Fuld transskription af From Hell

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WEBVTT 00:00:10.469 --> 00:00:18.230 Welcome to Criminal Adaptations, where we take a look at some of your favorite movies and the true crime stories that inspired them. 00:00:18.230 --> 00:00:19.189 I'm Remy. 00:00:19.189 --> 00:00:24.229 I spent over a decade working in the film and television industry in Los Angeles, California. 00:00:24.469 --> 00:00:29.670 And I'm Ashley, a clinical psychologist and forensic evaluator in the state of Oregon. 00:00:29.990 --> 00:00:31.750 Welcome back, everybody. 00:00:31.750 --> 00:00:40.309 So glad you could all join us once again for one of our more historic episodes. 00:00:40.309 --> 00:00:48.149 Now, Ashley, if you could go back in time and solve one unsolved mystery in all of history, what would it be? 00:00:48.469 --> 00:00:50.869 Ooh, way to put me on the spot. 00:00:50.869 --> 00:00:53.589 That is a really tough question. 00:00:53.589 --> 00:00:58.949 The first thing that comes to my mind is what happened to Amelia Earhart? 00:00:58.949 --> 00:01:03.989 Not just where she is, because obviously her plane crashed somewhere, but like where did it crash? 00:01:03.989 --> 00:01:05.430 Did she die immediately? 00:01:05.430 --> 00:01:06.950 Was she alive for a while? 00:01:06.950 --> 00:01:08.469 I think that would be interesting. 00:01:08.790 --> 00:01:14.230 I think I would have to pick the subject of today's episode. 00:01:14.230 --> 00:01:16.069 Jack the Ripper. 00:01:16.069 --> 00:01:24.709 And that's probably because it's almost 140 years old, and everyone is still arguing about who did it. 00:01:24.709 --> 00:01:31.030 I mean, it's probably the most famous unsolved serial killer murder spree of all time. 00:01:31.269 --> 00:01:33.429 The Zodiac would be a good one too. 00:01:33.750 --> 00:01:46.149 I know every couple of years somebody comes out with definitive proof that they know who Jack the Ripper is, and everyone spends a bunch of time talking about it, and then it's completely bullshit. 00:01:46.469 --> 00:01:50.469 Oh yeah, we will get into a lot of those claims today. 00:01:50.870 --> 00:01:58.789 That is because today we will be covering probably the most famous movie to tackle this mystery, From Hell. 00:01:58.789 --> 00:02:10.710 The only problem is it doesn't exactly try and solve the case, and instead it creates a conspiracy theory, so insane that it kind of ends up being pretty entertaining. 00:02:10.710 --> 00:02:28.230 And we've got a lot to cover today, so let's find out what happens when you take one of history's most famous unsolved murder cases, throw in a royal conspiracy, a secret society, Johnny Depp, and apparently some psychic detective powers as well. 00:02:29.510 --> 00:02:38.150 One day, men will look back and say I gave birth to the 20th century. 00:02:39.430 --> 00:02:48.070 From Hell was released in 2001 and was directed by Albert and Alan Hughes, better known as the Hughes Brothers. 00:02:48.070 --> 00:03:02.950 It was written by Terry Hayes and Raphael Iglesias, and stars Johnny Depp as Inspector Frederick Aberleen, the Scottinyard detective investigating the Whitechapel murders, alongside Heather Graham as Mary Kelly. 00:03:02.950 --> 00:03:11.910 The supporting cast includes Ian Holm, Ian Richardson, Jason Fleming, and Hagrid himself, Robbie Coltrane. 00:03:11.910 --> 00:03:13.990 You're a wizard, Harry. 00:03:13.990 --> 00:03:22.070 Now, although the movie takes place during the Jack the Ripper murders, it isn't a direct adaptation of the real case. 00:03:22.070 --> 00:03:30.230 Instead, it's based on Alan Moore and Eddie Campbell's graphic novel, From Hell, which I also read for this episode. 00:03:30.550 --> 00:03:33.510 And man, is it a beast of a book? 00:03:33.830 --> 00:03:41.910 Alan Moore first began developing From Hell in the late 1980s after becoming fascinated with the Jack the Ripper murders. 00:03:41.910 --> 00:03:53.430 He became so obsessed with the case that he even enlisted fellow comic writer Neil Gaiman to help him track down rare books and historical documents at the British Museum. 00:03:53.430 --> 00:04:01.830 The story began publication in serialized installments in 1989 before finally wrapping up in 1998. 00:04:01.830 --> 00:04:04.150 That is a really long run. 00:04:04.150 --> 00:04:17.350 Rather than trying to solve the Ripper murders, Moore built his story around a theory proposed by author Stephen Knight in his 1976 book, Jack the Ripper: The Final Solution. 00:04:17.350 --> 00:04:29.189 The theory claimed the murders were part of a royal conspiracy involving Prince Albert Victor, Queen Victoria's grandson, which became the foundation for Moore's own story. 00:04:29.509 --> 00:04:39.990 And I don't even get into this theory because it was so convoluted and involved like three separate people and just made no sense to me in my opinion, so I just discounted it. 00:04:40.389 --> 00:04:53.189 From Hell went on to become one of the most acclaimed graphic novels of the 1990s, and it didn't take long before From Hell became the very first Alan Moore work to receive a feature film adaptation. 00:04:53.189 --> 00:05:11.589 Moore, however, wanted absolutely nothing to do with the project and intentionally distance himself from the production, later stating that he preferred not to watch film adaptations of his work because he viewed comic books and movies as two entirely different mediums. 00:05:11.589 --> 00:05:20.229 The project itself spent several years bouncing around Hollywood before eventually landing at 20th Century Fox. 00:05:20.229 --> 00:05:29.990 Around that same time, the Hughes brothers signed on to direct after passing on Planet of the Apes, which Tim Burton went on to direct, unfortunately. 00:05:29.990 --> 00:05:43.029 From Hell was a natural fit for the brothers who had been fascinated with Jack the Ripper ever since they were about seven years old after watching an episode of In Search of, hosted by Leonard Nimoy. 00:05:43.029 --> 00:06:01.589 They spent years reading

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books and watching documentaries about the murders, and by the time From Hell came along, they had already made a name for themselves with Menace to Society, Dead Presidents, and American Pimp, eventually landing From Hell as their first major studio production. 00:06:01.589 --> 00:06:15.029 According to the Hughes brothers, Daniel Day Lewis was their first choice to play Inspector Aberleen, and both Brad Pitt and Jude Law were reportedly considered before Johnny Depp ultimately signed on. 00:06:15.349 --> 00:06:18.949 Would you have preferred any of those actors over Johnny Depp? 00:06:19.189 --> 00:06:23.109 I don't think any of those actors could have saved this film, unfortunately. 00:06:23.109 --> 00:06:25.029 Not even Daniel Day. 00:06:25.029 --> 00:06:27.990 Though he would have done a much better job. 00:06:27.990 --> 00:06:37.269 Ironically, Depp initially turned the role down because he'd just finished playing another investigator in Victorian England in Sleepy Hollow. 00:06:37.269 --> 00:06:43.589 But his longtime interest in Jack the Ripper eventually convinced him to take part in the project. 00:06:43.589 --> 00:06:51.189 He later said he'd been reading books about the murders since childhood and owned more than two dozen on the subject. 00:06:52.149 --> 00:06:55.509 I was about seven, maybe seven, eight years old. 00:06:55.509 --> 00:07:05.669 And I remember seeing a documentary on public television about uh about the Ripper and uh just that that began the fascination, you know. 00:07:05.669 --> 00:07:19.509 I was just immediately uh intrigued and uh wanted to learn more and was amazed that such a huge case and such an awful crime had gone on unsolved for hundreds and so hundreds of years. 00:07:19.509 --> 00:07:21.349 So uh yeah. 00:07:21.349 --> 00:07:22.789 Studd early. 00:07:23.990 --> 00:07:27.909 Oh Johnny, it hasn't been hundreds of years. 00:07:27.909 --> 00:07:29.509 Someone's not good at math. 00:07:29.509 --> 00:07:34.949 Also, I would be so concerned if I had a seven-year-old boy who became obsessed with Jack the Ripper. 00:07:35.430 --> 00:07:35.750 Right? 00:07:35.750 --> 00:07:40.069 The directors started getting interested in him around that same time. 00:07:40.069 --> 00:07:44.149 I was not into serial killers when I was seven or eight years old. 00:07:44.149 --> 00:07:52.870 In Alan Moore's graphic novel, Inspector Frederick Aberleen is portrayed as a highly respected Scotland Yard detective. 00:07:52.870 --> 00:08:04.629 But once Depp landed the role, the character was rewritten as a younger inspector whose opium addiction gives him psychic visions that help guide his investigation. 00:08:04.629 --> 00:08:07.189 Can you guys hear my eyes rolling? 00:08:07.189 --> 00:08:18.709 You may recognize this tired old psychic detective trope from characters like Alison Dubois in Medium, Johnny Smith in The Dead Zone, or Wednesday Adams in Wednesday. 00:08:18.709 --> 00:08:28.629 And personally speaking, I've always found the whole investigator conveniently sees visions of the crime thing to be pretty cliche and unimaginative. 00:08:28.629 --> 00:08:35.190 The story itself also underwent some pretty major changes from the graphic novel. 00:08:35.190 --> 00:08:47.590 In Moore's original version, readers learned the killer's identity relatively early in the story, making it less of a murder mystery and more of a character study centered on Sir William Gull. 00:08:47.590 --> 00:08:59.190 The movie ditches this concept completely and instead turns the story into a more traditional whodunit built around Aberleen trying to solve the murders. 00:08:59.190 --> 00:09:07.750 And personally speaking, the graphic novel is a thousand times better than the movie is, but we'll get more into that later. 00:09:07.750 --> 00:09:26.389 The film also invents Aberleen's romance with Mary Kelly and greatly scales back the graphic novel's heavy focus on Freemasonry, the occult, and Gull's lengthy philosophical monologues in an effort to make the story more accessible to general audiences. 00:09:26.389 --> 00:09:32.790 I know, I know, we'll get into it. 00:09:32.790 --> 00:09:40.389 Principal photography began on June 5th, 2000, with most of the film shot in Prague, the Czech Republic. 00:09:40.389 --> 00:09:52.870 Although Prague has some incredible historic architecture, which we can both vouch for, production designer Martin Childs said it looked very little like Victorian London. 00:09:52.870 --> 00:10:12.550 Because of that, enormous sections of Whitechapel had to be built from scratch at Barandov Studios, using surviving photographs, newspaper illustrations, and historical records from 1888, to painstakingly recreate the streets, buildings, and many of the actual murder locations. 00:10:12.870 --> 00:10:13.750 Did it look good? 00:10:14.070 --> 00:10:16.629 I will say the sets in this film looked really good. 00:10:16.629 --> 00:10:24.550 The sets in the costumes, A plus is all around there, the film and the acting, not so much. 00:10:24.550 --> 00:10:36.790 The special effects team even studied real coroner's reports and surviving crime scene photographs, so the victim's injuries would be as historically accurate as possible. 00:10:36.790 --> 00:10:48.389 Production hit an unexpected setback when Nigel Hawthorne, who had originally been cast as Sir William Gull, withdrew after being diagnosed with terminal cancer. 00:10:48.389 --> 00:10:58.629 Ian Holm ultimately stepped into the role, and because the two actors were very different physically, several scenes had to be reworked before filming could continue. 00:10:58.629 --> 00:11:13.830 So now that we've covered how this whole thing came together, let's head back to Victorian London, where Johnny Depp is about to solve the case of Jack the Ripper with a little help from a few poppy-fueled psychic premonitions. 00:11:13.830 --> 00:11:35.750 Jack the Ripper, 1888. 00:11:35.750 --> 00:11:49.350 Our story begins as the opening credits

