we could probably put one of those on Clay Davis's truck so we'd know where he's going. 01:24:09.510 --> 01:24:10.470 Could we do that to actually? 01:24:11.110 --> 01:24:11.990 No, you'd never keep up with it. 01:24:12.310 --> 01:24:12.790 Blow up. 01:24:12.870 --> 01:24:13.350 Yeah. 01:24:13.590 --> 01:24:14.790 He'd rewire it. 01:24:15.030 --> 01:24:22.310 So you got people donate money uh to y'all's organization, uh the Arkansas, University of Arkansas at Montala. 01:24:22.550 --> 01:24:29.190 Y'all are able to buy these, and through by having these, you're able to study the migration habits and know what's going on. 01:24:29.350 --> 01:24:32.470 So how could we how could we help get more of these in y'all's hands? 01:24:32.710 --> 01:24:33.190 Yeah, yeah. 01:24:33.350 --> 01:24:39.990 So uh the 5 Oaks Ag Research and Education Center is a 503C uh not-for-profit. 01:24:40.150 --> 01:25:00.710 So we're able to uh essentially get donations uh for these different projects, and we've got a lot of great funding partners and have worked with like Fish and Wildlife Service and uh a lot of kind of the the traditional funding routes as well as getting some some private and and industry uh sponsorship on some of these things. 01:25:01.190 --> 01:25:04.470 Sounds like we need to get some competition between the companies that make these. 01:25:04.950 --> 01:25:05.590 No doubt about it. 01:25:05.670 --> 01:25:15.110 I mean it seems like that what a great gift to conservation if they would actually I know they're in business to you know pay their families to make a living, but man. 01:25:15.430 --> 01:25:15.670 Yeah. 01:25:15.830 --> 01:25:23.750 Yeah, these ones are actually they're made in Lithuania, which when you tell the university that you want to send a check to Lithuania, they get a little freaked out. 01:25:23.830 --> 01:25:24.950 But they're they're incredible. 01:25:25.110 --> 01:25:26.550 We've we've had great luck with them. 01:25:26.870 --> 01:25:30.790 Transmitter technology is continuing to evolve and and get better. 01:25:31.430 --> 01:25:33.350 It literally hardly weighs anything. 01:25:33.670 --> 01:25:34.870 So you can strap that. 01:25:35.190 --> 01:25:38.070 There's a uh some kind of way you bind that to the bird's back. 01:25:38.390 --> 01:25:38.790 Yep, yep. 01:25:38.870 --> 01:25:44.310 So we're just using basically elastic ribbon uh to go around the front of the wings and then one behind the wings. 01:25:44.470 --> 01:25:51.190 And I think transmitter attachment definitely could get better, but that's the best we best we

have right now. 01:25:51.270 --> 01:25:52.710 And we we have a few birds. 01:25:52.790 --> 01:25:57.590 We just had one that was deployed in 2019 get shot in I think North Dakota. 01:25:57.830 --> 01:26:03.830 Uh so some of them are lasting quite a while, and in theory, so they have a solar panel on them with internal batteries. 01:26:03.990 --> 01:26:08.150 So in theory, that transmitter is going to work as long as that bird's alive. 01:26:08.230 --> 01:26:09.910 Uh so they can last a while. 01:26:10.070 --> 01:26:14.310 With candy geese, I have I have a transmitter on candy goose right now that's going on eight years. 01:26:14.550 --> 01:26:15.830 Oh, that's fascinating. 01:26:16.070 --> 01:26:16.790 Yeah, it's incredible. 01:26:17.910 --> 01:26:22.070 But the the science that is going on, um I mean, there's a number of schools, Ryan. 01:26:22.150 --> 01:26:26.070 We we Mississippi State's right here, we've we've talked to Brian from Tennessee. 01:26:26.870 --> 01:26:27.190 That's right. 01:26:27.270 --> 01:26:27.430 Yeah. 01:26:27.510 --> 01:26:33.110 And then we talked to a lot of different university uh professors, and the research that's going on is just fascinating. 01:26:33.270 --> 01:26:33.590 Yeah. 01:26:33.830 --> 01:26:34.630 It it it really is. 01:26:34.710 --> 01:26:39.430 And it's just I would think that with technology improving like it is, it's just gonna get that much better. 01:26:39.750 --> 01:26:40.150 Yes, sir. 01:26:40.390 --> 01:26:43.350 Yeah, and that's I'm I'm just trying to keep up with everybody else. 01:26:43.430 --> 01:26:45.750 There's lots of people that are a lot smarter than me. 01:26:46.070 --> 01:26:49.350 Um Jimbo, you've you know you've forgotten more than I'll ever know about any of this. 01:26:49.430 --> 01:26:52.390 But can you see these when you're looking and ducks are pitching in? 01:26:52.470 --> 01:26:54.070 Can you tell they've got a transmitter on them? 01:26:54.390 --> 01:26:54.710 I can't. 01:26:54.870 --> 01:27:01.510 I mean, once you if you're there when we put them on and you turn them loose, you see them for a little bit, but once they get used to them, it's hard to see them till you get the other thing. 01:27:01.670 --> 01:27:07.990 So I'm just saying, uh, if if if you're hunting, if you could tell that they're there, would you rather people not shoot the duck? 01:27:08.310 --> 01:27:12.630 Yeah, ideally they're they're giving us much better data when they're alive than when they're dead. 01:27:12.790 --> 01:27:16.550 But it's it's so hard to you're probably gonna see the leg band before you see the transmitter. 01:27:16.630 --> 01:27:25.190 We've even gotten pictures, the birds will actually preen in this entire transmitter, so the only thing you can even see in hand is the little solar panel sticking up. 01:27:25.750 --> 01:27:28.310 The biggest thing is please, please, please turn them in. 01:27:28.550 --> 01:27:31.590 Yep, please, please turn in transmitters, we'll send you a replica. 01:27:31.750 --> 01:27:33.350 Please always report your bands. 