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Hi, and welcome to Nassio Voices, where we talk all things state IT.
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I'm Amy Glasscock in Lexington, Kentucky.
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And I'm Alex Whittaker in Washington, D.C.
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Today we're joined by NASCIO's Deputy Executive Director and Cybersecurity Guru, Meredith Ward, to tell us about the newly released 2026 NASCIO Deloitte Cybersecurity Study.
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The biannual study was released just a couple of weeks ago at our mid-year conference, and we just weren't done talking about it.
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So, Meredith, welcome back to NASCIO Voices.
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Hey y'all, thanks for having me.
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And I'll say for those of you who do not adjust your speakers, it is allergy season in Kentucky, and I sound a little different, but that's all right.
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Everything's blooming.
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That's all right.
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But thanks y'all for inviting me back.
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Yeah, happy to have you.
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And definitely understand your allergy woes.
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My my season's pretty much wrapped up now, but for others it's just getting started.
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So it depends on which trees are your enemies.
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Uh-huh.
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Yes, although I do love trees and I refuse to not go outside.
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So I know.
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What are you gonna do?
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Pharmaceuticals for the win.
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I know.
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All right, so Meredith, first of all, tell us what the NASCIO-Deloitte Cybersecurity Study is and why it dropped in the spring instead of the fall.
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So since 2010, NASCIO has partnered with Deloitte on doing a survey of state CISOs.
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We do it every other year.
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And so the point we're trying to understand the cyber landscape across state government, where CISOs are, what their priorities are, things like that.
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So this year we had all 50 states and two territories respond, which I'm pretty proud of.
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And yeah, Amy, you're right.
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We normally have debuted the study at NASCIO's annual conference, but it can get pretty busy.
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We also have the CIO survey every single year.
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So I wanted to change it to mid-year so it can get a little bit more starshine.
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So one of the biggest findings in this year's study was the sharp drop in CISO's confidence in their ability to protect state systems.
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What do you think is driving that change?
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Oh, Alex, it seems like that's the only headline that I've read in the days since we've released the study.
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And I promise it's not all doom and gloom, but there is some doom, both doom and gloom.
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So a couple of things that come to mind, every state CISO, their job is like playing whack-a-mole.
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And if there's anyone else from the 1900s listening, you know what that is.
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If you played whack-a-mole back in the day, it can also be compared to Angry Dodgeball every single day.
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They're constantly, they have new things thrown at them.
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It's high stakes, it's high pressure.
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So with increasing AI-enabled threats, an increase in worries about critical infrastructure and what their role is, funding being reduced or staying the same, it's it's a lot, to put it mildly.
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Yeah.
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So AI does show up a lot throughout the report as both a threat and an opportunity.
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So I'm wondering how are state CIOs, sorry, state CISOs thinking differently about AI in 2026 compared to even two years ago, or maybe in our case, even two months ago.
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How's the how's how have things evolved?
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Right.
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It's every single day.
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What's the new thing?
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So I will start with some good news since I talked about doom and gloom earlier.
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So good news is 94% of state CISOs are actively involved with the development of Gen AI security policies, 84% Gen AI strategy development, and 84% in use case review.
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So that's pretty good.
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And we also know CISOs have been using regular old AI, traditional AI, I think is what Amy calls it, for years in cyber operations.
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But we now know that nearly all are or they're planning to use Gen AI to enhance cyber operations.
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Obviously, that's been a big topic of discussion this week and last.
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And the other thing that we know, the majority of CISOs are responsible for protection from AI-based external threats, and they're also responsible for use by use of AI by public employees or state employees.
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So what that really tells me is that states know that CISOs need to be involved, they need to be at the table, which is good, but have to weigh that out with some bad news.
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And this is where a lot of the headlines have come from.
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Not just this, but a lot.
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But so when we asked CISOs about the confidence in dealing
Load full transcript
with AI-enabled threats, 49% said they are only somewhat confident, 33% said they're not very confident, and 8% said not confident at all.
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No dice.
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So we only had 10% that said they were very confident.
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And I think those that 10%, I think I can speak for the CISOs.
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Please share your secrets.
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Not publicly, but share it with your fellow CISOs.