play intercut with extreme close-ups of Inspector Frederick Aberleen, played by Johnny Depp, preparing and smoking opium from a long ivory pipe. 00:11:49.350 --> 00:12:08.629 We then fade in on a blood red sunset over London in 1888, before panning down into Whitechapel, where the cobblestone streets are packed with cockney boozers, hustlers, hussies, drunken vagrants pissing in the streets, and prostitutes haggling on nearly every corner. 00:12:08.629 --> 00:12:27.430 Among them are Martha Tabram, played by Samantha Spiro, Polly Nichols, played by Annabelle Epsian, Dark Annie Chapman, played by Catherage, Liz Stride, played by Susan Lynch, and Mary Kelly, played by Heather Graham. 00:12:27.430 --> 00:12:33.750 As we follow Mary down an alleyway, she is accosted by two men dressed in black. 00:12:33.750 --> 00:12:47.350 One man has a dramatic scar running across his face, while the other man, named McQueen, played by David Schofield, begins cutting the buttons off of her dress one by one with a large switchblade. 00:12:47.350 --> 00:13:01.430 McQueen reminds Mary that he was expecting payment from her and the girls last Monday, and gives her one more day to come up with the money, or he'll be introducing her and her friends to the sharp end of his blade. 00:13:01.430 --> 00:13:09.430 Mary and her cohorts sleep together in a church that night and wash themselves in a public fountain the following morning. 00:13:09.750 --> 00:13:13.750 Wait, so it's portrayed that all those women are like friends? 00:13:14.389 --> 00:13:20.870 I wouldn't go as far as saying friends, more like co-workers, I guess. 00:13:20.870 --> 00:13:31.110 The women are soon joined by Anne Crook, played by Joanna Page, who is eager to show off her newborn daughter, Alice, to the other women. 00:13:31.110 --> 00:13:40.310 Anne is also a former prostitute herself, but is now being supported by her wealthy baby daddy who goes by the name of Albert. 00:13:40.310 --> 00:14:02.310 Elsewhere on Cleveland Street, a carriage driver named Nettley, played by Jason Fleming, is minding his own business when a mysterious man sneaks up behind him, puts a knife to his throat, and tells him he'll soon be transporting a very special passenger who is not to be disturbed and must be taken wherever he wishes to go. 00:14:02.629 --> 00:14:03.990 Well, that's ominous. 00:14:04.310 --> 00:14:05.350 I know, right? 00:14:05.350 --> 00:14:15.430 Meanwhile, Anne has given Mary her baby for safekeeping while she goes off to have a quick mid-morning rendezvous with her boy toy Albert. 00:14:15.430 --> 00:14:28.230 The couple's sexcapades are suddenly interrupted, however, when Anne and Albert are abducted by a group of men in bowler hats, while Mary and Martha watch helplessly from around the corner of the building. 00:14:28.230 --> 00:14:40.150 Hours later, there is still no sign of Anne anywhere, so Mary decides to take baby Alice to Anne's parents for safekeeping, while Martha stays behind to keep on working. 00:14:40.150 --> 00:15:00.710 Now alone, Martha walks down a dimly lit cobblestone street when she is suddenly grabbed by an unseen figure lurking in the darkness and dragged into an alley where we see only brief glimpses of light glistening off the killer's knife as it is viciously plunged into Martha over and over again. 00:15:00.710 --> 00:15:16.070 We then cut to an opium den filled with tattooed women and random guys sprawled all over the place looking higher than giraffe balls, including our protagonist, Inspector Aberline, who is likewise chasing the dragon. 00:15:16.070 --> 00:15:28.629 In the middle of his drug-induced stupor, Aberline has a psychic vision of Martha's murder, filmed and edited like a jigsaw trap sequence from one of the many saw films. 00:15:28.950 --> 00:15:32.550 Did the graphic novel have psychic visions? 00:15:32.870 --> 00:15:34.790 No, he is not a psychic in the novel. 00:15:34.790 --> 00:15:36.790 He is not a drug addict in the novel. 00:15:36.790 --> 00:15:43.110 He is just a normal inspector who is a good man trying to go about his business. 00:15:43.110 --> 00:15:47.830 All of this is created because Johnny Depp joined the project. 00:15:47.830 --> 00:15:52.150 And apparently they must have thought that this character would suit him more? 00:15:52.150 --> 00:15:54.470 I don't know what that says about him. 00:15:54.470 --> 00:16:00.790 Aberen is eventually found by Sergeant Peter Godley, played by Robbie Coltrane. 00:16:00.790 --> 00:16:02.870 You're a wizard, Harry. 00:16:02.870 --> 00:16:13.670 Who promptly bitch slaps Aberleen, yanks him to his feet, and drags him out because unfortunately for Aberline, there is a murder to investigate. 00:16:13.670 --> 00:16:22.310 After plunging his face into a basin of cold water, Aberline and Godley spark up a couple of cigarettes before heading down to the morgue. 00:16:22.310 --> 00:16:33.190 There, they are briefed on Martha Tabram's murder, and Aberline learns that before slitting her throat, the killer removed her lady parts and took them with him as a keepsake. 00:16:33.190 --> 00:16:50.389 Meanwhile, down at the Royal London Hospital, we are introduced to an unimposing gray-haired physician named Sir William Gull, played by Ian Holm, as he lectures a group of medical students about a revolutionary new procedure for treating insanity. 00:16:50.389 --> 00:16:55.830 Today's patient also just so happens to be Anne Crook. 00:16:56.230 --> 00:16:59.030 I do not like where this is going one bit. 00:16:59.670 --> 00:17:08.950 Anne's arms and legs are strapped to an operating table before being rendered unconscious with chloroform and wheeled into a packed operating theater. 00:17:08.950 --> 00:17:10.149 There, Dr. 00:17:10.149 --> 00:17:21.750 Farrell, played by Paul Rise, cuts into her scalp and repeatedly hammers a long chisel-like instrument through her skull while Gull calmly narrates the entire procedure. 00:17:21.750 --> 00:17:29.189 Anne survives but is

left profoundly mentally impaired and unable to communicate coherently. 00:17:29.509 --> 00:17:31.429 Why did they lobotomize her? 00:17:31.669 --> 00:17:33.109 Oh, you'll find out soon. 00:17:33.109 --> 00:17:35.829 It's a pretty big reveal. 00:17:35.829 --> 00:17:43.829 We then cut to sometime later, where Polly has just finished with a customer in a filthy alleyway. 00:17:43.829 --> 00:17:59.269 He tosses a few shillings on the ground, and as she scrambles to pick them up, McQueen appears and slams her against the wall, then threatens to gouge her eye out, claiming the money on the ground belongs to him and his gang. 00:17:59.269 --> 00:18:05.269 Fortunately, a constable arrives just in time and sends McQueen on his way. 00:18:05.269 --> 00:18:12.309 Not long afterward, Polly reunites with the other women, still shaken and looking for comfort. 00:18:12.309 --> 00:18:23.429 Liz tries to console her through physical intimacy, but Polly rejects her, leaving Liz to walk away as Polly stands alone in the street crying. 00:18:23.429 --> 00:18:32.629 Later that night, Polly rides alone in a carriage with a mysterious man in a top hat, his face completely hidden in darkness. 00:18:32.629 --> 00:18:45.829 As she casually eats grapes, he offers her a drink and talks about the ancient architecture of Whitechapel before suddenly grabbing her by the throat and pulling her into the shadows with him. 00:18:57.029 --> 00:18:58.470 What's it called again? 00:18:58.470 --> 00:19:02.629 Cleopatra. 00:19:02.710 --> 00:19:04.470 She was a beauty, wasn't she? 00:19:04.789 --> 00:19:10.309 It was carved 1500 years before the Son of God was born. 00:19:10.309 --> 00:19:17.269 Six men died to bring it here from Egypt. 00:19:19.109 --> 00:19:21.429 So I left this out of my portion. 00:19:21.429 --> 00:19:34.710 There was speculation that one of the Ripper victims ate grapes before she died, although this has been disproven since there is no evidence that there was stomach contents in her stomach at time of death. 00:19:34.710 --> 00:19:37.509 But it was not Polly Nichols. 00:19:37.509 --> 00:19:41.909 It was Elizabeth Stride, who was the third victim. 00:19:42.309 --> 00:19:46.149 Oh, all of the women in From Hell are given the grapes. 00:19:46.149 --> 00:19:47.269 Every one of them. 00:19:47.589 --> 00:19:49.589 Oh, the Ripper gives them the grapes? 00:19:49.829 --> 00:19:59.509 Yes, the Ripper always gives them grapes to earn their trust because apparently back in the day grapes were pretty expensive and hard to come by. 00:19:59.509 --> 00:20:06.149 And then he would give them a drink of something that would drug them a little bit, and then he would murder them. 00:20:06.149 --> 00:20:11.189 Moments later, Polly lies dead in the street with her throat slit. 00:20:11.189 --> 00:20:26.789 The mysterious man calmly works out of a briefcase filled with surgical instruments, doing something unseen to her lower torso before packing up, walking away, and seemingly vanishing into thin air. 00:20:26.789 --> 00:20:31.990 Pauly's body is discovered not long afterward by a patrolling constable. 00:20:31.990 --> 00:20:38.789 Also, from this point on, I'm just gonna call the killer the Ripper because that's who he is. 00:20:38.789 --> 00:20:51.349 Hours later, Aberleen arrives at the crime scene, now overrun by curious citizens and police who have left Polly exactly where she was found for everyone to gawk at. 00:20:51.349 --> 00:20:57.829 Sergeant Godley briefs him, explaining there were no witnesses and nobody heard so much as a peep. 00:20:57.829 --> 00:21:09.909 With a little help from yet another one of his opium-fueled psychic visions, Everline concludes Polly was murdered elsewhere and brought there by carriage. 00:21:09.909 --> 00:21:21.109 He also discovers a grapevine in Polly's pocket, which he believes came from the killer since grapes would have been far too expensive for a Whitechapel prostitute to afford. 00:21:21.109 --> 00:21:28.549 Polly's body is eventually brought to the morgue, where two coroners become sick at the sight of her mutilated abdomen. 00:21:28.549 --> 00:21:36.789 Even Aberleen admits he's never seen anything like it, describing the killer as an irrationally meticulous butcher. 00:21:36.789 --> 00:21:50.949 Believing the murderer has at least some working knowledge of anatomy and dissection, Aberleen orders every veterinarian, butcher, and furrier in the district to be interviewed as potential suspects. 00:21:50.949 --> 00:22:01.429 Aberen also explains that Polly's throat was slit, she was stabbed once in the chest, disemboweled, and had at least one of her organs removed. 00:22:01.429 --> 00:22:17.349 Aberen later tells his superior, Sir Charles Warren, played by Ian Richardson that the killer may actually be a wealthy Englishman, but Warren immediately dismisses the idea and is far more interested in blaming a minority. 00:22:17.829 --> 00:22:31.429 Anti-Semitism was rampant in London at the time because London was experiencing an influx of immigrants, many of which were Jewish people from surrounding areas. 00:22:31.990 --> 00:22:46.869 Yeah, one of the people he tries to sort of put the focus on is a Native American man who is just in town for a Wild West show and has nothing to do with any of this except he's in a Wild West entertainment show. 00:22:46.869 --> 00:22:53.990 As news of Pauli's murder hits the papers, Whitechapel quickly descends into paranoid hysteria. 00:22:53.990 --> 00:23:10.149 One evening, Aberleen treats himself to a steaming hot bath and a large glass of green absinthe, spiked with a few drops of laudanum, sending him into another vision, this time of his wife, who died during childbirth. 00:23:10.470 --> 00:23:12.470 How does this guy get anything done? 00:23:12.710 --> 00:23:21.750 Seriously, he does this like every single night, it seems, and in all of these scenes, he is just zoning out, zonked out of his gourd. 00:23:21.750 --> 00:23:35.589 During

Polly's funeral, the ropes suddenly give way as her casket is being lowered, sending it crashing into the grave and breaking open, exposing her horribly disfigured body to everyone in attendance. 00:23:35.589 --> 00:23:45.109 Afterward, Aberleen and Godley question the remaining women, who are convinced McQueen, leader of the Nickel gang, is behind the murders. 00:23:45.109 --> 00:23:49.750 They are called the Nickel Gang because they operate on Nickel Street. 00:23:49.750 --> 00:23:57.269 Later that night, the women gather in their crowded lodging house, where we learn Mary immigrated from Ireland when she was eight. 00:23:57.269 --> 00:24:07.029 They also discuss taking Anne Crook's disappearance to the newspapers before the landlord bursts in, furious that four women are sharing a room meant for one. 00:24:07.029 --> 00:24:15.509 He slaps one of them and throws them all out onto the street, forcing them to look for customers so they can afford another room for the night. 00:24:15.509 --> 00:24:28.949 Elsewhere, the ripper sits down to an elegant meal of one of the rarest-looking cuts of meat I have ever seen, paired with red wine, mixed with a few drops of blood, and laudanum. 00:24:28.949 --> 00:24:32.069 Laudanum was apparently pretty popular back then. 00:24:32.069 --> 00:24:42.549 Afterward, he puts on white gloves, a black top hat and cape, and retrieves a red-lined black briefcase neatly packed with surgical instruments. 00:24:42.549 --> 00:24:50.549 The scene is basically portrayed like Batman getting his suit on and all of his gadgets ready before heading out into the night. 00:24:50.549 --> 00:25:03.429 Back on the streets, Annie is approached by Nettley, the carriage driver, who tells her that a wealthy gentleman specifically requested her company and is eager to meet her over on Hanover Street. 00:25:03.429 --> 00:25:11.909 Though Annie is apprehensive, she is quickly convinced when Nettley offers her a fresh bunch of red grapes to eat along the way. 00:25:11.909 --> 00:25:25.669 Once they arrive, Nettley directs Annie into a nearby alley where we hear the sounds of her murder mere moments later as the film jarringly flashes between quick graphic glimpses of her horrific attack. 00:25:25.669 --> 00:25:32.069 Aberen arrives the following morning to find the crime scene already surrounded by onlookers. 00:25:33.109 --> 00:25:36.309 Another of the circle of friends, Annie Chapman. 00:25:36.309 --> 00:25:38.230 Dark Annie, they call her. 00:25:38.230 --> 00:25:40.710 You still say this isn't the Nichols boys? 00:25:40.710 --> 00:25:49.750 Leather apron. 00:25:49.750 --> 00:25:53.349 We could be looking for a butcher after all. 00:25:57.029 --> 00:25:57.669 This one. 00:26:12.470 --> 00:26:14.470 Or fellow whore in this case. 00:26:14.710 --> 00:26:16.949 He's really outdone himself this time, hasn't he? 00:26:16.949 --> 00:26:21.589 He not only severed the intestines, he's carefully ranged them around the neck and shoulders. 00:26:21.589 --> 00:26:24.789 I think he's taking more organs this time. 00:26:25.909 --> 00:26:36.230 In case you couldn't tell by the clip, Aberline saw Annie's murder during another drug-fueled vision quest, and notices another grape stem clutched in her hand. 00:26:36.230 --> 00:26:45.269 He begins theorizing that the killer is using grapes to gain the women's trust before carrying out what he believes are ritualistic murders. 00:26:45.269 --> 00:27:00.470 Later, Aberleen tells Sir Charles Warren that Annie's uterus was removed and, believing the killer has advanced anatomical knowledge, requests a surgeon with a strong stomach and stable mind to assist with the investigation. 00:27:00.470 --> 00:27:08.149 This leads Aberline to the London hospital where he arrives during a fundraiser featuring renowned surgeon Dr. 00:27:08.149 --> 00:27:18.470 Frederick Treves, showcasing Joseph Merrick, better known as the Elephant Man, to a room of wealthy donors, physicians, and aristocrats. 00:27:18.470 --> 00:27:23.750 Afterwards, the guests move on to a reception for drinks and mingling. 00:27:26.949 --> 00:27:27.429 You Dr. 00:27:27.429 --> 00:27:27.990 Farrell. 00:27:32.869 --> 00:27:35.429 Oh my lord, you're the ripper case. 00:27:35.429 --> 00:27:36.470 Am I right? 00:27:36.710 --> 00:27:37.029 Yeah. 00:27:37.509 --> 00:27:38.309 Jolly good. 00:27:38.309 --> 00:27:40.470 You've come to the perfect place. 00:27:40.470 --> 00:27:42.470 We've got butchers of plenty here. 00:27:43.669 --> 00:27:44.389 I see. 00:27:44.389 --> 00:27:48.069 Well, I can certainly use the expertise of someone like yourself to help solve this past. 00:27:48.069 --> 00:27:51.589 They tell me you're the best young surgeon in earth. 00:27:52.389 --> 00:27:56.549 I don't see how a reputable surgeon could know anything about it. 00:27:56.549 --> 00:28:07.990 This country's overrun with foreigners, orientalists, Jews, socialists trying to stir things up against our monarchy. 00:28:07.990 --> 00:28:12.549 That's where you should be considering everything. 00:28:13.669 --> 00:28:21.909 Aberline seems to be looking at all of those doctors as not only ones that can help him, but also suspects. 00:28:22.230 --> 00:28:23.669 Oh, he definitely is. 00:28:23.669 --> 00:28:30.149 He's looking at practically everyone except Godly and the women as potential suspects. 00:28:30.149 --> 00:28:39.189 Aberen continues through the reception before meeting Sir William Gull, physician to the royal family and former surgeon Extraordinaire. 00:28:39.189 --> 00:28:55.589 In private, Aberleen shows him a sketch of the murder weapon, which Gull quickly identifies as a Liston knife, which is a long amputation knife, originally designed for surgical speed before anesthesia became widely available. 00:28:55.589 --> 00:28:58.389 Oh my god, that sounds horrific. 00:28:58.389 --> 00:29:09.349 Yeah, it's meant to cut things as quickly and efficiently as possible. 00:29:09.349 --> 00:29:25.269 When Aberline