01:27:33.670 --> 01:27:36.470 Uh that's incredibly important data that we're working with a lot too. 01:27:36.710 --> 01:27:41.990 Now, if you see one coming in with a piece of rye straw hanging off its leg, it's probably banded and it may have one of them on it. 01:27:42.230 --> 01:27:51.750 Yeah, I there was, I guess it's been watch out now, five or six years, and there was this uh someone thought it was wounded, and then but it kept come by. 01:27:51.910 --> 01:27:54.870 It turned out we could tell, and that's not the easiest thing to determine. 01:27:54.950 --> 01:27:57.590 It was a hen red uh hen canvas back. 01:27:58.470 --> 01:28:06.790 And someone's like it was wounded, the legs just sticking out behind it, whatever, and then there's several different hunts. 01:28:06.870 --> 01:28:09.750 We saw this duck, but it was it was a canvas back and couldn't shoot him. 01:28:09.910 --> 01:28:14.390 Thank goodness we realized what it was, but it it turned out it was an antenna sticking out. 01:28:14.550 --> 01:28:14.950 Oh wow. 01:28:15.510 --> 01:28:17.750 So it had to be something along these lines. 01:28:18.070 --> 01:28:23.750 Yeah, they've so with diving ducks, these don't work as well just because they have to dive and it's creating more resistance. 01:28:23.910 --> 01:28:26.550 So a lot of time with diving ducts they'll actually implant the transmitter. 01:28:26.950 --> 01:28:29.590 Yeah, so it was like uh it was like a little antenna thing sticking out. 01:28:29.990 --> 01:28:30.630 Sticking out of its back. 01:28:31.350 --> 01:28:32.950 She may have been spying on you, Tacis. 01:28:34.390 --> 01:28:42.710 I still remember, but it looked like when they fly by, it was like a a wounded duck that can't hold its legs up under and it's just kind of sticking out behind them. 01:28:43.110 --> 01:28:43.910 But it, you know. 01:28:44.230 --> 01:28:44.390 Yeah. 01:28:44.550 --> 01:29:02.710 There's some funny stories, especially around like Iran and and Egypt, where researchers are putting transmitters on things and then the foreign government's capturing them and claiming it's the other government spying on them with the and there I there could be some truth to it, but I know a lot of good researchers have have run into some of those questions. 01:29:03.030 --> 01:29:07.510 When you put that on a on a duck and you pitch it in the air, does it react? 01:29:07.910 --> 01:29:11.110 Does it with that does it act like, oh my gosh, something on my back? 01:29:11.350 --> 01:29:11.430 Yeah. 01:29:11.670 --> 01:29:12.790 Yeah, it it depends. 01:29:12.950 --> 01:29:14.310 Sometimes they fly great. 01:29:14.390 --> 01:29:19.670 Uh sometimes they really have to get it preened in before they're feeling comfortable enough to really move around. 01:29:20.070 --> 01:29:27.030 So the reason I ask is when we first started the Hunt in the Country television show, I've went to North Dakota and filmed a with

the U.S. 01:29:27.110 --> 01:29:37.910 Fish and Wildlife Service banding some ducks, and it was a it was a late summer, and and they had fed them, and these ducks would make this huge push up to this bait. 01:29:38.070 --> 01:29:47.030 And the ducks in the front didn't want to go up there because they knew something was fixing to happen, but the ducks in the back were pushing, and they just it was just the most fascinating thing. 01:29:47.270 --> 01:29:54.070 But at the end of the day, when you would hold up a duck and put a band on their leg, they would drop that leg like you had put an anvil. 01:29:54.630 --> 01:29:56.390 And you know that a band weighs nothing. 01:29:56.550 --> 01:29:56.710 Yeah. 01:29:56.950 --> 01:30:00.550 But they they would you would throw them in the air and they'd fly off and that leg would be hanging down. 01:30:00.790 --> 01:30:01.430 Yeah, yeah. 01:30:01.590 --> 01:30:11.110 Yeah, it it freaks them out for sure at the start, and there's all sorts of other, you know, gang of rocket that shot over you wouldn't be a real pleasant experience in the first place. 01:30:11.510 --> 01:30:13.750 I mean, my wedding band took a while to get used to. 01:30:13.910 --> 01:30:14.070 Yeah. 01:30:14.150 --> 01:30:14.310 Yeah. 01:30:14.550 --> 01:30:14.950 That's true. 01:30:15.350 --> 01:30:18.390 Yeah, they they definitely notice it, but they they adapt pretty quick. 01:30:18.870 --> 01:30:20.710 So what questions are we not asking? 01:30:20.790 --> 01:30:33.590 What what's something interesting that you need to tell us that we're not asking about in terms of migration or red oaks or any new studies or yeah, game farm mallards uh is a big topic right now. 01:30:33.830 --> 01:30:40.390 So releasing these kind of European-strained mallards uh into the population mostly for recreation. 01:30:40.470 --> 01:30:43.270 Clubs have been doing it out in the Atlantic flyway for a long time. 01:30:43.350 --> 01:30:46.150 There's still clubs even across the country doing it. 01:30:46.310 --> 01:30:49.510 Uh, but they're really driving a lot of hybridization. 01:30:49.590 --> 01:31:00.870 So this is all, again, people a lot smarter than me, Phil Lovetsky at uh Texas and um El Paso really getting into this and drilling down into it. 01:31:01.030 --> 01:31:09.110 But there's a pretty high proportion of of Atlantic flyaway mallards and Great Lakes mallards that are not native North American mallards. 01:31:09.190 --> 01:31:22.310 They're these introduced game far mallards that were bred to be smaller, uh different morph metrics, so they're even their bill morphology is different, so they're more equipped to eat like big seeds like corn and and pellet feed, basically. 01:31:22.630 --> 01:31:27.510 And we know that's having some influence on on our kind of native North American mallards. 01:31:27.750 --> 01:31:32.070 So you think it's making them more vulnerable and not as successful to nest and so forth. 01:31:32.470 --> 01:31:38.230 So just want to