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So I don't want to say the sky is falling, but I think there's so much apprehension because again, like we talked about earlier, nobody knows what new technology hell SISOs will face tomorrow.
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As soon as someone comes up with a tool intended to be used for good, somebody somewhere finds some way to use it for bad.
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And I think that's what they deal with every single day.
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We've been talking, you know, as you mentioned a lot about that, like around mythos, like great opportunity to find cybersecurity vulnerabilities, but that goes both ways.
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Exactly.
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It's a threat and an opportunity.
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Yeah, exactly.
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So this idea of whole of state cybersecurity really stood out to me in the study.
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And first of all, can you please define the term for us?
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Because I feel like sometimes people are throwing it around, possibly inaccurately.
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But also, what does whole of state cybersecurity actually look like in practice and why are more states moving in that direction?
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Yeah, absolutely.
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So basic, whole of state is a concept based on the idea that cyber is everyone's responsibility.
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And I know the two of you all have heard me say that when I'm out speaking and things like that.
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It's basically the states providing support to entities outside the government through information sharing, assistance.
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It's not always financial support.
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It is we're getting together and talking about these things.
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The other entities could include local governments, critical infrastructure.
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That would be like special water districts, power grid, things like that, K-12, higher ed, private entities, public health, like hospitals.
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We've heard a lot in the last little bit about hospitals being attacked.
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I promise I will not talk about the pit like I did at the session at Comfort.
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I love the show.
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See, I know.
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That's what I did.
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But anyway, so it's everybody is united to work together towards strengthening cyber, everybody within the state.
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So again, the bad actors, they don't care about state, county, city, jurisdiction borders.
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So we all have to work together.
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So what the survey found about a whole of state that states are in different places on this issue.
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And we all know NASCIO, we say all the time, if you've seen one state, you've seen one state.
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But there's a good portion of states are moving aggressively towards greater state support.
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Others are still focusing on state information assets and exploring and exploring possibilities.
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And this has been I get asked this question a lot, and it especially when we were talking years ago and we just called this state and local collaboration.
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Does the state have the funding to do this?
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Do they have the authority?
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Because as everybody knows, most states are home rule.
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The state can't come in and say, all right, we're taking over your infrastructure, local government.
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They just don't have the authority to do that.
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So, but I feel like a broken record, but I tell CISOs and states this all the time, and it's not really CISOs who need convincing, but you don't need authority to send a message, introduce yourself, build a relationship.
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That's the first step.
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So it's when something goes wrong that folks know who to reach out to and who they can ask for help.
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So I know the state and local cyber grant has greatly improved some whole estate capabilities.
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We obviously hope it continues.
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States have made some good progress with local government, but there's a lot of work to be done.
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So a plug for continuation of the grant.
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Yeah, absolutely.
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And that that plug was unscripted too for the record, but that was just organic.
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I didn't ask her to do that.
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Yeah, she just he just Venmoed me 20 bucks for the grant program.
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Yeah, that's right.
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I'll have to pitch in.
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I guess it comes out of our taxes.
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But anyway, that's true.
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All right, so in in looking at the rapport, there seems to be a growing concern too about local governments and higher education becoming weak points in
the broader cybersecurity ecosystem, which goes back to what you were just talking about.
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When it does come if we could just be a little more specific about local governments and higher ed, what are CISOs most worried about there?
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Yeah, and I apologize to everyone.
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This is a little bit more doom and gloom.
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But so the big sticking factor here, CISOs aren't very confident in the cyber practices of local governments.
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In fact, there was no CISO that said they are very confident in the practices of local governments.
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So this stems a lot from what we were talking about a bit ago with the whole of state.
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State CISOs know that local governments are struggling and they need assistance.
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If you think about it, I think there's about 20,000 cities, towns, villages, local governments in this country.
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The overwhelming majority, I think it's three-quarters, have a population of less than 5,000.
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So they may not have a CIO, definitely don't have a CISO, they don't have the funding to fight all of these threats and things that are being thrown at them on a daily basis.
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Something that I've said for years, it could be the same person who's out mowing the lawn is also setting up your laptop.
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That's just the nature of local government in these small places.