mentions that the victims had been drugged with laudanum after recognizing the smell on their breath, Gull inquires if Aberline uses the drug personally, noting that only doctors and addicts could recognize the scent so easily. 00:29:25.269 --> 00:29:40.470 Gull also agrees that the killer must be highly educated with extensive anatomical knowledge, explaining that Annie's liver would have been extremely difficult to remove so quickly without considerable surgical experience. 00:29:40.470 --> 00:29:51.429 Back at the police station, Aberleen studies a map of Whitechapel with Godley and the other detectives, plotting each murder and noticing a deliberate pattern. 00:29:51.429 --> 00:29:54.230 Spoiler alert, it turns out it's a pentagram? 00:29:54.230 --> 00:29:56.230 Doubt that's accurate. 00:29:56.230 --> 00:30:05.189 He then predicts where the Ripper will strike next and orders uniformed constables to keep the area under constant surveillance. 00:30:05.189 --> 00:30:13.509 Despite skepticism from the other officers, Aberleen doubles down hoping they'll catch the killer before he strikes again. 00:30:13.509 --> 00:30:27.750 Sidebar, directors Albert and Alan Hughes reportedly pinned real post-mortem photographs of the Ripper victims to the police station set to unnerve the cast and get more authentic performances. 00:30:27.750 --> 00:30:33.109 I think we've talked about our feelings about this sort of thing in past episodes. 00:30:33.109 --> 00:30:34.710 It's pretty distasteful. 00:30:35.109 --> 00:30:37.909 Yeah, and extremely disturbing. 00:30:38.309 --> 00:30:43.429 The film then cuts to the Ripper meeting privately with his coachman, John Nettley. 00:30:43.429 --> 00:30:51.589 Clearly shaken, Netley laments that there are still three women left to kill, and questions whether he can continue. 00:30:51.589 --> 00:31:07.189 The Ripper responds with a cryptic speech about evil and humanity, insisting they've entered the most extreme and utter region of the human mind, before declaring, HEL, we are in hell. 00:31:07.189 --> 00:31:16.949 That night, Mary is brought in to speak with Aberleen, who asks why she's still working the streets if she believes McQueen murdered her friends. 00:31:16.949 --> 00:31:27.909 Frustrated by the lack of progress, Mary offers to testify that McQueen threatened to cut her unless she paid him a pound a week in protection money. 00:31:27.909 --> 00:31:37.829 Aberen refuses, warning that even if McQueen went to prison for a year or two, the nickel gang would simply retaliate against Mary and the other women. 00:31:37.829 --> 00:31:49.029 Aberen then heads to Special Branch Headquarters, identifying himself as Inspector Adderly, to get inside while Superintendent Ben Kidney is away. 00:31:49.029 --> 00:32:02.949 He slips into the records room and searches the files before discovering one labeled Crook Annie Mary, containing paperwork from the Merylbone Workhouse, which Aberline quickly copies down. 00:32:02.949 --> 00:32:11.909 When Godly spots Kidney and his men returning, he starts a fire that causes a small explosion, creating enough chaos for Aberline to escape. 00:32:12.149 --> 00:32:13.909 That seems a bit extreme. 00:32:14.230 --> 00:32:16.949 Agreed, it's a pretty big explosion, too. 00:32:16.949 --> 00:32:27.909 Not long after, Aberline and Mary visit the Merrowbone workhouse in search of Anne, finding her lobotomized in a dingy cell and mumbling incoherently. 00:32:27.909 --> 00:32:38.149 Mary desperately tries to get through to her friend, but Anne no longer understands what's happening around her and is unable to answer any of her questions. 00:32:38.149 --> 00:32:49.509 After leaving the asylum, Mary tells Aberline that Anne's wealthy gentleman was actually a painter who hired the women as models and that she personally witnessed the two Mary at St. 00:32:49.509 --> 00:32:51.589 Savior's Catholic Church. 00:32:51.589 --> 00:33:01.349 When the conversation turns to Baby Alice, Aberline reveals that Special Branch listed her as an unknown child and dumped her in Bishopsgate. 00:33:01.669 --> 00:33:04.389 I thought she was left with someone's parents. 00:33:04.710 --> 00:33:09.509 She was, but apparently she was picked up and brought to an orphanage. 00:33:09.509 --> 00:33:15.269 So there's something shady going on with Anne Crook and her baby. 00:33:15.269 --> 00:33:22.149 Aberen then takes Mary to an art gallery and asks if she recognizes anyone in the portraits. 00:33:22.149 --> 00:33:30.149 When they reach a painting of Prince Albert Victor, Mary immediately identifies him as the man she knew as Albert. 00:33:30.149 --> 00:33:43.990 Aberen realizes Anne's husband and Alice's father was actually Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence, grandson of Queen Victoria, and second in line to the British throne. 00:33:44.389 --> 00:33:47.269 I feel like we are well on our way to Crazyville. 00:33:48.149 --> 00:33:50.309 Buckle up, we're just getting started. 00:33:50.309 --> 00:34:01.429 Aberen later visits Sir William Gull at home and is initially told he's too ill for visitors, but Gull agrees to see him after learning it's Inspector Aberline. 00:34:01.429 --> 00:34:17.110 Questioned about Prince Albert Victor and Anne Crook, Gull confirmed that Albert contracted syphilis and explains that the resulting tremors in his hands would make performing such precise murders virtually impossible. 00:34:17.110 --> 00:34:24.389 He also lacks the anatomical knowledge necessary to perform the mutilations, sending Aberline back to Square One. 00:34:24.389 --> 00:34:33.190 So I guess his initial feeling was that Prince Albert was murdering these women in retaliation for catching syphilis? 00:34:33.829 --> 00:34:37.029 It's not the most wild of theories we'll discuss later. 00:34:37.670 --> 00:34:39.190 The film then cuts to Dr. 00:34:39.190 --> 00:34:51.750 Farrell's Masonic initiation, where he kneels blindfolded with a ceremonial blade pressed against his chest,

while reciting an oath officially inducting him into the secret society. 00:34:52.230 --> 00:34:54.309 I'm assuming this is Freemasons. 00:34:54.869 --> 00:34:55.750 It is indeed. 00:34:55.750 --> 00:35:02.389 They all wear a fancy matching ring, so they're pretty easy to identify for a secret society. 00:35:02.389 --> 00:35:22.069 Back at the police station, Aberline and the detective sift through another pile of letters claiming to be from Jack the Ripper, dismissing nearly all of them as hoaxes, when they're suddenly interrupted by a constable rushing in with a package containing half a human kidney postmarked from hell. 00:35:22.069 --> 00:35:29.829 That night, Aberleen tells Mary he wants her and the remaining women off the streets for the next few days. 00:35:32.789 --> 00:35:34.069 What about baby Alice? 00:35:34.069 --> 00:35:35.110 Are you sure she's alright? 00:35:35.269 --> 00:35:36.630 Yeah, she's alright. 00:35:36.630 --> 00:35:38.789 We'll get her out after this is over. 00:35:39.029 --> 00:35:40.230 We'll get her. 00:35:40.789 --> 00:35:41.429 Listen. 00:35:41.429 --> 00:35:45.670 I want you and your friends off the streets until I can sort this thing out. 00:35:45.909 --> 00:35:47.509 Off the streets for how long? 00:35:47.750 --> 00:35:48.710 A few days at least. 00:35:48.869 --> 00:35:53.029 Well, you better throw us in jail then, because we have no money for food and no money for a dust. 00:35:53.509 --> 00:35:55.190 Alright, you take this. 00:35:55.190 --> 00:35:58.230 Get a room. 00:35:58.230 --> 00:35:58.949 Stay there. 00:35:58.949 --> 00:36:01.110 Don't tell anyone where you're going. 00:36:01.110 --> 00:36:02.309 I don't want to know. 00:36:02.309 --> 00:36:06.069 In three days, come to the tembells. 00:36:06.069 --> 00:36:07.989 I'll leave a message with the bargain. 00:36:07.989 --> 00:36:09.909 Well. 00:36:12.389 --> 00:36:15.509 I wish I could show you the little village where I was born. 00:36:15.509 --> 00:36:17.670 It's so lovely there. 00:36:17.670 --> 00:36:21.989 It's by the scene the way you said you saw me. 00:36:21.989 --> 00:36:28.469 I used to think it too small to spend a life in, but now I'm not so sure. 00:36:30.710 --> 00:36:35.989 And with that, the two part ways with a deep, passionate kiss. 00:36:35.989 --> 00:36:38.069 Permission to speak freely. 00:36:38.069 --> 00:36:42.389 I just cannot take this love story between Mary and Aberlyn seriously. 00:36:42.389 --> 00:36:51.590 Johnny Depp and Heather Graham have absolutely zero chemistry, and every romantic scene between them falls completely flat. 00:36:51.829 --> 00:37:10.069 Even incorporating a love story between the lead investigator and one of the women who I think you told me Mary actually survives in this movie, which she does not in the real story, including that is just stupid and completely unnecessary. 00:37:10.069 --> 00:37:12.549 Also, the accents in this suck. 00:37:12.949 --> 00:37:13.829 Sustained. 00:37:13.829 --> 00:37:19.110 And most of the acting is pretty bad across the board as well, unfortunately. 00:37:19.110 --> 00:37:33.190 Back at the lodging house, Liz makes advances towards the new French girl, Ada, played by Estelle Skornik, who repeatedly rejects her until Mary steps in and tells Liz to leave her alone. 00:37:33.190 --> 00:37:41.829 The argument escalates until Liz smashes a window, then storms out into the night, shouting back that she needs another drink. 00:37:41.829 --> 00:37:52.389 After leaving the lodging house, Liz encounters the Ripper and briefly mistakes him for someone she knows before accepting a drink and walking off with him. 00:37:52.389 --> 00:38:00.869 When she realizes something is wrong, she tries to run, but Nettley tackles and restrains her while the Ripper slits her throat. 00:38:00.869 --> 00:38:07.909 Before he can mutilate the body, Netley hears someone approaching, forcing them to flee before finishing the job. 00:38:07.909 --> 00:38:21.670 Meanwhile, Aberline reviews Superintendent Benjamin Kidney's military records and discovers that before joining Special Branch, Kidney served with the Grandeer Guards assisting as a field surgeon. 00:38:21.670 --> 00:38:41.110 Suddenly, Aberline has a remarkable epiphany, realizing that the women are being killed because they witness Prince Albert Victor's marriage to Anne Crook and the birth of their daughter Alice, a scandal that could rock the British throne to its very core if ever exposed. 00:38:41.509 --> 00:38:43.909 Okay, that's what's going on here. 00:38:43.909 --> 00:38:47.110 Also, Aberlyne just figured that out. 00:38:47.110 --> 00:38:48.069 How? 00:38:48.469 --> 00:38:54.469 He's taking drugs and finding the answers just floating in the air out there, Ashley. 00:38:54.469 --> 00:38:57.509 Pretty simple if you're a psychic detective. 00:38:57.509 --> 00:39:04.150 But yeah, this is a pretty far-fetched version of the true events. 00:39:04.150 --> 00:39:08.789 Even compared to the novel, the movie takes it up a few notches. 00:39:08.789 --> 00:39:15.829 That same night, shortly after murdering Liz, the Ripper strikes again, killing Catherine Edoes. 00:39:15.829 --> 00:39:32.389 While examining Liz's body, Aberleen experiences another psychic vision and races towards the second crime scene, but is ambushed on his way by several men who brutally beat him and warn him to stop digging into things and just find a damn scapegoat. 00:39:32.389 --> 00:39:51.110 Despite the attack, Aberleen regains consciousness and makes his way to Meter Square, where he discovers Catherine's body beneath a chalk message reading, The Jews are the men that will not be blamed for nothing, with Jews incorrectly spelled J-U-W-E-S. 00:39:51.110 --> 00:40:01.989 Recognizing it as potential evidence, Aberline protests when Sir Charles Warren orders the message scrubbed from the wall to prevent anti-Jewish riots. 00:40:01.989 --> 00:40:10.230 Warren then blames Aberline for bungling the investigation, suspending him

from duty, and stripping him of all his authority. 00:40:10.230 --> 00:40:21.110 Three days later, Aberline leaves a letter for Mary with the bartender at the Ten Bells, just as promised, before heading to his favorite opium den to drown his sorrows. 00:40:21.110 --> 00:40:29.110 There he has another drug-induced vision showing Mary being murdered by the Ripper beneath the shadow of a Masonic symbol. 00:40:29.110 --> 00:40:35.590 Convinced the visions are trying to tell him something, Aberleen begins researching the history of the Freemasons. 00:40:35.590 --> 00:40:39.750 Now, a bit of context for the blissfully unaware. 00:40:39.750 --> 00:40:49.670 The Freemasons are one of the world's oldest fraternal organizations, with the modern group officially founded in London in 1717. 00:40:49.670 --> 00:41:02.789 They are known for secret ceremonies, symbols, and rituals, and its members have included politicians, military officers, judges, businessmen, and even members of the royal family. 00:41:03.110 --> 00:41:05.670 Interesting, I didn't know they were founded in London. 00:41:05.909 --> 00:41:13.110 Shortly after, Mary picks up Aberline's letter at the Ten Bells but is spotted by Nettley as she leaves. 00:41:13.110 --> 00:41:21.989 Back in her room, she opens the envelope and discovers Aberline has enclosed enough money for her to leave London once and for all. 00:41:21.989 --> 00:41:31.269 Meanwhile, Aberline confronts Sir William Gull with everything he's uncovered about Prince Albert Victor, Anne Crook, and the murders. 00:41:31.269 --> 00:41:39.349 Rather than deny it, Gull calmly admits Aberline is essentially correct and reveals himself as Jack the Ripper. 00:41:39.349 --> 00:41:50.710 He then launches into a lengthy diatribe defending the murders as serving a greater purpose involving the crown, Freemasonry, and the course of history. 00:41:51.670 --> 00:41:53.750 Below the skin of history. 00:41:53.750 --> 00:41:57.110 A London's veins. 00:41:57.110 --> 00:42:02.789 These symbols, the mitre, the pentacle star. 00:42:02.789 --> 00:42:13.509 Even someone as ignorant and degenerate as you can sense that they coarse with energy and meaning. 00:42:13.509 --> 00:42:19.110 I am that meaning. 00:42:21.429 --> 00:42:22.949 I am that energy. 00:42:26.949 --> 00:42:27.909 Two things. 00:42:27.909 --> 00:42:32.069 Man, the Ripper is incredibly narcissistic. 00:42:32.069 --> 00:42:36.230 Two, the actor has black eyes in every single scene he's in. 00:42:36.230 --> 00:42:37.750 It's kind of unnerving. 00:42:38.069 --> 00:42:43.110 It is the same actor from the first alien movie who played the robot. 00:42:43.110 --> 00:42:46.630 So he is a classic actor who's been around in a bunch of stuff. 00:42:46.630 --> 00:42:53.029 He played Bilbo in the Lord of the Rings movies, not the Hobbit movies, the Lord of the Rings movies. 00:42:53.029 --> 00:42:55.670 So he's a pretty established British actor. 00:42:55.989 --> 00:42:59.349 Yeah, I remember him in all of