get make it clear what you're saying is that practice is not good for disease. 01:31:38.630 --> 01:31:39.110 No, no. 01:31:39.430 --> 01:31:45.110 Uh and it's probably influencing even migration distributional things to where these ducks might be. 01:31:45.510 --> 01:31:47.670 There's there's nothing about that that sounds like it can be. 01:31:48.790 --> 01:31:49.110 Yeah. 01:31:49.270 --> 01:31:52.630 Yeah, and there's I it's pretty emergent. 01:31:52.710 --> 01:32:14.230 I mean, that's it's fairly recent, uh, and we're kind of getting involved in some of that and starting to use transmitters paired with those genetic data to to really think about if those ducks are moving around the landscape differently and and how kind of how much affinity they have to urban areas versus more natural WRP and moist soil type areas. 01:32:14.550 --> 01:32:37.910 Yeah, well, I would just say that's a good hope and pray if something is definitively proven with quantitative, scrubbed, perfect research to be detrimental to wild game and wildlife, that it's addressed and banned and doesn't allow to keep getting going going on just because of whatever monetary or financial reasons. 01:32:38.310 --> 01:32:50.550 So one of Oh my god, probably one of the biggest negatives, one of the biggest negatives that I think Lavretsky's work has clearly shown is that these same game farm alerts are really what's driving hybridization with black ducks. 01:32:50.790 --> 01:32:51.430 Uh that's yeah. 01:32:51.750 --> 01:32:58.310 Which is data's also showing that there's still a pretty distinct black duck lineage that's kind of staying separate from that. 01:32:58.390 --> 01:33:02.630 But apparently these game farm allards will mate with anything. 01:33:02.790 --> 01:33:11.030 Uh so that's really where we think we think they're driving a lot of that hybridization with with black ducks and model ducks, uh, these introduced mallards. 01:33:11.350 --> 01:33:14.470 Well, you know, look, well, we sh I started off mentioning the black duck. 01:33:14.550 --> 01:33:16.470 It's one it probably my favorite duck. 01:33:16.550 --> 01:33:16.630 Yeah. 01:33:17.030 --> 01:33:20.470 And I can think of a handful, I don't think I've killed but a couple. 01:33:20.710 --> 01:33:22.950 But just the thought sometimes I've been in the blindfold. 01:33:23.830 --> 01:33:26.310 We kill them every hunt back in the crazy. 01:33:26.710 --> 01:33:28.310 Late 70s into the 80s, right there. 01:33:28.390 --> 01:33:29.110 I didn't realize that. 01:33:29.350 --> 01:33:36.070 I've been hunting on Toxas Plus when a group of milers swung by in the sunshine and somebody said there's a black duck, and it's like nobody says anything. 01:33:36.630 --> 01:33:40.150 We might not even shoot into that group just because we know how rare it is. 01:33:40.230 --> 01:33:40.390 Yep. 01:33:40.630 --> 01:33:50.470 And to think that something might be damaging the lineage of the But I mean, we don't and this is that was a different place because that was actually at the Cottrell Lake. 01:33:50.550 --> 01:33:51.910 That's the only place we had at the time. 01:33:52.070 --> 01:34:03.830 And I guess they they'd used that over the years and were coming back every year, but I skipped to where we've got north of there ten miles and got so much stuff now, uh, we don't even see one a year. 01:34:04.790 --> 01:34:05.670 No, you know. 01:34:06.070 --> 01:34:09.990 You can always tell around us if you've had a big storm system in the northeast. 01:34:10.070 --> 01:34:15.750 We stop you you and if you're hunting in especially in northeast Arkansas, you'll pick up a few black ducks. 01:34:15.990 --> 01:34:22.710 Or if you have a big river in the white, white and caches up and there's a big push out of the northeast, they'll come down to Ohio and you pick some up. 01:34:22.950 --> 01:34:27.030 But it's a the Chris and them guys, when I was hunting with them in Ohio, killed a black duck. 01:34:27.110 --> 01:34:27.910 I was excited. 01:34:28.070 --> 01:34:34.470 And one of the guys we was hunting with was a writer by the name of Rick Nimichek, and he was hunting with me years ago, and we killed a black duck at home. 01:34:34.550 --> 01:34:37.350 He said, Man, Jimbo, I remember you getting awfully excited about that. 01:34:37.510 --> 01:34:40.550 I said, Well, yeah, they're pretty much kind of a trophy at home. 01:34:40.710 --> 01:34:43.510 You know, you shoot a black duck, you it's a cool deal. 01:34:43.670 --> 01:34:45.990 And you know, they shoot them pretty regular up there. 01:34:46.070 --> 01:34:47.270 So pretty neat. 01:34:47.510 --> 01:34:47.910 Yeah, yeah. 01:34:47.990 --> 01:34:48.390 And I'm gonna do it. 01:34:48.550 --> 01:34:49.350 We've seen some hybrids. 01:34:49.510 --> 01:34:50.390 We have seen hybrids. 01:34:50.550 --> 01:34:50.870 Have you? 01:34:51.830 --> 01:34:54.870 We've uh quite a few had the glazed green head. 01:34:55.030 --> 01:34:55.190 Yep. 01:34:55.750 --> 01:34:55.990 Yep. 01:34:56.710 --> 01:34:57.590 Yeah, well, good luck. 01:34:58.070 --> 01:35:06.870 Keep us posted on that because that's yeah, Phil Lavretsky would be another he gives great talks, really, really neat guy. 01:35:07.110 --> 01:35:09.270 So maybe we'd get him to write an article. 01:35:09.670 --> 01:35:10.630 Yeah, we could. 01:35:10.790 --> 01:35:12.550 Uh look, we're we will love ducks. 01:35:12.710 --> 01:35:18.710 Anything that uh that that could be detrimental, we will figure out if it's not in my best interest. 01:35:19.030 --> 01:35:27.270 One thing we should all strive for in love of the wild is the We're scared of the truth. 01:35:27.350 --> 01:35:27.590 Yeah. 01:35:27.750 --> 01:35:32.230 And let's just let the let the truth have sunlight and let the chips fall where they may. 01:35:32.310 --> 01:35:35.350 I mean, you know, it may be something detrimental to us, but you know what? 01:35:35.430 --> 01:35:37.510 We'll have to shift gears and do something different, I guess.