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So but again, like I said before, the bad actors don't care what city, town, village, state, hauler you're from.
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If any northerners need to know what a hauler is, by the way, just shoot me an email.
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But anyway, no bad actor says, Oh, well, this is the county line.
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I'll just I'll stop attacking right here.
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I'm done.
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Nobody says that.
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So the state sysos no, if one is attacked, others are likely to as well.
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The state is likely to get attacked.
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And again, it's that mentality of whole estate, we're all in this together.
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Yeah.
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Got it.
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So one thing that really surprised me was that measuring cybersecurity effectiveness became a top priority this year.
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So why are CISOs putting so much emphasis on metrics right now?
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Well, Alex, I'm glad you asked because I think that can be tied back to the budget data.
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So in the report, we talk a little bit about budgets.
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Some have stayed the same, some have gone down.
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Very few have seen an increase, and that is cybersecurity budgets as part of overall IT budgets, is how we kind of measure that.
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So CISOs are really having to prove every dollar that they have has been allotted and that has been put to good use.
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This isn't just on their state legislature or administrators, whatever, it's for Congress.
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And I think now is a great time to restate how much we support reauthorizing the state and local cyber grant.
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Can never do it too many times.
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You can never you can't ever.
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But I think it's also proving to local governments from the state and the private sector, this is what CISOs have been preaching.
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It's working.
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It's kind of like, all right, if we work together, we're gonna we're gonna make some things work.
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So I believe the proof, as they say, is in the pudding.
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Mm-hmm.
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Right.
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And the report paints a pretty tough picture around budgets and workforce challenges, and at the same time, though, threats are getting even more sophisticated, which is something we see really on a weekly basis.
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So are SISOs feeling like they're being asked to do more with less?
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Oh, Alex, that's funny.
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I think that if you asked Gen AI program to create a picture of a state CISO, that saying might be what's on their t-shirts, doing more with less.
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I think that's how state governments operate, certainly how CISOs operate.
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They're not in public service for the fame and fortune.
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And like I said earlier, they're dedicated public service servants.
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So a big part of their mission, it's doing what's right.
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I've heard CISOs say that all the time when people say, Why is this our responsibility to do XYZ?
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And you'll hear state CISO go, because it's the right thing to do.
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But again, they can't do it alone.
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It's so incredibly important.
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They need support from elected and appointed officials and obviously funding to do their job effectively.
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As I said earlier, cyber is everyone's responsibility.
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We need all hands on deck.
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So that's the thing about cyber.
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Again, I get asked this anytime I brief or testify in a state legislature.
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It's like, when are we gonna be done
funding cyber?
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And I say, like, never, you know?
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And that's daunting.
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Of course it is.
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I think that goes back to why it's so challenging to be a state CISO, because it's what are we gonna wake up to today?
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So cyber has to be, it's a toolbox.
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You don't just have one thing that's gonna solve all your problems.
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It's every single day trying to fight and be prepared for what's coming around the corner, even though sometimes it's absolutely impossible because folks aren't psychics.
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If you are a psychic and you're in cyber, let me know because I think that'd be an interesting interview to do.
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Yeah, that'd actually be really interesting.
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For this podcast.
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Yeah.
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So it could be it's a niche.
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Well, I think we know the answer to that, but it's a niche topic for the pod.
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Yeah.
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On the doing less, doing more with less, that was also a big theme that came out of the chief privacy officer survey this year, too.
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So, like you said, across government, that's a tough challenge right now, and probably has been for a while.
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Yeah.
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Yeah.
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So, Meredith, it's always so interesting to hear how things are shifting and changing every two years in the world of the state, CISO.
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So thank you so much for that overview.
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And I encourage everyone to go check it out on our website, nascio.org uh at the resource center.
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Very easy to find.
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But now, Meredith, the segment that everyone really wants to hear.
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The lightning round.
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Are you ready?
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Oh, sound effect.
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There's just a really good sound effect.
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Yep, I love it.
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So if you were not deputy executive director of NASCIO, your actual dream job, what would your secret dream dream job be?
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My dream job is getting to work with the two of you every single day.
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All right, just kidding.