those things, now that you mention it. 00:42:59.670 --> 00:43:08.389 Unwilling to accept Gull's justification, Aberleen pulls his pistol, ready to rid the world of Jack the Ripper once and for all. 00:43:08.389 --> 00:43:15.429 Before he can fire, Benjamin Kidney sneaks up behind him and knocks him unconscious yet again. 00:43:15.429 --> 00:43:18.710 He should probably get a CAT scan at this point. 00:43:18.710 --> 00:43:24.949 And this allows Gull to slip back into the night in search of his final victim. 00:43:24.949 --> 00:43:30.069 Aberline wakes up in the back of a moving carriage between Kidney and Dr. 00:43:30.069 --> 00:43:34.869 Farrell, who is in the midst of preparing a syringe to inject him with. 00:43:34.869 --> 00:43:44.069 Realizing what's happening, Aberline fights back, donkey kicking Kidney through the window and tipping the whole damn carriage over in the process. 00:43:44.069 --> 00:43:51.590 Emerging virtually unscathed, Aberline takes off to save Mary post haste before it's too late. 00:43:51.590 --> 00:44:05.509 Elsewhere, Gull quietly slips into Mary's room through the broken window while she is fast asleep, then murders the woman in bed, carrying out by far the most extensive and extreme mutilations thus far. 00:44:05.509 --> 00:44:06.309 Far. 00:44:06.309 --> 00:44:12.710 After removing her heart, Gull places it in a pot on the stove, leaving it to boil. 00:44:12.710 --> 00:44:31.670 As the organ begins to heat, a brilliant light fills the room, and Gull is transported into a surreal Masonic ceremony, where he represents the murder as if it were a surgical demonstration, culminating in a standing ovation from his captivated audience. 00:44:31.989 --> 00:44:35.909 I'm assuming he's having some sort of like psychotic episode here. 00:44:36.230 --> 00:44:37.670 Oh yes, absolutely. 00:44:37.670 --> 00:44:40.710 It's better portrayed in the graphic novel. 00:44:40.710 --> 00:44:46.549 By the time Aberleen arrives, the victim has been mutilated beyond recognition. 00:44:46.549 --> 00:44:59.509 Sidebar, after the Ripper kills his final victim, the officer describing the condition of the body is reading directly from the real-life police report documenting Mary Jane Kelly's murder. 00:44:59.509 --> 00:45:09.190 While searching the room, Aberleen finds a lock of dark hair and realizes that the victim isn't Mary at all, but is actually Ada. 00:45:09.190 --> 00:45:15.190 He quietly conceals the hair, knowing Mary survived and escaped before Gull arrived. 00:45:15.509 --> 00:45:18.309 Ooh, Gull is gonna be in trouble. 00:45:19.029 --> 00:45:30.309 Back at the Ten Bells, Aberleen finds a letter from Mary explaining that she's fled to Ireland with baby Alice, where they'll be living by the sea, waiting for him. 00:45:30.549 --> 00:45:33.909 I'm assuming she just stole that baby from the orphanage. 00:45:33.909 --> 00:45:36.710 And also, does Mary live in the graphic novel? 00:45:37.029 --> 00:45:38.230 She does not. 00:45:38.230 --> 00:45:44.789 In the graphic novel, Gull realizes he's killed the wrong woman and then he comes back and murders her. 00:45:44.789 --> 00:45:47.590 And there's no love story, she does not survive. 00:45:47.590 --> 00:45:51.829 But I think the novel and the film make up this victim, Ada. 00:45:51.829 --> 00:46:00.469 We later learn Queen Victoria was far from pleased with how Gull had handled the whole Albert situation. 00:46:00.469 --> 00:46:05.989 So he is summoned before his fellow Freemasons to answer for his actions. 00:46:13.590 --> 00:46:18.150 You stand accused of mayhems that have placed our brotherhood in jeopardy. 00:46:18.150 --> 00:46:22.230 You stand before your peers, masons and doctors both. 00:46:22.549 --> 00:46:25.029 I have no peers present here. 00:46:25.029 --> 00:46:26.230 What? 00:46:26.230 --> 00:46:32.869 No man amongst you is fit to judge the mighty art that I have wrought. 00:46:32.869 --> 00:46:38.469 Your rituals are empty oaths you neither understand nor live by. 00:46:38.469 --> 00:46:42.469 Great architect speaks to me. 00:46:42.469 --> 00:46:46.869 He is the balance where my deeds are weighed and judged. 00:46:49.269 --> 00:46:50.069 Not you. 00:46:51.909 --> 00:46:58.630 So it sounds like they're mad at him for the way he killed the women, not that he killed them at all. 00:46:58.949 --> 00:47:14.630 Yes, it is better explained in the graphic novel, but William Gull is hired to get rid of these women to cover up this big scandal that Albert had a child with one of these prostitutes. 00:47:14.630 --> 00:47:20.150 But he was never told to do what he did and go as far as he did. 00:47:20.150 --> 00:47:22.710 He was only told to take care of them. 00:47:22.710 --> 00:47:29.269 So they were pretty appalled by his actions when they found out what he had done. 00:47:29.269 --> 00:47:38.789 And in response, the Freemasons sentenced Gull to a lobotomy, along with a lifelong confinement in an insane asylum. 00:47:39.110 --> 00:47:39.989 Poetic. 00:47:40.309 --> 00:47:50.869 Although Godly encourages Aberline to reunite with Mary, Aberline realizes that if he leaves London, the people watching him will likely follow. 00:47:50.869 --> 00:47:55.110 Because he's still being watched by the Freemasons, apparently. 00:47:55.110 --> 00:48:02.710 Rather than risk leading them to her, he stays behind, burning the letter she had left for him. 00:48:04.949 --> 00:48:07.750 I'm telling you, it's safe to go to her. 00:48:10.710 --> 00:48:15.750 If I disappear or change my routine, sir, they might wonder why. 00:48:17.110 --> 00:48:19.190 You know who you're gonna turn into, don't you? 00:48:19.190 --> 00:48:22.389 That boring old bugger in the pub that nobody wants to sit beside. 00:48:22.389 --> 00:48:26.710 Because as soon as he's had a few drinks, he goes on and on about the girl that got away. 00:48:26.710 --> 00:48:28.230 Is that what you want? 00:48:28.230 --> 00:48:30.469 Do you want to live the rest of your life like a ghost?

00:48:30.469 --> 00:48:31.349 Is that it? 00:48:32.309 --> 00:48:32.630 No. 00:48:32.630 --> 00:48:37.590 What I want is to go to her. 00:48:37.590 --> 00:48:44.309 But at the slightest hint that she's alive, they will spare no expense, no expense, and no trouble. 00:48:44.309 --> 00:48:46.469 So I study. 00:48:46.469 --> 00:48:48.469 And watch them. 00:48:52.150 --> 00:48:59.590 So I feel like he could just publicly announce his retirement and leave, and the Freemasons would leave him alone. 00:48:59.909 --> 00:49:02.549 That's basically what happens in the graphic novel. 00:49:02.549 --> 00:49:09.110 He retires, he doesn't want to work on any more cases after this, and just sort of lives a quiet life. 00:49:09.429 --> 00:49:22.389 I took this out of my section, but I'm pretty sure he ends up retiring, not right after the Ripper murder stopped, but some years after, and he moves to the United States and becomes like a private detective. 00:49:22.789 --> 00:49:35.590 And I also just want to point out here that Robbie Coltrane, you're a wizard, Harry, is far closer to how Aberleen is depicted in the graphic novel. 00:49:35.590 --> 00:49:43.269 Godley discovers Aberline dead in an opium den from an apparent drug overdose not long after. 00:49:43.269 --> 00:49:46.630 And that was the Hughes Brothers from Hell. 00:49:46.630 --> 00:49:48.710 Any initial response, Ashley? 00:49:49.029 --> 00:49:49.909 Yeah, what the hell? 00:49:49.909 --> 00:49:50.869 He just dies? 00:49:51.509 --> 00:50:12.389 Yeah, he basically stays behind, and it's implied that Mary lives a life on a cliff in Ireland in a little cottage and raises baby Alice, and they live happily ever after, but Aberleen must sacrifice his own happiness to let them live their lives. 00:50:12.389 --> 00:50:15.590 So he just ends up overdosing on opium. 00:50:15.590 --> 00:50:17.909 And yeah, that's the end of the movie. 00:50:17.909 --> 00:50:29.029 Godly puts a couple of pennies on his eyes, which are change for the ferryman of death, says, Good night, sweet prince, and that's the end of the movie. 00:50:29.029 --> 00:50:31.590 There's not even any title cards at the end. 00:50:31.590 --> 00:50:33.190 It's just the end. 00:50:33.670 --> 00:50:35.429 What did you think about this movie? 00:50:35.429 --> 00:50:42.630 A lot of times when we're doing these episodes and you show me clips, even ones that you're like, this really wasn't my favorite movie. 00:50:42.630 --> 00:50:50.469 You can agree with me on some of my observations that put the movie in a better light if it's not already in a good one. 00:50:50.469 --> 00:50:57.029 But this one, I don't really have much positive to say from what I saw. 00:50:57.029 --> 00:51:03.110 The accent sucked, the acting sucked, it didn't look visually striking to me at all. 00:51:03.110 --> 00:51:05.590 I do not want to see From L. 00:51:06.309 --> 00:51:07.829 And I don't blame you. 00:51:07.829 --> 00:51:11.509 This movie is Edgelord crap. 00:51:11.509 --> 00:51:13.509 It is not a good film. 00:51:13.509 --> 00:51:25.909 It is filmed in a way where it's trying to make the murders almost look cool and make Jack the Ripper seem like this supernatural force that is hunting these women. 00:51:25.909 --> 00:51:29.590 And it's really dumb and it's not pulled off well at all. 00:51:29.590 --> 00:51:37.269 It is still a ridiculous story in the graphic novel, but it is given a lot more time to grow and breathe. 00:51:37.269 --> 00:51:44.710 So it just comes together a lot better than it does in this two-hour adaptation. 00:51:45.590 --> 00:51:59.909 If I were doing this movie, I would have it follow the five Ripper victims and just switch from each one to each one and tell the story from that woman's point of view. 00:51:59.909 --> 00:52:06.469 I think that would be way more interesting than an extravagant, supernatural detective who done it. 00:52:06.869 --> 00:52:09.110 And I totally agree with you again. 00:52:09.110 --> 00:52:21.909 The graphic novel does spend a lot more time developing the women characters, and you get to know a bit more about their lives and how hard all of their lives are. 00:52:21.909 --> 00:52:32.389 Each and every one of them is living in squalor and abuse and scraping by day to day in completely different ways. 00:52:32.389 --> 00:52:43.110 And it is truly, truly tragic, but all of that is condensed to maybe like one scene or a line of dialogue or completely cut out in the film. 00:52:43.110 --> 00:52:49.269 It does not do any justice to the victims whose story really should be the focus here. 00:52:49.269 --> 00:53:03.750 And just personally speaking, if they were to ever remake this story or try and do a more historically accurate version of it, I think that Robert Eggers could do a brilliant job portraying this sort of thing on screen. 00:53:03.750 --> 00:53:22.309 He has a obsessive attention to detail, and focusing on each one of the victims, you could even have it be a short story for each one of them, I think would be a better telling of this horrific, tragic, unsolved series of murders. 00:53:22.630 --> 00:53:31.429 It's also kind of a choice to make a movie inspired by this graphic novel, which, okay, we could argue that that was the source material. 00:53:31.429 --> 00:53:36.469 So that's why they included the Prince Albert, Sir William Gall, Freemason shit. 00:53:36.469 --> 00:53:40.389 But if you're gonna make it on a graphic novel, then make it on the graphic novel. 00:53:40.389 --> 00:53:43.670 Don't like add even more crazy stuff to it. 00:53:43.989 --> 00:53:54.389 Yeah, the entire love story is preposterous and offensive, and really, really, really badly executed and corny. 00:53:54.389 --> 00:53:56.630 And should not have been in this movie. 00:53:56.630 --> 00:53:59.590 But let's move on to the release. 00:53:59.590 --> 00:54:13.829 Before From Hell hit theaters, an early cut of the film was screened for the MPAA, which was reportedly so graphic that it