01:35:37.590 --> 01:35:37.990 But yeah. 01:35:38.230 --> 01:35:39.910 What we don't need to do is hide the truth. 01:35:40.230 --> 01:35:40.390 Yeah. 01:35:40.470 --> 01:35:43.590 Well, and that's I'm in a really neat position, and and Dr. 01:35:43.750 --> 01:35:46.950 Osborne and I are in a really neat position with our partnership with Mr. 01:35:47.030 --> 01:36:04.310 George at Five Oaks is we can pursue some of these questions that I mean typically university studies wouldn't address and really really use management and I mean the resource holders, the stakeholders in all this to help guide guide our research. 01:36:04.470 --> 01:36:07.430 And that's been a really neat neat opportunity through this program. 01:36:08.710 --> 01:36:12.870 So look, uh we're we're at at this stage of the conversation. 01:36:12.950 --> 01:36:17.030 I think I'd like to turn it over to Dudley and let him do some rapid fire questions to you. 01:36:17.350 --> 01:36:17.590 Oh, yeah. 01:36:18.950 --> 01:36:20.950 So Ryan, these are gonna be pointed at you now. 01:36:21.350 --> 01:36:26.070 We've got a little segment we call rapid fire, and it's brought to you by our friends at Springfield Armory. 01:36:26.390 --> 01:36:29.510 Lanny, you had your pistol on your hip the other day. 01:36:29.670 --> 01:36:35.350 I'm gonna tell you what, that's a that's a serious piece of equipment, is the best I can put it, that's for sure. 01:36:35.590 --> 01:36:37.430 They're nice pistols, they sure are. 01:36:37.670 --> 01:36:39.990 All right, so Ryan, so Dudley's got some questions. 01:36:40.070 --> 01:36:42.310 You just we're gonna turn over the phone. 01:36:43.910 --> 01:36:44.870 A or B, yes or no? 01:36:45.110 --> 01:36:45.670 Boom, boom, boom. 01:36:46.150 --> 01:36:48.230 I can give you two, you can pick one or say neither. 01:36:48.310 --> 01:36:49.350 So there's not a wrong answer. 01:36:49.510 --> 01:36:49.670 Okay. 01:36:49.830 --> 01:36:51.910 Just let everybody get to know you a little bit better. 01:36:52.630 --> 01:36:53.190 All right. 01:36:53.990 --> 01:36:54.310 All right. 01:36:54.470 --> 01:36:56.070 Fire that meat back up. 01:36:56.390 --> 01:36:56.950 Are you ready? 01:36:57.110 --> 01:36:57.750 Yes, sir. 01:36:57.910 --> 01:36:58.310 All right. 01:36:58.550 --> 01:36:59.910 Duck meat or deer meat? 01:37:00.150 --> 01:37:00.470 Duck. 01:37:00.790 --> 01:37:01.830 Fried or grilled? 01:37:02.150 --> 01:37:02.630 Grilled. 01:37:02.870 --> 01:37:04.150 Hearts or gizzards? 01:37:04.390 --> 01:37:04.790 Ooh. 01:37:05.270 --> 01:37:06.390 Gizzards. 01:37:06.870 --> 01:37:07.590 Good man. 01:37:07.750 --> 01:37:09.670 Uh semi-auto or over and under? 01:37:09.990 --> 01:37:10.550 Semi-auto. 01:37:10.950 --> 01:37:12.310 Divers or dabblers? 01:37:12.550 --> 01:37:13.190 Dabblers. 01:37:13.910 --> 01:37:16.870 Boat or blind or natural hunting? 01:37:17.110 --> 01:37:17.830 Natural. 01:37:18.150 --> 01:37:19.670 Public or private. 01:37:23.030 --> 01:37:23.910 Private. 01:37:25.830 --> 01:37:27.670 Camera or shotgun? 01:37:28.710 --> 01:37:29.350 Both. 01:37:30.230 --> 01:37:31.590 Sony or Canon? 01:37:31.830 --> 01:37:32.710 Oh, neither. 01:37:33.030 --> 01:37:33.590 Oh, whoa. 01:37:33.750 --> 01:37:34.630 Are you a Nikon man? 01:37:34.870 --> 01:37:35.110 I am. 01:37:35.190 --> 01:37:35.990 I am a Nikon man. 01:37:36.390 --> 01:37:37.350 I love you even more. 01:37:37.910 --> 01:37:41.030 Uh blind food, sweet or salty. 01:37:41.350 --> 01:37:42.230 That's sweet. 01:37:42.390 --> 01:37:42.790 Alright. 01:37:42.950 --> 01:37:43.190 Always. 01:37:43.430 --> 01:37:44.870 Single read or double read. 01:37:45.030 --> 01:37:45.430 Single. 01:37:45.670 --> 01:37:47.030 Finally, which is cooler? 01:37:47.270 --> 01:37:50.070 Hybrid duck or Jack Minor banded duck? 01:37:50.870 --> 01:37:51.590 Hybrid. 01:37:52.710 --> 01:37:54.150 I gotta take hybrid. 01:37:57.910 --> 01:37:59.350 I'm a hybrid guy myself. 01:37:59.670 --> 01:38:01.990 I I know where that Jack Minor band came from right away. 01:38:02.870 --> 01:38:05.110 That story is one of the coolest parts for me. 01:38:05.430 --> 01:38:05.590 Yeah. 01:38:06.230 --> 01:38:06.550 It was good. 01:38:07.110 --> 01:38:07.350 Good job. 01:38:09.110 --> 01:38:10.150 I'm glad I didn't disappoint. 01:38:10.310 --> 01:38:10.630 No, no. 01:38:10.870 --> 01:38:18.390 But but too many tracks, public or private, because it's like, I'm gonna have to be honest, but I don't want to say it. 01:38:19.350 --> 01:38:20.150 Yeah, yeah. 01:38:20.470 --> 01:38:25.910 Rob and I were talking about these questions earlier, and we were talking about the cameras, so I gotta rib Robin. 01:38:27.030 --> 01:38:27.670 I'm sorry. 