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Um, I appreciate that.
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That's right.
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We do have an excellent NASCIO team, though, y'all.
00:14:13.120 --> 00:14:19.679
So if I didn't have to worry about money, I would play in the dirt and be a farmer.
00:14:19.679 --> 00:14:23.519
So it's like in share in clueless, you're like a farmer.
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No, wait, it wasn't her, it was the other one.
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I digress.
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Anyway.
00:14:26.960 --> 00:14:33.519
So you guys know, I think I come from a long line of farmers in my family, and it's tough work.
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It's hard to make ends meet.
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Ends meet, excuse me, but as my husband will tell you, working in the garden is one of my favorite things.
00:14:40.639 --> 00:14:43.519
I have some snazzy gardening overalls.
00:14:43.519 --> 00:14:46.480
So yeah, if you're lucky, I might take a picture and show you.
00:14:46.480 --> 00:14:47.679
But it's my favorite thing.
00:14:47.919 --> 00:14:49.519
My wife won't let me buy overalls.
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I really want to.
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Oh, I just got some for my birthday for my working around the house projects.
00:14:54.639 --> 00:14:55.519
So love it.
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They're so good.
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Yeah.
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Yeah.
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My best friend tries to ban them, and I was like, nope, no, Amanda, I will wear these.
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Thank you.
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If you're working hard, ain't nobody got time for a waistband.
00:15:04.879 --> 00:15:05.759
Thank you.
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Yeah.
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Also, Amy, will you please send this episode to Amanda and tell her she's now been put on notice that we can wear overballs.
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Okay.
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All right.
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Second question.
00:15:14.720 --> 00:15:18.399
If you could instantly master one skill, what would it be?
00:15:18.799 --> 00:15:25.120
Well, I think since we're about to go on vacation next week, what's on my mind is learning another language really quickly.
00:15:25.120 --> 00:15:27.360
So it's so cool to me.
00:15:27.360 --> 00:15:30.320
There's so many people in this world who know more than one language.
00:15:30.320 --> 00:15:35.919
I can speak Spanish enough to get through a Spanish-speaking country, if that makes sense.
00:15:35.919 --> 00:15:37.440
But I'm not conversational.
00:15:37.440 --> 00:15:38.639
I miss a lot of stuff.
00:15:38.639 --> 00:15:40.399
It's literally where is bathroom?
00:15:40.399 --> 00:15:40.639
Yeah.
00:15:40.639 --> 00:15:41.519
And I can do that.
00:15:41.519 --> 00:15:43.279
But this is so random.
00:15:43.279 --> 00:15:49.759
So I don't know if y'all remember there was a 1990s movie called Phenomenon with John Travolta.
00:15:49.759 --> 00:15:54.000
So he gets struck by lightning, something like that, and he's a genius for four days.
00:15:54.000 --> 00:15:57.039
He learns these new languages, languages in a matter of hours.
00:15:57.039 --> 00:15:58.240
And it's super cool.
00:15:58.240 --> 00:16:02.879
And I remember seeing that when I
was a kid, and I was like, oh man, that'd be so cool.
00:16:02.879 --> 00:16:06.320
Unfortunately, it turns out, spoiler alert, he had a brain tumor.
00:16:06.320 --> 00:16:08.240
Yeah, you get the point.
00:16:08.799 --> 00:16:11.200
Was wondering if you were gonna follow up with how that movie ended.
00:16:11.600 --> 00:16:11.840
Yeah.
00:16:11.840 --> 00:16:15.279
So let's let's be realistic, but let's if we can dream.
00:16:15.279 --> 00:16:16.320
That's what she, you know.
00:16:16.320 --> 00:16:18.080
You asked me if I had magic, what would I do?
00:16:18.080 --> 00:16:18.559
Yeah.
00:16:18.559 --> 00:16:20.240
I like that language, yeah.
00:16:20.480 --> 00:16:20.879
Yeah.
00:16:21.279 --> 00:16:22.639
I actually think about that movie a lot.
00:16:22.639 --> 00:16:24.960
I think it was one of the first movies I saw in theaters.
00:16:24.960 --> 00:16:26.159
So interesting.