initially received the dreaded NC17 rating. 00:54:13.829 --> 00:54:28.630 In order to secure a more marketable R rating, several scenes were trimmed, most notably Mary Kelly's murder, which was significantly toned down from the original cut and the historical crime scene. 00:54:28.630 --> 00:54:41.670 From Hell was ultimately released in theaters on October 19, 2001, with an R rating for strong violence and gore, sexuality, language, and drug content. 00:54:41.670 --> 00:54:56.230 The film opened at number one with just over $11 million before finishing its run with $31.6 million domestically and $74.6 million worldwide against a $35 million budget. 00:54:56.549 --> 00:54:58.069 Huh, respectable. 00:54:58.309 --> 00:55:12.789 Today, From Hell holds a 57% critic score on Rotten Tomatoes, where the site's consensus reads visually impressive, but this latest Ripper tale is dull and far from scary. 00:55:13.190 --> 00:55:15.190 I am shocked it is that high. 00:55:15.509 --> 00:55:16.069 Me too. 00:55:16.069 --> 00:55:20.069 I was really expecting this to be around 30 something percent. 00:55:20.069 --> 00:55:30.710 The Hughes brothers reunited for their next film, The Book of Eli, in 2010, before eventually going their separate ways as solo directors. 00:55:30.710 --> 00:55:40.710 Since From Hell, Johnny Depp's career has experienced some of the biggest highs and lowest lows in all of Hollywood. 00:55:40.710 --> 00:55:48.869 Following the film's release, he became one of the biggest movie stars on the planet thanks to the Pirates of the Caribbean franchise. 00:55:48.869 --> 00:56:02.549 But years of substance abuse, unprofessional behavior on film sets, and a very public legal battle with ex-wife Amber Heard all took a serious toll on the actor's reputation and career. 00:56:02.549 --> 00:56:11.590 The Fallout has cost him several high-profile roles, including that of Grindelwald in the Fantastic Beasts franchise. 00:56:11.590 --> 00:56:13.670 You're a wizard, Harry. 00:56:13.670 --> 00:56:19.029 Effectively bringing his Hollywood career to a complete standstill. 00:56:19.029 --> 00:56:29.590 Following the conclusion of the Defamation trial in 2022, Depp largely shifted his focus towards smaller independent and European productions. 00:56:29.909 --> 00:56:31.829 Because that's all he could do. 00:56:32.150 --> 00:56:51.269 Yeah, nobody was hiring this guy, but in 2026, Depp will make his first major studio return, starring in Ty West Ebenezer, followed by the upcoming Mark Webb action thriller, Daydrinker, in 2027, co-starring Penelope Cruz. 00:56:51.269 --> 00:56:53.190 So he's trying. 00:56:53.190 --> 00:57:05.670 But whether or not those films mark the beginning of a full Hollywood comeback for the ring-wearing wannabe gypsy drug-outled bandana aficionado is something only time will tell. 00:57:05.670 --> 00:57:09.269 But personally speaking, I sure hope not. 00:57:09.670 --> 00:57:11.269 I think there's too much baggage. 00:57:11.269 --> 00:57:14.150 It'd be like if Will Smith tried to make a comeback. 00:57:14.150 --> 00:57:20.309 You might be able to land some movie roles, but you're never gonna be even close to where you once were. 00:57:20.789 --> 00:57:22.069 Nor should he be. 00:57:22.069 --> 00:57:26.789 At this point, the only reason he would want to come back is for more fame. 00:57:26.789 --> 00:57:36.789 He is still rich, he still owns an island, he could just go off and live the rest of his life like Aberleen did in the novel, but he likes the attention. 00:57:36.789 --> 00:57:49.590 Having already distanced himself from the production before From Hell was released, writer Alan Moore remained deeply unhappy any time his work was adapted for movies or television. 00:57:49.590 --> 00:58:07.750 In the years that followed, he asked for his name to be removed from all future adaptations of his work he no longer owned, refused to accept any royalties, and declined screen credit on such other adaptations as V for Vendetta and Watchmen. 00:58:07.750 --> 00:58:14.549 To this day, his policy still remains in place for every major adaptation of his work. 00:58:14.789 --> 00:58:16.309 Oh, you should rethink that. 00:58:16.309 --> 00:58:20.230 V for Vendetta is so good, and people loved Watchmen. 00:58:20.230 --> 00:58:21.670 I am so confused. 00:58:21.670 --> 00:58:26.230 How does he not own the rights to these graphic novels he wrote? 00:58:26.549 --> 00:58:40.789 Unfortunately, it was a common occurrence back in the 80s when you worked for a publishing company like DC or Marvel, and you invented a character or wrote a story about them, you didn't own it. 00:58:40.789 --> 00:58:41.750 They did. 00:58:41.750 --> 00:58:50.549 So when you leave, they can do whatever they want with it, and your name will still be on it, but you don't have any control over what happens to it. 00:58:50.869 --> 00:58:52.230 That really sucks. 00:58:52.549 --> 00:59:07.110 And it still sucks to this day because I know a lot of creators of some of these huge Marvel films aren't really paid much at all because they worked for a company and invented that character and wrote that story while they were working there. 00:59:07.110 --> 00:59:09.670 It's really unfortunate. 00:59:09.670 --> 00:59:19.670 So I guess the only question left is: was Jack the Ripper really a royal physician carrying out murders for the crown to cover up a sex scandal? 00:59:19.670 --> 00:59:23.509 Or was this whole damn story just a bunch of baloney? 00:59:23.750 --> 00:59:25.670 Oi, let's find out, mate. 00:59:25.670 --> 00:59:29.190 Please excuse my awful, awful accent. 00:59:29.190 --> 01:00:07.670 By the mid-19th century, the population of London was growing at an astonishing rate. 01:00:07.670 --> 01:00:17.989 The census reached roughly 5 million by 1888, with the East End being one of the most densely populated and impoverished parts of the city. 01:00:17.989 --> 01:00:29.269 Severe overcrowding led to inadequate sanitation,

poorly maintained housing, and thousands of people living in conditions difficult to comprehend today. 01:00:29.269 --> 01:00:40.549 The East End had a substantial economic underclass, and for women with few employment opportunities, prostitution became one of the ways they survived. 01:00:40.549 --> 01:00:44.869 London's housing crisis steadily gained the government's attention. 01:00:44.869 --> 01:01:01.269 In 1875, Parliament passed the Artisans and Laborers Dwellings Improvement Act, which allowed local agencies to identify and acquire unhealthy and overcrowded housing, demolish it, and redevelop the land. 01:01:01.989 --> 01:01:05.590 So it was just kicking all of these people out on the streets? 01:01:06.230 --> 01:01:08.469 Well, the idea was good in theory. 01:01:08.469 --> 01:01:14.150 Get rid of the worst slums and replace them with healthier housing for the working class. 01:01:14.150 --> 01:01:18.549 But as you just highlighted, reality posed greater challenges. 01:01:18.549 --> 01:01:26.789 In Whitechapel and surrounding areas, thousands of people were displaced as buildings were condemned and destroyed. 01:01:26.789 --> 01:01:36.230 Tenants were often left in deteriorating buildings while awaiting demolition since landlords had little incentive to spend money on repairs. 01:01:36.230 --> 01:01:49.750 The legislation was amended in 1879 to give authorities greater responsibility for rehoming people displaced by the improvements, but resources didn't come close to meeting the demand. 01:01:49.750 --> 01:01:55.509 Many ended up in lodging houses, where you paid a small amount for a bed for the night. 01:01:55.509 --> 01:02:05.989 Some lodging homes consisted of open areas packed with rows of beds, with 60, 80, or even more people sleeping in a single room. 01:02:05.989 --> 01:02:10.069 This was the world of Whitechapel in 1888. 01:02:10.069 --> 01:02:15.110 Extreme poverty and very limited resources for the people living there. 01:02:15.110 --> 01:02:19.269 Keep this in mind as we start talking about Jack the Ripper. 01:02:19.269 --> 01:02:23.349 He wasn't operating in a quiet, stable suburban area. 01:02:23.349 --> 01:02:30.549 He was functioning in a crowded, chaotic part of London where thousands of people were struggling to get through each night. 01:02:30.549 --> 01:02:39.750 Poverty and desperation also contributed to problems with alcohol, drug use, and violence, particularly against women. 01:02:39.750 --> 01:02:48.630 From April 1888 to February 1891, 11 women were murdered in the Whitechapel district. 01:02:48.630 --> 01:02:53.509 These cases are collectively known as the Whitechapel murders. 01:02:53.509 --> 01:02:57.750 But that doesn't mean the police thought they were all committed by the same person. 01:02:57.750 --> 01:03:06.630 The first two murders are sometimes considered possible Ripper victims, but they're generally left out of the official victim count. 01:03:06.630 --> 01:03:09.989 Elizabeth Smith and Martha Tabram. 01:03:10.469 --> 01:03:15.670 Martha Tabram is portrayed in the film, but not Elizabeth Smith. 01:03:16.309 --> 01:03:21.670 Both cases have similarities to the later murders, but there's also significant differences. 01:03:21.670 --> 01:03:28.069 Elizabeth Smith was attacked at around 1.30 in the morning on April 3rd, 1888. 01:03:28.069 --> 01:03:32.949 She suffered a brutal sexual assault and severe head injuries. 01:03:32.949 --> 01:03:39.029 She survived long enough to tell police she was attacked by two or three men and died the next day. 01:03:39.029 --> 01:03:48.469 Because she described multiple attackers, the prevailing theory was that her murder was the result of gang violence rather than the work of a lone serial killer. 01:03:48.949 --> 01:03:50.469 Like the nickel gang. 01:03:50.949 --> 01:03:58.710 Four months later, 39-year-old Martha Tabram was found lying on the landing of a staircase shortly after 5 a.m. 01:03:58.710 --> 01:04:01.269 on August 7, 1888. 01:04:01.269 --> 01:04:10.309 She was stabbed 39 times, primarily in her chest and abdomen, but also in her neck and general area. 01:04:10.309 --> 01:04:25.349 The sheer number of wounds, lack of an obvious motive, and the fact that her murder occurred just weeks before the first canonical Ripper murder led some researchers to argue she was an early victim of Jack the Ripper. 01:04:25.349 --> 01:04:28.309 But there are some problems with that theory. 01:04:28.309 --> 01:04:34.309 Unlike the Canonical 5, Tabron was stabbed rather than having her throat cut. 01:04:34.309 --> 01:04:39.029 She also didn't have extensive abdominal mutilation. 01:04:39.029 --> 01:04:49.750 Investigators also had evidence suggesting she might have been with two soldiers shortly before her death, although the exact circumstances remain unclear. 01:04:49.750 --> 01:04:54.469 There's considerably less debate with the next five murders. 01:04:54.469 --> 01:05:01.110 43-year-old Mary Ann Nichols, whose nickname was Polly, but I just call her by her name. 01:05:01.110 --> 01:05:12.230 47-year-old Annie Chapman, 44-year-old Elizabeth Stride, 46-year-old Katherine Edoes, and 25-year-old Mary Jane Kelly. 01:05:12.630 --> 01:05:17.110 I did not realize Mary Jane was so much younger than the others. 01:05:17.750 --> 01:05:22.789 These five are almost universally recognized as Jack the Rickbur victims. 01:05:22.789 --> 01:05:31.750 To spare myself and you, Remy, and of course our listeners from having to hear about the gruesome details five separate times. 01:05:31.750 --> 01:05:52.469 Four occurred on or very close to a weekend. 01:05:52.469 --> 01:05:57.909 Each had their throats cut, and in most, the wounds were incredibly deep. 01:05:57.909 --> 01:06:00.469 I'm talking like hitting the spine. 01:06:00.469 --> 01:06:07.909 Their body showed varying degrees of mutilation, particularly to The abdomen and genital area. 01:06:07.909 --> 01:06:12.230 Several of the women also had bruising or injuries to their

faces. 01:06:12.230 --> 01:06:21.110 This led doctors who conducted the autopsies to opine that the killer likely restrained them or covered their mouths to prevent them from screaming. 01:06:21.509 --> 01:06:23.750 Which is how it's portrayed in the film. 01:06:24.150 --> 01:06:29.750 And all of the mutilation to their bodies is believed to have happened after they died. 01:06:29.750 --> 01:06:34.309 In all cases, the opinion was that they died from having their throats cut. 01:06:34.789 --> 01:06:41.190 So he would murder them and then do all of these atrocious things to their corpse. 01:06:41.590 --> 01:06:41.909 Yes. 01:06:41.909 --> 01:06:49.110 And in each case, the doctors opined that it would only have taken him less than five minutes to do what he did. 01:06:49.110 --> 01:06:52.150 The exception is Mary Jane Kelly. 01:06:52.150 --> 01:07:00.869 The murder weapon was believed to have been a sharp narrow knife with a six to eight inch blade, though the exact weapon was never identified. 01:07:00.869 --> 01:07:05.509 A final similarity is that all but the last victim were killed outside. 01:07:05.829 --> 01:07:09.829 Which is why I assume Mary Jane's was so much worse. 01:07:09.829 --> 01:07:11.509 He was inside. 01:07:15.750 --> 01:07:17.750 That's exactly what they thought. 01:07:17.750 --> 01:07:28.789 Mary Ann Walker, aka Polly, was born in 1845 and married William Nichols, a printer's machinist, when she was 18 years old. 01:07:28.789 --> 01:07:34.150 The couple had five children between 1866 and 1879. 01:07:34.150 --> 01:07:39.989 They separated in 1880, with William taking custody of their children. 01:07:39.989 --> 01:07:43.349 The reason for the separation depends on who you asked. 01:07:43.349 --> 01:07:52.389 Nichols' father later claimed William had been unfaithful, but William blamed Nichols' drinking habits for the divorce. 01:07:52.389 --> 01:08:00.630 Whatever the reason was, William was obligated to provide financial support after their separation, and he did so for a time. 01:08:00.630 --> 01:08:07.269 According to his account, those payments stopped after he learned Nichols was working as a prostitute. 01:08:07.269 --> 01:08:20.150 On the night of August 30th, 1888, Nichols was out drinking in Whitechapel and reportedly told a friend she had made enough money to pay for her lodging for the night. 01:08:20.150 --> 01:08:22.069 But she never made it home. 01:08:22.069 --> 01:08:24.630 At approximately 3 40 a.m. 01:08:24.630 --> 01:08:30.550 on August 31st, her body was discovered by two cart drivers in the middle of the road. 01:08:30.550 --> 01:08:33.829 At first, the men thought she might still be alive. 01:08:33.829 --> 01:08:38.550 They stopped to examine her before summoning a nearby police officer. 01:08:38.550 --> 01:08:44.949 She was buried without a headstone at Manor Park Cemetery on September 6th, 1888. 01:08:44.949 --> 01:08:49.750 In 1996, a memorial plaque was installed at her gravesite. 01:08:50.229 --> 01:08:51.909 Well, that's nice, at least. 01:08:52.149 --> 01:08:53.029 I know, right? 01:08:53.029 --> 01:08:56.789 It's kind of one of the only shining lights in this entire story. 01:08:56.789 --> 01:09:08.309 The fact that over a hundred years after she died, someone at this cemetery thought, hey, maybe we should just put her name on a gravestone here and just eat the cost. 01:09:08.710 --> 01:09:11.510 It's the least that anyone can do. 01:09:11.510 --> 01:09:15.909 I mean, these women were treated like nothing their entire lives. 01:09:15.909 --> 01:09:21.670 They should be at least commemorated in death somehow beyond their murders. 01:09:22.149 --> 01:09:34.630 And I think an important thing to point out here is that all of these victims that we're going to talk about, they also had jobs, at least opportunities where they would make income when they could. 01:09:34.630 --> 01:09:37.029 They didn't want to be living this lifestyle. 01:09:37.029 --> 01:09:43.109 They had to turn to sex work in order to have a safe place to lay their heads down at night. 01:09:43.430 --> 01:09:55.109 That is portrayed in the graphic novel much more that these women would find lodging with men who fancied them and wanted to pay for their company. 01:09:55.109 --> 01:10:02.789 But usually the men would turn violent or something would happen along the way and they'd end up right back out on the street again. 01:10:03.109 --> 01:10:13.829 And in several of these cases, the women were out when they were because they were kicked out of the lodging home they were staying at because they didn't have enough money for that night's rent. 01:10:13.829 --> 01:10:20.390 So they were out trying to get the four pounds or whatever they needed to pay for a bed for the evening. 01:10:20.710 --> 01:10:25.269 Which is portrayed in the graphic novel, but not so much in the film. 01:10:25.750 --> 01:10:31.269 Annie Smith was born in 1840 and married John Chapman in 1869. 01:10:31.269 --> 01:10:36.710 The couple had three children between 1870 and 1888. 01:10:36.710 --> 01:10:41.909 Chapman struggled with alcohol throughout her life, but there were periods of sobriety. 01:10:41.909 --> 01:10:49.109 Her drinking reportedly became much worse after the death of her youngest child, who also had a physical disability. 01:10:49.109 --> 01:10:55.750 She suffered another devastating loss when her 12-year-old daughter died of meningitis in 1882. 01:10:56.069 --> 01:10:59.430 God, these women led such tragic lives. 01:10:59.750 --> 01:11:06.149 Not long after, John took custody of their surviving daughter and Chapman moved to London. 01:11:06.149 --> 01:11:11.670 There, she supported herself by crocheting and selling flowers and other small goods. 01:11:11.670 --> 01:11:23.269 John continued providing her a weekly allowance, but that support ended when he died of cirrhosis in 1866, causing her to resort to sex work to survive. 01:11:23.269 --> 01:11:31.909 Despite her struggles with alcohol