01:38:28.230 --> 01:38:30.470 I was I was like, is it Nikon or Canon? 01:38:30.550 --> 01:38:35.030 And he was like, a lot of people are shooting Sony now, so it's probably more of a Sony or Canon. 01:38:35.510 --> 01:38:35.670 Yeah. 01:38:35.830 --> 01:38:37.430 No, I I've I've talked about switching some. 01:38:37.910 --> 01:38:39.830 I was the Nikon guy back in my day as well. 01:38:40.230 --> 01:38:41.910 Yeah, we started that on Nikons too. 01:38:42.150 --> 01:38:43.270 Fiercely loyal. 01:38:43.590 --> 01:38:44.070 Love it. 01:38:44.310 --> 01:38:46.390 Well, look, let's let's do this now. 01:38:46.470 --> 01:38:50.070 So uh now we'll ask a trivia question of both of you guys. 01:38:50.150 --> 01:38:55.350 Oh if y'all get it right, one of our listeners will win a prize, and so we turn it over to Mac here. 01:38:55.430 --> 01:38:58.230 So Mike and if they get it wrong, we're still gonna give them a prize. 01:38:58.470 --> 01:38:58.550 Okay. 01:38:59.030 --> 01:38:59.990 Oh, even better. 01:39:00.150 --> 01:39:01.030 It takes the pressure off. 01:39:01.270 --> 01:39:01.750 I like that. 01:39:01.910 --> 01:39:11.110 Yeah, so we've got uh we've got a lot, we've got this Nozzler number nine edition, and we've got a Princeton headlight that we can give away this week.

01:39:11.190 --> 01:39:15.670 So I've read my Nozzler a whole case. 01:39:15.910 --> 01:39:16.630 A whole case of chips. 01:39:16.950 --> 01:39:17.190 Wow. 01:39:17.750 --> 01:39:19.670 Dudley has cracked into every case of chips. 01:39:20.070 --> 01:39:22.070 Yeah, minus the ones that Dudley ate out of there. 01:39:22.710 --> 01:39:30.390 I uh I've got a Nozzler eight right by the bed, and I've got it memorized, and uh I don't reload a lot, but it's really interesting. 01:39:30.790 --> 01:39:34.150 It it it it actually is, and we'll get Dudley to sign this advantage. 01:39:34.550 --> 01:39:35.110 Oh my gosh. 01:39:35.430 --> 01:39:38.710 That would lower the value. 01:39:39.030 --> 01:39:39.510 Yeah. 01:39:39.670 --> 01:39:39.990 Yeah. 01:39:40.230 --> 01:39:42.790 So I think this question, if I'll go ahead and say this. 01:39:42.950 --> 01:39:45.350 I I think you guys will knock this one out of the park. 01:39:45.510 --> 01:39:49.590 But I think some of our listeners will learn something if they'll pay attention to something. 01:39:49.830 --> 01:39:52.390 Oh, what if they don't, Bobby? 01:39:53.590 --> 01:39:54.070 We're gonna try. 01:39:54.230 --> 01:39:58.630 Yeah, you can you can phone a friend, either one of you can phone a friend next to you. 01:39:58.870 --> 01:40:02.390 All right, so we're playing for J M Hearn. 01:40:02.550 --> 01:40:08.790 And uh if they get this right, J M, reach out to us on Gamekeepers at Mawsey Oak.com. 01:40:08.950 --> 01:40:14.790 That's G-A-M-E-K-E-E-P-E-R-S at Mossy Oak. 01:40:15.270 --> 01:40:15.670 Wow, wow. 01:40:16.230 --> 01:40:17.030 Good job, Matt. 01:40:17.350 --> 01:40:19.270 Passed the spelling test for today, didn't he? 01:40:19.510 --> 01:40:21.590 I just want to make sure make sure he gets his prize. 01:40:21.910 --> 01:40:22.230 There you go. 01:40:22.470 --> 01:40:22.710 All right. 01:40:23.350 --> 01:40:35.670 All right, so the question is what is the term used to describe the ducks when ducks and geese turn vertical in flight to drop rapidly in altitude? 01:40:37.590 --> 01:40:38.470 Whiffling. 01:40:40.870 --> 01:40:41.110 Wow. 01:40:41.430 --> 01:40:42.550 That was a bit correct. 01:40:43.350 --> 01:40:44.470 Wait, say that again. 01:40:44.710 --> 01:40:45.350 Whiffling. 01:40:45.670 --> 01:40:46.150 Whiffling? 01:40:46.470 --> 01:40:46.950 Whiffling. 01:40:47.190 --> 01:40:47.430 Okay. 01:40:47.910 --> 01:40:50.230 You know, we had a whole series, whiffling wings. 01:40:50.390 --> 01:40:50.870 Yeah. 01:40:51.830 --> 01:40:52.230 Yeah. 01:40:53.750 --> 01:40:55.270 The Mike Tyson series. 01:40:55.830 --> 01:40:56.470 Yeah. 01:40:56.790 --> 01:40:57.910 That's good, Tyson. 01:40:58.310 --> 01:40:58.790 That's really good. 01:40:58.950 --> 01:41:01.030 Now I did hear the term the other day on the spec hunt. 01:41:01.110 --> 01:41:02.790 One fella called it chink a pennin. 01:41:02.870 --> 01:41:03.190 Huh? 01:41:03.270 --> 01:41:04.150 Chinka penin'. 01:41:04.310 --> 01:41:05.590 I have no idea