00:16:26.240 --> 00:16:27.519
And Forrest Whitaker's in it.
00:16:27.519 --> 00:16:28.159
You can't go wrong.
00:16:28.320 --> 00:16:28.639
Yeah.
00:16:28.639 --> 00:16:34.159
Alright, so is there an app, gadget, or tool that you've discovered recently that you're obsessed with?
00:16:34.480 --> 00:16:36.080
So I recently got.
00:16:36.080 --> 00:16:38.799
If my husband can hear me, he's gonna roll his eyes.
00:16:38.799 --> 00:16:44.639
He's so over this, but I got a countertop automated electric composter.
00:16:44.639 --> 00:16:48.480
So as previously mentioned, I love to garden.
00:16:48.480 --> 00:16:52.000
And if anybody else out there gardens good compost is so good.
00:16:52.000 --> 00:16:55.519
I love going out to the garden, getting fresh veggies, blah, blah, blah.
00:16:55.519 --> 00:17:04.240
So I kind of said at the beginning of this year, I don't do resolutions because I think they're just kind of BS, but I did say I want to try and cut down on waste.
00:17:04.240 --> 00:17:07.359
So this is one way that we're doing this at my house.
00:17:07.359 --> 00:17:11.599
You just put your food waste in there and turn it on, and it's amazing.
00:17:11.599 --> 00:17:14.480
Then you have a couple hours later, you have compost.
00:17:14.480 --> 00:17:22.559
So I am available to come back on the pod to talk about composting, John Travolta 90s movies, and cybersecurity.
00:17:22.559 --> 00:17:23.599
Also procurement.
00:17:23.599 --> 00:17:24.000
Yeah.
00:17:24.000 --> 00:17:25.519
Any other topics that I missed?
00:17:25.519 --> 00:17:26.319
True crime.
00:17:26.319 --> 00:17:28.000
Didn't talk too much about it.
00:17:28.000 --> 00:17:29.519
I didn't mention it until now.
00:17:29.519 --> 00:17:29.920
Yeah.
00:17:29.920 --> 00:17:31.599
And I I deserve a six for that.
00:17:31.680 --> 00:17:35.680
So before we start a recording, we did talk about people stealing our identities.
00:17:35.680 --> 00:17:36.799
So that's some crime there.
00:17:36.960 --> 00:17:38.000
Y'all, that is terrifying.
00:17:38.000 --> 00:17:40.319
I can't believe you can steal kids' identities.
00:17:40.319 --> 00:17:41.119
That's terrible.
00:17:41.119 --> 00:17:41.759
Yeah.
00:17:41.759 --> 00:17:42.799
Anyway.
00:17:43.039 --> 00:17:44.160
All right, Meredith.
00:17:44.160 --> 00:17:45.359
Well, that is our time.
00:17:45.359 --> 00:17:48.400
And I know you are busy and headed out on vacation soon.
00:17:48.400 --> 00:17:49.599
So we will let you go.
00:17:49.599 --> 00:17:52.000
But thanks so much for sharing the survey with us.
00:17:52.000 --> 00:17:54.960
And again, we'll put a link in the show notes and encourage everybody to read it.
00:17:55.200 --> 00:17:55.759
Absolutely.
00:17:55.759 --> 00:17:58.319
And you did not want me to talk more about gardening or compost.
00:17:58.319 --> 00:17:59.039
That's okay.
00:17:59.200 --> 00:17:59.599
We're good.
00:18:00.240 --> 00:18:00.400
Okay.
00:18:00.400 --> 00:18:00.720
All right.
00:18:01.039 --> 00:18:02.640
So that one that's behind the paywall.
00:18:02.640 --> 00:18:05.200
Thanks again for listening to NASCIO Voices.
00:18:05.200 --> 00:18:09.599
NASCIO Voices is a production of the National Association of State Chief Information Officers.
00:18:09.599 --> 00:18:11.039
Learn more at NASCIO.org.
00:18:11.200 --> 00:18:12.160
We'll be back in two weeks.
00:18:12.160 --> 00:18:17.440
Don't forget to check out the cyber study on the NASCIO Resource Center, along with lots of other great NASCIO reports.