and poverty, people who knew Chapman described her as intelligent, sociable, and good natured. 01:11:31.909 --> 01:11:42.630 On the night of September 7, 1888, she was seen drinking and attempting to earn money, likely to pay for her lodging for the night. 01:11:42.630 --> 01:11:44.630 Around 5 45 a.m. 01:11:44.630 --> 01:11:50.630 on September 8th, her body was discovered in the backyard by a tenant who lived in the building. 01:11:50.630 --> 01:12:03.750 At the inquest, a woman named Elizabeth Long testified that she'd been walking home at 5.30 in the morning when she saw Chapman and a man standing near the doorway where the body was discovered. 01:12:03.750 --> 01:12:14.630 She described the man as approximately 40 years old with a dark mustache and complexion, wearing a dark coat and brown deerstalker style hat. 01:12:15.269 --> 01:12:19.909 Which was an extremely common look back in the day. 01:12:20.229 --> 01:12:24.949 According to Long, she heard the man say something like, Will you? 01:12:24.949 --> 01:12:27.510 And Chapman replied, Yes. 01:12:27.510 --> 01:12:31.189 Another resident of the building was also awake at the time. 01:12:31.189 --> 01:12:39.510 He reported hearing voices coming from the backyard, a woman saying, No, no, and something strike the fence. 01:12:39.510 --> 01:12:45.829 The doctors who examined Chapman's body found something that distinguished her from Mary Ann Nichols. 01:12:45.829 --> 01:12:49.670 Part of her uterus and bladder were removed. 01:12:49.670 --> 01:12:55.350 She was buried at Manor Park Cemetery on September 14th, 1888. 01:12:55.829 --> 01:12:57.670 So her organs were just gone. 01:12:57.670 --> 01:13:02.630 They weren't found like nearby or a few days later or anything. 01:13:02.630 --> 01:13:04.949 They were just completely gone. 01:13:05.350 --> 01:13:09.189 They were near her body, from what I recall from my research. 01:13:09.189 --> 01:13:15.350 There is one victim whose kidney was removed, but we haven't gotten to her yet. 01:13:15.350 --> 01:13:26.869 The next two victims are remarkable because they were both killed during the early morning hours of September 30th, 1888, just 45 minutes apart. 01:13:26.869 --> 01:13:35.590 Elizabeth Gustoff's daughter was born in Sweden in 1843 and moved to London in the 1860s. 01:13:35.590 --> 01:13:39.829 She had already been working as a prostitute before arriving in England. 01:13:39.829 --> 01:13:45.750 She was married to carpenter John Stride from 1869 to 1881. 01:13:45.750 --> 01:13:55.350 By the mid-1880s, Stride was living in East London and in an on-again-off-again relationship with Doc worker Michael Kidney. 01:13:55.350 --> 01:14:07.109 On the evening of September 29, 1888, she was seen around Whitechapel with several men. 01:14:07.109 --> 01:14:11.829 One witness reported seeing a man accosting a woman around midnight. 01:14:11.829 --> 01:14:17.989 He grabbed the woman, threw her to the ground, and shouted something in a foreign language. 01:14:17.989 --> 01:14:24.949 Another witness reported seeing a woman who might have been stride talking with the man earlier that evening. 01:14:24.949 --> 01:14:31.350 He recalled hearing her say something along the lines of, no, not tonight, some other night. 01:14:31.350 --> 01:14:41.750 That man was described as being in his 30s, wearing dark clothing and a black hat, dark hair, mustache, and fair in complexion. 01:14:41.750 --> 01:14:43.670 At approximately 1 a.m. 01:14:43.670 --> 01:14:48.550 on September 30th, Stride's body was found by a cart driver in the street. 01:14:48.550 --> 01:14:59.269 Her throat was cut, but unlike the previous two canonical victims, there were no abdominal or genital injuries, which immediately raised a question. 01:14:59.269 --> 01:15:02.949 Was Elizabeth Stride actually a victim of Jack the Ripper? 01:15:02.949 --> 01:15:11.350 Evidence suggesting she was is largely circumstantial, but there is one particularly important detail. 01:15:11.350 --> 01:15:21.510 When she was discovered, she was warm and blood was still flowing from the wound in her neck, suggesting she died very shortly before she was found. 01:15:21.510 --> 01:15:28.550 The leading theory is the ripper was interrupted while attacking her and went looking for another victim that night. 01:15:28.550 --> 01:15:33.829 She was buried at East London Cemetery on October 8, 1888. 01:15:33.829 --> 01:15:37.590 Catherine Edoes was born in 1842. 01:15:37.590 --> 01:15:47.029 Both her parents died when she was 15 years old, and after a brief stint in an orphanage, she and her siblings were taken in by relatives. 01:15:47.029 --> 01:15:51.189 Those who knew her described her as intelligent and joyful. 01:15:51.189 --> 01:15:57.510 In the early 1880s, she began dating Thomas Conway, a former soldier. 01:15:57.510 --> 01:16:02.149 They had three children between 1863 and 1873. 01:16:02.149 --> 01:16:09.189 The relationship ended around 1880 due to alcohol abuse and Conway's violent behavior. 01:16:09.189 --> 01:16:13.989 After leaving Conway, Edos began seeing a laborer, John Kelly. 01:16:13.989 --> 01:16:18.069 The two lived together in lodging houses at the time of her death. 01:16:18.069 --> 01:16:33.109 She was taken into custody and spent several hours at the police station. 01:16:33.109 --> 01:16:36.789 She was last seen walking home around 1.35 a.m. 01:16:36.789 --> 01:16:45.750 Her body was found 10 minutes after she was released from the police station and just 45 minutes after Elizabeth Stride's murder. 01:16:45.750 --> 01:16:49.750 Her injuries were more extensive than the previous victims. 01:16:49.750 --> 01:16:53.590 Her throat was cut and her face was severely mutilated. 01:16:53.590 --> 01:16:59.750 Her abdomen was completely open, and her left kidney and part of her uterus were removed. 01:16:59.750 --> 01:17:03.909 The uterus was still at the scene, but the kidney was completely missing. 01:17:03.909 --> 01:17:10.470 She was buried in an

unmarked grave at Manor Park Cemetery on October 8, 1888. 01:17:10.470 --> 01:17:15.750 Like Mary Ann Nichols, a memorial plaque was added in 1996. 01:17:15.750 --> 01:17:20.229 The last of the canonical five is Mary Jane Kelly. 01:17:20.229 --> 01:17:25.350 Unlike the other four women, almost everything about her life is unknown. 01:17:25.350 --> 01:17:27.430 Even her age is debated. 01:17:27.430 --> 01:17:39.269 She was probably born around 1863 or 1864, which would have made her 24-25 years old when she was killed, two decades younger than Jack the Ripper's other victims. 01:17:39.269 --> 01:17:47.750 According to accounts, she married a Welsh miner when she was 16 years old, but he died in a mining accident a few years later. 01:17:47.750 --> 01:17:53.269 After his death, Kelly reportedly moved to London and became involved in prostitution. 01:17:53.590 --> 01:18:08.069 There is a pattern with a lot of these victims where they were married to a man for a period of time, and for different reasons that relationship ended, and in order to survive, they turned to prostitution. 01:18:08.550 --> 01:18:20.149 And for Mary Kelly, there's kind of reports that she lived with her cousin after her husband died, and her cousin is who introduced her to prostitution. 01:18:20.149 --> 01:18:28.470 In April 1886, Kelly met and started living with a fish porter named Joseph Barnett. 01:18:28.470 --> 01:18:36.630 Their relationship was affectionate at times, but also increasingly turbulent due to his disapproval of her lifestyle. 01:18:36.630 --> 01:18:41.829 They eventually separated, though he continued to see her rather frequently. 01:18:41.829 --> 01:18:53.350 By November 1888, Kelly was living alone in a tiny room on 13 Miller's Court and was seen drinking in the area on the evening of November 8th. 01:18:53.350 --> 01:18:57.590 She returned to her room with the man around midnight. 01:18:57.590 --> 01:19:05.750 Another sex worker who lived nearby heard her say something along the lines of, Come along, you fool, as they entered the room. 01:19:05.750 --> 01:19:09.750 This is the last confirmed sighting of her alive. 01:19:09.750 --> 01:19:17.430 There's another witness who became one of the most famous and controversial in the Ripper cases, George Hudson. 01:19:17.430 --> 01:19:24.069 He was an unemployed laborer who later told police he encountered Kelly around two in the morning. 01:19:24.069 --> 01:19:37.670 According to his account, she was approached by a man who was unusually well dressed with a dark mustache, pale complexion, dark coat, and a large Ostracon style hat. 01:19:37.670 --> 01:19:51.510 He claimed he saw the man give Kelly money and followed them back to Miller's court, which took him something like 45 minutes, because he like waited outside for a while, because he thought the man looked suspicious. 01:19:51.510 --> 01:19:59.590 Because he didn't come forward until after the inquest, some wonder if he exaggerated or fabricated his account

for notoriety. 01:19:59.829 --> 01:20:02.309 It is a questionable story. 01:20:05.750 --> 01:20:17.029 Sometime between 3 30 and 4 in the morning on November 9, 1888, two residents near Kelly's room heard a faint cry that sounded like someone saying murder. 01:20:17.029 --> 01:20:19.269 No one investigated. 01:20:19.269 --> 01:20:27.029 In the east end, hearing cries, arguments, and drunken shouting was hardly unusual. 01:20:27.029 --> 01:20:33.590 Another resident recalled hearing what sounded like someone leaving Kelly's room around 5 45. 01:20:33.590 --> 01:20:41.109 Five hours later, the landlord's assistant went to Kelly's room to collect overdue rent. 01:20:41.109 --> 01:20:48.710 He peeked in the window when his knocks went unanswered and ran to the police station to report his discovery. 01:20:48.710 --> 01:20:52.550 A severely mutilated body lying on the bed. 01:20:52.550 --> 01:20:59.829 Police inspector Walter Beck and surgeon George Baxter Phillips were among those who responded to the scene. 01:20:59.829 --> 01:21:03.670 Officers immediately restricted access to the room. 01:21:03.670 --> 01:21:13.189 They were so concerned about preserving evidence and potentially catching the killer that they considered using bloodhounds to track whoever left the property. 01:21:13.189 --> 01:21:17.750 A telegram was sent requesting assistance, but no dogs came. 01:21:17.750 --> 01:21:24.470 With their telegram unanswered, police finally entered the room at approximately 1.30 in the afternoon. 01:21:24.470 --> 01:21:28.630 What they found was unlike anything they had encountered before. 01:21:28.630 --> 01:21:32.149 Kelly's body was brutalized beyond recognition. 01:21:32.149 --> 01:21:36.789 Her abdomen was opened and much of her flesh was removed. 01:21:36.789 --> 01:21:42.550 Organs were removed and strategically placed around her and on the kitchen table. 01:21:42.550 --> 01:21:46.949 There was also a still smoldering fire fueled by women's clothing. 01:21:46.949 --> 01:21:48.550 She was buried at St. 01:21:48.550 --> 01:21:53.510 Patrick's Roman Catholic Cemetery on November 19, 1888. 01:21:53.510 --> 01:21:57.989 She is the last widely accepted victim of Jack the Ripper. 01:21:57.989 --> 01:22:11.989 As the murders continued, the investigation grew into a massive law enforcement effort involving multiple police agencies, detectives, volunteers, and private investigators. 01:22:11.989 --> 01:22:21.109 At first, the murders were handled primarily by the Whitechapel Division of the Metropolitan Police, led by Inspector Edmund Reed. 01:22:21.430 --> 01:22:22.949 Wait, where is Aberline? 01:22:23.430 --> 01:22:25.109 Well, funny you should ask. 01:22:25.109 --> 01:22:35.670 After the murder of Mary Ann Pauline Nichols, the first of the Canonical Five, Scotland Yard sent additional detectives to assist. 01:22:35.670 --> 01:22:41.029 Among them were Frederick Aberline, Henry Moore, and Walter Andrews. 01:22:41.430 --> 01:22:43.269 Was there anyone named Godley? 01:22:43.590 --> 01:22:44.470 I can't recall. 01:22:44.470 --> 01:22:51.430 There's so many names in here that I just took out the ones that weren't imperative to the story. 01:22:51.430 --> 01:22:56.149 And Walter Andrews, Henry Moore, never mentioned again. 01:22:56.149 --> 01:23:04.069 And by all accounts, once Scotland Yard sent detectives, Aberline was the leader of the force. 01:23:04.069 --> 01:23:10.470 And after the discovery of Catherine Edoes, the City of London police became involved. 01:23:10.470 --> 01:23:18.710 On September 10th, 1888, two days after Annie Chapman's murder, 16 local tradesmen met at a pub. 01:23:18.710 --> 01:23:26.789 They were not only concerned about the murders themselves, but also about the effect the growing panic was having on local businesses. 01:23:26.789 --> 01:23:35.430 Believing the police weren't doing enough, they formed the White Chapel Vigilance Committee and elected George Lusk as their leader. 01:23:35.430 --> 01:23:37.829 Their goal was straightforward. 01:23:37.829 --> 01:23:45.750 Patrol the streets each night, typically from 12 to 5, to help deter or identify the killer. 01:23:45.750 --> 01:24:01.829 After the murders of Elizabeth Stride and Catherine Edhouse on September 30th, widely referred to as the double event, the committee even offered their own reward of 500 pounds after the government refused to do so. 01:24:01.829 --> 01:24:07.590 This was approximately 20,000 US dollars adjusted for inflation. 01:24:07.590 --> 01:24:13.350 They also hired private detectives to investigate the murders and question witnesses. 01:24:13.350 --> 01:24:20.229 Like the growing team of investigators, the leading theory about who was responsible changed over time. 01:24:20.229 --> 01:24:27.430 Early on, many suspected they were connected to gang violence or criminal groups operating in Whitechapel. 01:24:27.430 --> 01:24:33.269 As they continued, the idea that a single person was responsible took hold. 01:24:33.269 --> 01:24:37.029 An obvious question was why these women? 01:24:37.029 --> 01:24:43.510 Unlike the movie From Hell, it wasn't because of some royal Freemason conspiracy. 01:24:43.510 --> 01:24:48.710 The victims had very little money, so robbery wasn't an obvious motive. 01:24:48.710 --> 01:24:52.069 Their occupation seemed to be what made them targets. 01:24:52.550 --> 01:24:57.350 Which is unfortunately still the case to this day, I believe. 01:24:57.350 --> 01:25:03.350 Prostitutes are among the most commonly targeted for serial killers. 01:25:03.989 --> 01:25:08.229 Typically, yeah, because they are vulnerable. 01:25:08.229 --> 01:25:24.390 They are typically at a stage of their life where they aren't in close contact with family members, and there's other elements of their lifestyle that could make police view them as less worthy of a full investigation. 01:25:24.390 --> 01:25:31.269 The increasingly elaborate mutilations also led investigators to speculate about the killer's