where it comes from. 01:41:05.670 --> 01:41:07.190 I've heard it called waffling too. 01:41:07.350 --> 01:41:07.590 I don't know. 01:41:08.150 --> 01:41:09.590 Waffling, wiffling, something. 01:41:10.390 --> 01:41:13.110 I heard that question yesterday and I did not know the answer. 01:41:13.350 --> 01:41:14.390 So yeah, now I know. 01:41:15.110 --> 01:41:16.710 Landy, you were you gonna say waffling? 01:41:16.870 --> 01:41:18.950 Well, I thought I was I thought I was gonna get answer. 01:41:19.030 --> 01:41:20.310 So you know I could confuse. 01:41:20.790 --> 01:41:22.070 Yeah, but I was gonna say waffling. 01:41:22.310 --> 01:41:23.190 Yeah, well, that's pretty close. 01:41:23.270 --> 01:41:26.470 So well, Dudley, have you got ask uh Dudley question? 01:41:26.790 --> 01:41:27.430 I do. 01:41:27.590 --> 01:41:30.550 Um guy named Craig sent this in. 01:41:31.190 --> 01:41:35.430 Um and it's uh similar to what some of the stuff we've been talking about. 01:41:35.750 --> 01:41:42.550 Uh Dudley, can you give me some tips for getting y'all seedlings established in an area that typically floods? 01:41:42.790 --> 01:41:48.790 We're in a hunting camp inside the levee uh on the Mississippi River, kind of near Greenville, Mississippi. 01:41:49.990 --> 01:41:50.550 Great question. 01:41:50.870 --> 01:41:51.270 Great question. 01:41:51.590 --> 01:41:52.070 I'm listening in. 01:41:52.550 --> 01:41:57.430 And that can probably go into the you know the duck hole thing. 01:41:57.750 --> 01:42:00.870 We probably need to cover that as well while we're here. 01:42:01.270 --> 01:42:11.670 But uh I've sold a lot of uh trees and tubes to folks that are inside the levee, and you know, a lot of times the the river gets up gets up and and floods. 01:42:11.830 --> 01:42:29.350 Um but what I have learned just from uh reading and learning uh and and do it myself and feedback from customers is that uh one of the best ways to do that is to mitigate your risk by splitting your planting season. 01:42:29.670 --> 01:42:35.190 So if you can do a little bit of fall planting and a little bit of spring planting. 01:42:35.510 --> 01:42:39.030 Because oftentimes you don't know when you're gonna get that flood. 01:42:39.670 --> 01:42:51.190 Um and then uh another thing is just try to pick uh when you're planting trees, try to pick just there may even be a three-inch difference in elevation. 01:42:51.430 --> 01:43:06.230 Um so uh instead of just planting on a twenty-five by twenty five grid or whatever, uh go out of your way to try to pick little bitty micro sites where where there may be a higher elevation. 01:43:06.710 --> 01:43:13.830 So a bigger issue is not whether it got flooded for a month or two, but that it's in standing water for months at a time. 01:43:14.230 --> 01:43:14.630 That's the issue. 01:43:14.950 --> 01:43:15.190 Yeah. 01:43:15.350 --> 01:43:22.550 Um and if it if it gets over the head of the seedling, that can be more detrimental because it it can't breathe. 01:43:22.630 --> 01:43:25.350 That the tip is is covered in water. 01:43:25.670 --> 01:43:27.990 Uh the colder the water, the better. 01:43:28.310 --> 01:43:31.670 Uh if there's movement in the water, that's better. 01:43:31.830 --> 01:43:35.190 So you know, stagnant or warmer water is worse. 01:43:35.830 --> 01:43:39.110 Um but it it's it's really all over the place. 01:43:39.270 --> 01:43:44.710 I've had customers uh you remember the year that uh the South Delta flooded so much. 01:43:45.270 --> 01:43:53.110 I had people tell me that they had trees underwater completely submerged for seven months and still had 80% survival. 01:43:53.350 --> 01:43:53.510 Wow. 01:43:53.670 --> 01:43:59.350 And then I've had customers that you know did have the moving water in the winter that lost a lot more. 01:43:59.510 --> 01:44:17.110 And that could have been maybe the soil eroding around the roots, you know, almost like creating a little eddy or a swirl where the where the root um so if you had to choose though, one or the other, would you say if you can get your water off immediately after duck season, that'd be the best time. 01:44:17.430 --> 01:44:17.750 Yes. 01:44:17.990 --> 01:44:40.310 And and I guess since we're on this subject, if this is a a duck impoundment that you can control the water on, um first I would say if you have one duck hole, I probably, as much as I want you guys to buy my trees, I would probably say don't just have your one duck hole covered in oak trees. 01:44:40.550 --> 01:44:41.430 Oh no, not completely. 01:44:42.310 --> 01:44:43.910 Or plant them along the bank, maybe. 01:44:44.150 --> 01:44:44.230 Right. 01:44:44.390 --> 01:44:45.510 Yeah, plant them along the bank where it's a big thing. 01:44:47.110 --> 01:44:48.470 We have a lot of folks doing that. 01:44:48.630 --> 01:44:51.110 Plant them along the bank where the acorns can fall in. 01:44:51.590 --> 01:44:57.750 The leaves are just as beneficial for the they'll sure crawl up on a dry bank to eat a eat acreage. 01:44:58.230 --> 01:45:03.510 This may sound like a capped and obvious answer, but make sure you're planting species-specific trees to a bottomland area. 01:45:03.910 --> 01:45:04.230 Obviously. 01:45:04.870 --> 01:45:10.550 So um here in the south, we typically do a mix of willow oak and nut all oak. 01:45:10.630 --> 01:45:30.950 Uh, if you want to get crazy with it, um, I would say the order of flood tolerance, and you may disagree, would be uh nut all, then willow, and the further north you've got pin oak, which is probably tied with willow oak, and then you start getting into uh water oak and cherry bark. 01:45:31.750 --> 01:45:38.710 Um and those would be water oak and cherry bark would be the ones you would want to flood the latest and get the water off the soonest. 01:45:39.510 --> 01:45:50.150 Um and if you are gonna plant trees in a duck hole and flood it every year and keep the water on for a really long time, don't you'll you'll be let down. 01:45:50.230 -->

01:45:53.590 You may want to do some moist soil stuff instead. 01:45:54.550 --> 01:45:56.310 So it's good. 01:45:58.470 --> 01:46:10.710 Yeah, and and if you've got any questions that are specific to your particular scenario, don't hesitate to email me uh nursery at mossyoke.com and I'll try and get you a specific answer. 01:46:10.950 --> 01:46:11.910 He'll get you fixed up. 01:46:12.150 --> 01:46:12.950 Good stuff like that. 01:46:13.190 --> 01:46:13.750 Yeah, yeah. 01:46:13.830 --> 01:46:15.430 We well, we should have enjoyed having y'all. 01:46:15.670 --> 01:46:16.390 Yeah, this is a good thing. 01:46:16.550 --> 01:46:17.510 Thank you all for having here. 01:46:17.590 --> 01:46:17.830 Yeah. 01:46:17.990 --> 01:46:18.310 Enjoy. 01:46:18.550 --> 01:46:19.110 We've learned a lot. 01:46:19.430 --> 01:46:20.710 We have as much fun as you do. 01:46:21.510 --> 01:46:22.070 Oh, yeah. 01:46:22.230 --> 01:46:23.990 Well, that's good, because I had a lot of fun. 01:46:24.150 --> 01:46:24.550 That's good. 01:46:25.350 --> 01:46:27.350 One more quick question along those lines. 01:46:27.590 --> 01:46:34.070 So, how how big of an acre is too big for you almost we almost got by without that question. 01:46:34.230 --> 01:46:34.870 That's a good one. 01:46:35.910 --> 01:46:37.830 So are are nut alls too big for them? 01:46:38.230 --> 01:46:38.550 No. 01:46:39.110 --> 01:46:39.270 No. 01:46:39.510 --> 01:46:41.190 Nutalls are not too big. 01:46:41.350 --> 01:46:46.150 Uh it's when you get into like delta post oak and uh even shumard. 01:46:46.470 --> 01:46:48.150 Ooh, delta post and shumard. 01:46:48.230 --> 01:46:48.630 That's yeah. 01:46:49.030 --> 01:46:50.310 Schumard's getting pretty big. 01:46:50.550 --> 01:46:52.870 And I I've definitely heard that they can. 01:46:53.190 --> 01:46:53.750 They can. 01:46:53.830 --> 01:46:54.790 I I don't have to be a little bit more than a lot of people. 01:46:55.030 --> 01:47:05.270 The only one I've seen as a kid, I saw on many occasions I saw wood ducks stuffed all the way down from the back of their beak all the way down with swamp chestnuts. 01:47:05.510 --> 01:47:05.910 Oh wow. 01:47:06.150 --> 01:47:06.390 Wow. 01:47:06.710 --> 01:47:12.550 And yes, and I I've never seen another duck eat them before, but I think a wood duck will eat any acre. 01:47:12.870 --> 01:47:13.110 Yeah. 01:47:13.350 --> 01:47:13.990 Interesting. 01:47:14.230 --> 01:47:14.630 Yeah. 01:47:14.870 --> 01:47:18.710 Yeah, that's hopefully with this DNA data, this this diet study will that. 01:47:19.110 --> 01:47:19.750 Have you back in a year? 01:47:20.710 --> 01:47:21.510 Give me a better answer. 01:47:21.590 --> 01:47:22.550 I can't wait to hear about that. 01:47:22.790 --> 01:47:23.030 Yeah. 01:47:23.270 --> 01:47:25.910 Ronner, did you ever watch our television show on the outdoor channel? 01:47:26.070 --> 01:47:26.230 Oh, yeah. 01:47:26.470 --> 01:47:26.710 Yes, sir. 01:47:26.950 --> 01:47:29.270 So Richie, talk about putting him on the spot. 01:47:29.990 --> 01:47:30.950 Do you expect him to say no? 01:47:31.190 --> 01:47:32.390 Do y'all have a TV show? 01:47:32.470 --> 01:47:32.950 I didn't know that. 01:47:33.190 --> 01:47:33.670 Game what? 01:47:33.830 --> 01:47:35.030 Richie, let's hook up with him. 01:47:35.350 --> 01:47:39.990 I bet you he's got some subject matters for television that would be off the off the charts. 01:47:41.430 --> 01:47:42.230 I imagine so. 01:47:42.470 --> 01:47:42.630 Yeah. 01:47:42.790 --> 01:47:43.910 So would you would you make a promise? 01:47:44.630 --> 01:47:45.510 Promise, Richie, you'll look into it. 01:47:45.670 --> 01:47:46.150 Richie woke up. 01:47:46.230 --> 01:47:49.110 Good to promise me, Richie, that you'll look into that. 01:47:49.590 --> 01:47:50.310 I'll do what I can. 01:47:50.710 --> 01:47:52.390 Words from the mountaintop right there. 