background. 01:25:31.269 --> 01:25:38.390 Several physicians examined the bodies, most of whom believed the killer had some knowledge of human anatomy. 01:25:38.390 --> 01:25:47.350 That led to speculation that he may have worked in a profession where he regularly handled knives and human or animal bodies. 01:25:47.350 --> 01:25:55.269 Doctors and surgeons were obvious possibilities, but so were butchers, slaughtermen, and even barbers. 01:25:55.269 --> 01:26:07.189 Whitechapel was also close to the London docks, where ships arrived from all over the world with thousands of sailors, dock workers, and transient laborers. 01:26:07.189 --> 01:26:20.470 Some theorists suggested the Ripper might have worked on a cattle ship, which could potentially explain his familiarity with cutting flesh, the timing of the murders, and his ability to escape. 01:26:20.470 --> 01:26:23.590 And now we get to my favorite theory. 01:26:23.590 --> 01:26:26.869 What if Jack the Ripper wasn't a Jack at all? 01:26:26.869 --> 01:26:28.710 What if she was a Jill? 01:26:29.189 --> 01:26:31.909 I'm not gonna cover the Adam Sandler movie. 01:26:32.229 --> 01:26:36.869 The most famous version of the theory came about in 1972. 01:26:36.869 --> 01:26:43.510 The basic argument is that the killer used her profession as a midwife to gain the victim's trust. 01:26:43.510 --> 01:26:51.909 I can see why this initially would raise eyebrows, but I can also understand why it's kind of taken hold. 01:26:51.909 --> 01:27:01.189 A female killer could have potentially moved through Whitechapel without attracting the same attention as a man wandering around alone with a blood-covered knife. 01:27:01.189 --> 01:27:08.949 If she had blood on her clothes, she might have had an easier time explaining it away by saying it was from childbirth. 01:27:08.949 --> 01:27:13.670 But then we get to kind of a bizarre version of the theory. 01:27:13.670 --> 01:27:22.949 Some propose that the victims actually died during botched abortions and that the killer mutilated their bodies to conceal the true cause of death. 01:27:23.510 --> 01:27:25.829 That is preposterous. 01:27:26.149 --> 01:27:29.510 Well, and there's one significant problem with this idea. 01:27:29.510 --> 01:27:38.069 And that's the problem with Jill the Ripper. 01:27:38.069 --> 01:27:41.590 And frankly, a lot of other Ripper theories. 01:27:41.590 --> 01:27:50.390 The idea is fascinating, but it's based on speculation, unconfirmed theories, and assumptions rather than actual evidence. 01:27:50.789 --> 01:28:00.630 If it had been Jill the Ripper, it would have been the most horrifically brutal female serial killer of all time. 01:28:01.430 --> 01:28:05.350 Yeah, in my opinion, these murders are way, way. 01:28:05.350 --> 01:28:08.229 Way too brutal to have it be a woman. 01:28:08.229 --> 01:28:10.630 I don't want to sound sexist or anything. 01:28:10.630 --> 01:28:19.670 I don't even think that's sounding sexist, but I am 99.9% sure Jack the Ripper was a Jack, not a Jill. 01:28:19.670 --> 01:28:24.390 So, what did law enforcement do to try to catch the Ripper? 01:28:24.390 --> 01:28:26.869 Surprisingly, a lot. 01:28:26.869 --> 01:28:39.189 They conducted house-to-house searches after each murder, interviewed thousands of people, collected statements from any witness they could find, and followed up on endless leads. 01:28:39.189 --> 01:28:52.390 More than 2,000 people were interviewed, hundreds were investigated as possible suspects, and roughly 80 men were arrested at various points in connection with the murders or related offenses. 01:28:52.390 --> 01:29:04.470 Early in the investigation, Metropolitan Police Commissioner Sir Charles Warren ordered every available officer onto the streets to deter or catch the killer in the act. 01:29:04.470 --> 01:29:17.430 After the double event on September 30th, some officers suggested all prostitutes found crawling the streets after midnight should be arrested or warned that police wouldn't protect them. 01:29:17.430 --> 01:29:22.869 The first was thought to be too drastic, but unfortunately the second was adopted. 01:29:23.269 --> 01:29:28.630 The one where they're basically like hands off and don't do anything? 01:29:28.949 --> 01:29:35.430 It's basically police saying if they saw a sex worker at night, they would say, go home. 01:29:35.430 --> 01:29:46.149 We're not gonna do anything to try to deter the killer from you, which I don't think is the correct reaction to have to these women that are being hunted. 01:29:46.149 --> 01:29:58.470 On October 19th, 1888, 80,000 leaflets were distributed throughout Whitechapel asking residents to provide any information they might have about the murders. 01:29:58.470 --> 01:30:00.630 On November 10th, Dr. 01:30:00.630 --> 01:30:10.309 Thomas Bond, a police surgeon who examined several of the victims, wrote a report detailing what he believed were likely characteristics of the killer. 01:30:10.309 --> 01:30:16.390 This profile isn't as strong as the ones we see today, aka Mindhunter. 01:30:16.390 --> 01:30:19.989 Bond described the killer in fairly broad terms. 01:30:19.989 --> 01:30:30.309 A strong, daring, self-controlled man with a tendency towards solitary behavior and a sexually motivated homicidal impulse. 01:30:30.630 --> 01:30:32.630 Sounds like a movie pitch. 01:30:33.029 --> 01:30:40.550 Importantly, Bond didn't believe the killer had any special anatomical or surgical knowledge. 01:30:40.550 --> 01:30:46.949 Unlike others, he thought the mutilations could have been done by someone without medical or butcher training. 01:30:47.189 --> 01:30:48.550 What do you think, Ashley? 01:30:48.949 --> 01:30:50.949 I tend to disagree with Dr. 01:30:50.949 --> 01:30:51.670 Bond. 01:30:51.670 --> 01:31:02.789 In all of the cases except for the last of Mary Kelly, the ripper was able to mutilate and remove portions of organs within five to ten minutes. 01:31:02.789 --> 01:31:09.109 And with Katherine Edoes,

her left kidney was removed and taken with him. 01:31:09.109 --> 01:31:18.949 And several of the doctors said that it was in an area that you kind of would have to know where you're searching for to be able to get it out and to get it out quickly. 01:31:19.269 --> 01:31:22.630 Yes, that is what I found in my research as well. 01:31:22.630 --> 01:31:32.309 Apparently, the kidney is sort of hidden in the body, and it's very difficult to find unless you know exactly where it is. 01:31:32.789 --> 01:31:41.670 But I also don't necessarily think that Jack the Ripper was a doctor, especially in the late 1800s. 01:31:41.670 --> 01:31:59.430 I do think that anyone who had any sort of experience, even working with animal carcasses, would have the general idea of where these certain organs were situated and how to cut skin in a timely and efficient manner. 01:31:59.430 --> 01:32:08.630 So despite best efforts, the investigation faced many obstacles, some of which had nothing to do with police incompetence. 01:32:08.630 --> 01:32:13.430 The biggest problem was that forensic science was still in its infancy. 01:32:13.430 --> 01:32:24.710 In 1888, the detection of crimes relied heavily on local knowledge, informants, eyewitness testimony, and catching the perpetrator in the act. 01:32:24.710 --> 01:32:27.670 We have said this to each other time and time again, Remy. 01:32:27.670 --> 01:32:32.470 I don't understand how any crimes were solved before DNA. 01:32:32.710 --> 01:32:35.590 You basically had to be caught in the act. 01:32:35.909 --> 01:32:42.309 Well, and in Jack the Ripper days, fingerprinting wasn't even an established forensic technique. 01:32:42.309 --> 01:32:47.670 It would be another 17 years before it was used in the first court case in England. 01:32:47.989 --> 01:32:51.029 They didn't even have blood types yet, right? 01:32:51.350 --> 01:32:54.229 Yes, blood evidence was even more primitive. 01:32:54.229 --> 01:32:59.989 Not only did they not have blood types, they couldn't even tell the difference between animal and human blood. 01:33:00.229 --> 01:33:02.229 Wow, so it was like blood was blood. 01:33:02.229 --> 01:33:03.670 That's all they could tell. 01:33:03.989 --> 01:33:08.470 Commissioner Charles Warren was also problematic at points. 01:33:08.470 --> 01:33:15.430 After Catherine Edo's murder, police discovered graffiti written in chalk on a wall near the murder scene. 01:33:15.430 --> 01:33:20.789 It read something like, The Jews are the men that will not be blamed for nothing. 01:33:20.789 --> 01:33:30.149 The exact meaning, spelling, and punctuation are debated, but it appeared to suggest a Jewish person was responsible for the murders. 01:33:30.149 --> 01:33:45.189 Responding officers wanted the writing photographed before it was removed, but Commissioner Warren ordered it washed away before sunrise, fearing it would inflame anti-Jewish violence in an already tense neighborhood. 01:33:45.189 --> 01:33:50.069 From a public relations standpoint, the decision was disastrous. 01:33:50.069 --> 01:33:55.670 The press and public criticized him for destroying potentially valuable evidence. 01:33:55.670 --> 01:33:59.670 Within days, the pressure mounted for him to resign. 01:33:59.670 --> 01:34:06.229 He eventually did on November 8, 1888, the same day Mary Jane Kelly was killed. 01:34:06.229 --> 01:34:11.590 His resignation is why the telegram for the Bloodhounds went unanswered. 01:34:11.590 --> 01:34:14.470 The other officers didn't know he had resigned. 01:34:29.430 --> 01:34:35.750 So he left this message and misspelled words to kind of throw them off his scent. 01:34:36.069 --> 01:34:45.029 So keep this in mind in the next section where we talk about the correspondence that reportedly came from Jack the Ripper. 01:34:45.029 --> 01:34:53.590 And right before we get to that, it's important to note that the public and the media were the final confounding factors to complicate the investigation. 01:34:53.590 --> 01:35:00.789 Jack the Ripper is often cited as the first serial killer to create a worldwide media frenzy. 01:35:00.789 --> 01:35:15.189 At the height of the investigation, police were getting hundreds of thousands of letters and other communication each week, many from cranks, hoaxers, attention seekers, and people claiming to know the identity of the killer. 01:35:15.189 --> 01:35:17.269 And the media didn't help. 01:35:17.269 --> 01:35:23.829 Newspapers aggressively competed for readers, and stories about the murder sold extremely well. 01:35:23.829 --> 01:35:27.109 It didn't matter if what they printed was actually true. 01:35:27.430 --> 01:35:32.229 Times have not changed too much in that regard, unfortunately. 01:35:32.470 --> 01:35:34.149 Then came the letters. 01:35:34.149 --> 01:35:41.510 On September 27, 1888, the Central News Agency received a letter addressed, Dear Boss. 01:35:41.510 --> 01:35:51.829 The writer claimed responsibility for the murders, mocked police, threatened to kill again, and signed it, yours truly, Jack the Ripper. 01:35:51.829 --> 01:35:57.269 And just like that, one of the most famous names in criminal history was born. 01:35:57.590 --> 01:35:59.109 So it came from a letter. 01:35:59.109 --> 01:36:02.309 It wasn't a name that the media invented. 01:36:02.710 --> 01:36:04.390 No, it came from this letter. 01:36:04.390 --> 01:36:15.510 Before this, the killer was known by a variety of nicknames, including Leather Apron, due to a local man named John Pizer being a suspect, but more on him later. 01:36:15.510 --> 01:36:24.949 Police and journalists were skeptical that the dear boss letter was genuine, at least until Elizabeth Stride and Catherine Edoes were murdered. 01:36:24.949 --> 01:36:30.789 In the letter, the killer promised that he would remove the ears of his next victim. 01:36:30.789 --> 01:36:34.710 Edo's ear was cut, but not actually removed. 01:36:34.710 --> 01:36:38.229 The coincidence made the letter seem more credible.