01:47:52.550 --> 01:47:52.790 There you go. 01:47:53.670 --> 01:47:54.310 Public record. 01:47:54.550 --> 01:47:56.310 Yeah, so Ryan, thank you for being here. 01:47:57.110 --> 01:47:58.550 Jim, y'all traveled all the way down. 01:47:58.870 --> 01:48:02.470 And I know y'all got to get back because you're trying to put boards in some risers this evening before. 01:48:03.110 --> 01:48:04.710 That rain toxic talking about is coming. 01:48:04.790 --> 01:48:06.470 It's going to hit us before it hits him first. 01:48:07.750 --> 01:48:08.230 I just hope. 01:48:08.470 --> 01:48:09.430 Hey, I don't want to talk about it. 01:48:09.510 --> 01:48:09.830 Never mind. 01:48:09.910 --> 01:48:09.990 Yeah. 01:48:10.070 --> 01:48:10.630 Don't say right now. 01:48:10.790 --> 01:48:11.350 I don't want janks. 01:48:11.670 --> 01:48:15.190 I have enough stuff stopped up that I'm I'm probably comfortable. 01:48:15.510 --> 01:48:16.550 I'm just going to say this. 01:48:16.710 --> 01:48:21.030 My family is setting up a tailgate Saturday, so it is going to rain. 01:48:21.830 --> 01:48:22.230 Oh, yeah. 01:48:22.870 --> 01:48:23.830 We don't have to worry about that. 01:48:24.150 --> 01:48:24.550 That'll do it. 01:48:24.710 --> 01:48:25.510 You may be right. 01:48:25.910 --> 01:48:29.350 Maybe cutting hail do it every time. 01:48:30.710 --> 01:48:36.230 So look, guys, we'd uh we would appreciate if you'd watch the TV show Tuesday nights, the gamekeepers of Mossy Uc. 01:48:36.310 --> 01:48:37.270 Y'all check us out. 01:48:37.350 --> 01:48:39.990 Uh if you enjoy the podcast, please share it with your friends. 01:48:40.150 --> 01:48:41.910 Subscribe to it, give us a review. 01:48:42.070 --> 01:48:43.510 You might even win a prize. 01:48:43.590 --> 01:48:44.790 So we've had a lot of fun. 01:48:44.870 --> 01:48:45.750 I'm looking at Toxie. 01:48:45.830 --> 01:48:49.590 If you've got anything else you want to cover or points you want to cover, I know your stomach's rumbling. 01:48:50.390 --> 01:48:53.510 I'm thinking, do we can we make it under the wire for fried chicken? 01:48:53.590 --> 01:48:54.390 It's gonna be close. 01:48:54.870 --> 01:48:55.990 Show us some fried chicken. 01:48:56.150 --> 01:49:00.390 Yeah, well, don't stand in front of Lanny, but between Lanny and the door when this is over with. 01:49:00.550 --> 01:49:01.990 So say goodbye, Dudley. 01:49:02.550 --> 01:49:03.350 Oh, no, I'm sorry. 01:49:03.830 --> 01:49:04.310 Sorry, sorry? 01:49:04.630 --> 01:49:06.070 One one last shameless plug. 01:49:06.230 --> 01:49:06.470 Oh god. 01:49:07.190 --> 01:49:14.230 With this Five Oaks program, we're we're trying to train the next generation of science-based gamekeepers. 01:49:14.310 --> 01:49:18.470 So we've got four graduate certificate students right now that we're training up. 01:49:18.550 --> 01:49:20.790 We're giving them science background through UAM. 01:49:20.870 --> 01:49:25.510 Uh they're getting the habitat, the hands-on equipment operation experience at Five Oaks. 01:49:25.670 --> 01:49:36.550 Uh, and we're just if there's anybody looking for for new managers uh that they're looking to hire in the next few years, we should be pumping four great fresh people out every every single year. 01:49:36.630 --> 01:49:37.430 So four goals. 01:49:38.630 --> 01:49:42.230 Yeah, and and have y'all got a like uh a uh Instagram hand. 01:49:42.710 --> 01:49:43.670 We've got an Instagram, yep. 01:49:43.910 --> 01:49:48.390 So it's Faux Agrec, which is Five Oaks Ag Research and Education Center. 01:49:48.470 --> 01:49:49.590 Uh we've got a website. 01:49:49.670 --> 01:49:52.790 You can just Google Five Oaks and you should be able to find the research center. 01:49:54.790 --> 01:49:56.230 That would be fantastic, yeah. 01:49:56.390 --> 01:49:56.950 Really appreciate it. 01:49:57.190 --> 01:49:57.430 Okay. 01:49:57.510 --> 01:49:58.870 All right, Jim, you got anything? 01:49:59.030 --> 01:49:59.190 No. 01:49:59.510 --> 01:50:02.550 Man, uh yeah, just plug uh check out drakewaterfowl.com. 01:50:02.630 --> 01:50:03.030 There you go. 01:50:03.190 --> 01:50:03.590 There you go. 01:50:03.990 --> 01:50:04.710 That's that sounds good. 01:50:04.870 --> 01:50:06.150 All right, say goodbye, Dudley. 01:50:06.230 --> 01:50:06.870 Goodbye, Dudley. 01:50:07.110 --> 01:50:08.230 Get us out of here, Mac Mac. 01:50:08.630 --> 01:50:10.070 Quack, quack, quack. 01:50:12.630 --> 01:50:16.550 Thanks for tuning in to this week's episode of the Game Keeper Podcast. 01:50:16.630 --> 01:50:18.390 And be sure to tune in again. 01:50:18.550 --> 01:50:28.630 Subscribe to Game Keeper Farming for Wildlife magazine, and don't miss the Macio Properties Fistful of Dirt podcast with my good buddy, Ronnie Cuz Strickland.