01:36:38.229 --> 01:36:49.189 Two days later, on October 1st, the Central News Agency received another communication, the saucy Jackie postcard, signed by Jack the Ripper. 01:36:49.189 --> 01:36:57.909 It referred to Edo's and Stride's murder as the double event, a phrase that became permanently associated with these killings. 01:36:57.909 --> 01:37:03.590 For decades, people debated whether these communications were actually written by the murderer. 01:37:03.590 --> 01:37:09.590 Today, most consider them hoaxes, though there's no way to actually prove who wrote them. 01:37:09.590 --> 01:37:15.029 And unfortunately, the chain of custody for these documents is not what we would expect today. 01:37:15.029 --> 01:37:19.189 Bold disappeared shortly after the investigation was shelved. 01:37:19.189 --> 01:37:32.309 The postcard was never recovered, but the Dear Boss letter was anonymously returned to the Metropolitan Police and is now preserved in the National Archives, along with other material related to the investigation. 01:37:32.309 --> 01:37:35.510 There was even a bizarre confession decades later. 01:37:35.510 --> 01:37:49.350 In 1931, journalist Fred Best reportedly confessed that he and a colleague at the Star fabricated several Ripper letters and postcards to keep the public interested in the story. 01:37:49.670 --> 01:37:52.390 This is depicted in the graphic novel. 01:37:52.630 --> 01:38:05.510 Some modern linguists have argued that the Deer Boss letter and saucy Jackie postcard were written by the same person, while others have questions whether such analysis can tell us much about the authorship at all. 01:38:05.829 --> 01:38:10.470 There's definitely one of them that is real, though, right? 01:38:11.029 --> 01:38:15.590 Well, that gets us to one other letter that is worth mentioning. 01:38:15.590 --> 01:38:20.869 Because unlike the others, it's much more plausible to have come from Jack the Ripper. 01:38:20.869 --> 01:38:40.309 On October 16th, 1888, George Lusk, chairman of the Whitechapel Vigilance Committee, received a package with half a human kidney and a letter with the words from hell listed on the return address, which gave the document its name. 01:38:40.309 --> 01:38:47.989 Unlike the Dearboss letter, this one was short, poorly written, and in a noticeably different style. 01:38:47.989 --> 01:38:53.350 The writer claimed to have taken the kidney from one of the victims and eaten half of it. 01:38:53.350 --> 01:38:58.390 It was later determined to have been preserved in liquor before it was mailed. 01:38:58.390 --> 01:39:05.189 Doctors examined the kidney and concluded it was human and came from the left side of the body. 01:39:05.189 --> 01:39:09.029 It was widely assumed to have belonged to Catherine Edoes. 01:39:09.029 --> 01:39:21.430 Several other women were attacked or murdered in Whitechapel from November 1888 to February 1891, but none were definitively linked to Jack the River. 01:39:21.430 --> 01:39:26.069 Public and

media interest fell during the months after Kelly's murder. 01:39:26.069 --> 01:39:37.750 By the spring of 1889, many suspected the culprit was dead, arrested for another crime, committed to an asylum, or simply left London. 01:39:37.750 --> 01:39:40.390 So now let's get into some suspects. 01:39:40.390 --> 01:39:52.630 I'm going to start with some men who were actually considered or investigated by police during the original investigation, before getting into some of the more elaborate suspects proposed decades later. 01:39:52.630 --> 01:39:59.670 Before we do that, though, there's an important problem with the historical record that needs to be highlighted. 01:39:59.670 --> 01:40:06.710 A great deal of the original police documentation was destroyed, lost, or stolen over time. 01:40:06.710 --> 01:40:21.670 One of the most important surviving documents is the McNaughton Memorandum written by Sir Melville McNaughton in 1894, several years after he joined Scotland Yard as an assistant chief constable. 01:40:21.670 --> 01:40:32.869 Because he wasn't directly involved in the investigation, it's unclear where this information came from, but many suspect it was taken from Frederick Aberline's files. 01:40:32.869 --> 01:40:42.470 The memo identifies three primary suspects Montague John Druitt, Aaron Kosminsky, and Michael Ostrog. 01:40:42.470 --> 01:40:49.909 Druitt was a 31-year-old barrister and assistant schoolmaster from an upper middle class family. 01:40:49.909 --> 01:40:54.710 He came from a long line of surgeons, but wasn't a physician himself. 01:40:54.710 --> 01:41:03.029 According to McNaughton, Druitt became a serious suspect after he was found dead in a river on December 31, 1888. 01:41:03.350 --> 01:41:05.909 This is in the graphic novel as well. 01:41:06.149 --> 01:41:08.149 His death was ruled a suicide. 01:41:08.470 --> 01:41:10.949 He is a Patsy in the novel. 01:41:11.269 --> 01:41:16.949 His family reportedly thought he was the murderer because he was, quote, sexually insane. 01:41:16.949 --> 01:41:22.470 Otherwise, we have no idea why he was suspected of being Jack the Ripper. 01:41:22.470 --> 01:41:27.750 He wasn't identified by witnesses or even connected to Whitechapel. 01:41:27.750 --> 01:41:33.510 According to the memo, even Aberline didn't consider him a convincing suspect. 01:41:33.510 --> 01:41:46.149 Next up is Aaron Kosminski, a Polish Jewish immigrant who worked as a hairdresser in Whitechapel and struggled with mental illness for most of his adult life. 01:41:46.149 --> 01:41:53.350 In 1889, he was admitted to a hospital after exhibiting increasingly concerning behavior. 01:41:53.350 --> 01:41:59.109 In 1891, he was admitted to Colony Hatch Lunatic Asylum. 01:41:59.109 --> 01:42:01.590 God, the names of these places were wild. 01:42:01.909 --> 01:42:06.710 Yeah, you don't hear the words lunatic asylum very much these days. 01:42:07.029 --> 01:42:09.829 Which is where he remained for the rest of his life. 01:42:09.829 -->

01:42:17.510 There are police accounts describing him as someone with a strong hatred of women, particularly prostitutes. 01:42:17.510 --> 01:42:24.149 He was suspicious enough to put under surveillance, but there wasn't any evidence to arrest him. 01:42:24.149 --> 01:42:29.189 There's also surprisingly little to suggest he was physically violent. 01:42:29.189 --> 01:42:36.630 One documented incident occurred in 1892 when he attacked a hospital worker with a chair. 01:42:36.630 --> 01:42:42.550 Otherwise, he was generally apathetic, withdrawn, and inactive. 01:42:42.550 --> 01:42:59.109 He became a more famous suspect in 2014 when ripperologist Russell Edwards claimed he had a shawl, supposedly recovered from the scene of Catherine Edo's murder, and had DNA connected to Kosminsky. 01:42:59.109 --> 01:43:05.989 The results were later featured in the 2019 documentary Jack the Ripper, the case reopened. 01:43:05.989 --> 01:43:11.269 If the evidence was as straightforward as it was presented, we'd have our answer. 01:43:11.269 --> 01:43:12.550 But it's not. 01:43:12.550 --> 01:43:14.470 There are huge problems. 01:43:14.470 --> 01:43:19.109 First, the shawl might not even have belonged to Edo's. 01:43:19.109 --> 01:43:24.390 It wasn't mentioned in any surviving police reports about the crime scene. 01:43:24.390 --> 01:43:31.430 Second, it's been handled by hundreds of hands over the years, creating an obvious contamination problem. 01:43:31.430 --> 01:43:35.829 Lastly, is the type of DNA that was tested. 01:43:35.829 --> 01:43:39.750 The researchers relied on mitochondrial DNA. 01:43:39.750 --> 01:43:49.029 Unlike nuclear DNA that is individualized, this type is inherited through the maternal line and is thus shared by many. 01:43:49.750 --> 01:43:53.350 Yeah, I'm calling BS on this riparologist. 01:43:53.829 --> 01:44:04.470 And the last suspect named in the McNaughton memo is Michael Ostrog, a Russian-born man with an extensive criminal record, though little of it was violent. 01:44:04.470 --> 01:44:13.029 Ostrog was a career con man and petty thief with multiple aliases and claimed occupation, including as a doctor. 01:44:13.029 --> 01:44:17.989 He was arrested countless times for fraud, theft, and other minor offenses. 01:44:17.989 --> 01:44:26.309 In 1887, he was committed to a French asylum where he, for some reason, was dubbed a homicidal maniac. 01:44:26.309 --> 01:44:31.350 Despite that distinction, he was released in March 1888. 01:44:31.750 --> 01:44:36.550 One year later, after being diagnosed as a homicidal maniac? 01:44:36.869 --> 01:44:45.430 By the time of the Ripper murders, he'd come to the attention of British authorities and was named a suspect, despite no evidence connecting him to the murders. 01:44:45.430 --> 01:44:52.390 There was also evidence suggesting he was in France during at least part of the period when the murders were occurring. 01:44:52.390 --> 01:45:00.470 Okay, so Remy, do you think any named in the McNaughton memo are suspects that you would want to investigate more into? 01:45:00.869 --> 01:45:04.630 No, I don't think any of these are our guy. 01:45:04.630 --> 01:45:06.869 None of these sound credible to me. 01:45:07.189 --> 01:45:08.149 I agree. 01:45:08.149 --> 01:45:10.229 And so now we'll move on. 01:45:10.229 --> 01:45:17.829 As I mentioned earlier, roughly 80 people were arrested at various points in connection with the murders or related suspicions. 01:45:17.829 --> 01:45:27.189 Many were quickly cleared and initially investigated because of rumors, suspicious behavior, or simply being in the wrong place at the wrong time. 01:45:27.189 --> 01:45:34.069 One of the earliest suspects was connected to an early nickname given to the killer, leather apron. 01:45:34.069 --> 01:45:42.309 After Mary Ann Nichols was murdered, a bloodstained piece of a leather apron was found in the vicinity of the crime scene. 01:45:42.309 --> 01:45:52.869 Local residents began speculating that it belonged to John Pizer, a Polish-born Jewish bootmaker known to wear a leather apron while working. 01:45:52.869 --> 01:45:59.590 He was arrested on September 10th, 1888, despite no real evidence against him. 01:45:59.989 --> 01:46:03.109 Other than the fact that he wore a leather apron. 01:46:03.430 --> 01:46:08.470 Which I am sure so did so many other professional men at this time. 01:46:08.470 --> 01:46:21.029 A search of his home revealed several long-bladed knives and a collection of homemade hats. 01:46:21.029 --> 01:46:28.869 Coincidentally, Nichols reportedly told people shortly before her death that she had acquired a new hat. 01:46:28.869 --> 01:46:36.069 Piser was released from custody after police established his alibis for the murders of Nichols and Chapman. 01:46:36.069 --> 01:46:43.510 He was also awarded compensation from at least one newspaper who publicly named him as the killer. 01:46:43.510 --> 01:46:48.630 Ironically, another piece from an apron was found near Catherine Edo's body. 01:46:48.630 --> 01:46:53.829 It belonged to John Richardson, though he was ultimately cleared of any wrongdoing. 01:46:53.829 --> 01:46:59.510 There was also William Piggott, a ship cook arrested the same day as Pizer. 01:46:59.510 --> 01:47:06.390 He came under suspicion because he was found at a pub with cuts on his hands and blood on his clothes. 01:47:06.390 --> 01:47:15.350 After a few hours in custody, he became increasingly incoherent, declared insane, and sent to an asylum. 01:47:15.350 --> 01:47:21.189 He was eliminated as a suspect after the murders continued during his confinement. 01:47:21.510 --> 01:47:25.989 Jesus, that went as badly as it could have possibly gone. 01:47:26.309 --> 01:47:32.949 Another suspect who seemed plausible was Jacob Eisenschmid, a Swiss-born butcher. 01:47:32.949 --> 01:47:39.269 He was arrested on September 13, 1888, shortly after the murder of Annie Chapman. 01:47:39.269 --> 01:47:52.869 Part of the reason he was considered was because

he matched the description of a man with a distinct ginger mustache who was reportedly seen wearing bloodstained clothing and acting suspiciously the night of Chapman's murder. 01:47:52.869 --> 01:47:58.309 Two days before his arrest, two physicians contacted police about him. 01:47:58.309 --> 01:48:04.710 AishenSmid apparently lived a relatively quiet life until about a year before the murders. 01:48:04.710 --> 01:48:09.510 His mental health deteriorated when his businesses began failing. 01:48:09.510 --> 01:48:14.470 According to his wife, he became violent, erratic, and unpredictable. 01:48:14.470 --> 01:48:22.229 She claimed he frequently attacked women in Whitechapel, rarely came home, and always carried large knives. 01:48:22.229 --> 01:48:26.149 This does sound like an excellent fit for the Ripper profile. 01:48:26.149 --> 01:48:35.430 The only problem is once again there was no evidence against him, and he was still in custody when Stride and Edoes were murdered on September 30th. 01:48:35.430 --> 01:48:41.670 He was subsequently committed to a psychiatric institution where he remained for the rest of his life. 01:48:41.989 --> 01:48:44.710 They're just committing everybody back in the day. 01:48:44.949 --> 01:48:48.630 Then there was Charles Ludwig, a German hairdresser. 01:48:48.630 --> 01:48:55.590 He came to police attention after stabbing a man while drunk at a coffee stall on September 18th. 01:48:55.590 --> 01:49:00.710 Prior to that, he was wanted for trying to slash a woman's throat with a razor. 01:49:00.710 --> 01:49:05.189 Like others before him, he was still in custody at the time of the double event. 01:49:05.189 --> 01:49:07.590 Next up is a really fun one. 01:49:07.590 --> 01:49:08.309 Dr. 01:49:08.309 --> 01:49:10.149 Francis Tumbletty. 01:49:10.149 --> 01:49:16.229 He's the suspect you'd concoct if you were writing Jack the Ripper fanfiction. 01:49:16.229 --> 01:49:19.989 Tumbletty was born and raised in Rochester, New York. 01:49:19.989 --> 01:49:28.309 He reportedly disappeared around the age of 17 and resurfaced a decade later, claiming to be a great physician. 01:49:28.309 --> 01:49:43.670 He had no medical training but earned a small fortune traveling around the United States and Canada as a self-proclaimed Indian herb doctor, selling questionable remedies like Tumbledi's pimple destroyer and Dr. 01:49:43.670 --> 01:49:46.390 Morris's Indian root pills. 01:49:46.390 --> 01:49:56.789 He had a reputation for being eccentric and hating women, possibly because his ex wife engaged in prostitution during their marriage. 01:49:56.789 --> 01:50:05.430 A stranger claim made by people who knew him was that he had a large collection of uteruses from quote, everything. 01:50:05.430 --> 01:50:07.350 Class of women. 01:50:07.350 --> 01:50:08.470 End quote. 01:50:09.109 --> 01:50:12.390 Can you explain that at all? 01:50:12.789 --> 01:50:17.510 I think it's referring to every social and economic class of woman. 01:50:17.510 --> 01:50:18.309 I don't know. 01:50:18.309 --> 01:50:19.510 It's sketch. 01:50:20.069 --> 01:50:22.949 That's a weird way to phrase it. 01:50:23.350 --> 01:50:32.869 Tumblady fled to London following accusations of medical malpractice and allegedly trying to procure an abortion for a prostitute. 01:50:32.869 --> 01:50:44.710 On November 7, 1888, just two days after Mary Jane Kelly's murder, he was arrested for homosexual activity, which was illegal in Britain at the time. 01:50:44.710 --> 01:50:59.189 Shortly after his arrest, Scotland Yard contacted police in San Francisco requesting handwriting samples, suggesting they were interested in comparing his writing to some of the communications attributed to Jack the Ripper. 01:50:59.189 --> 01:51:09.029 Because he was known in the United States for his pending criminal charges, the New York Times reported that his arrest in London was connected to the Ribber murders. 01:51:09.029 --> 01:51:15.269 After being released on bail, Tumbletti fled England and returned to the United States. 01:51:15.269 --> 01:51:20.869 Scotland Yard tried to extradite him, but American authorities declined. 01:51:20.869 --> 01:51:28.390 The charges against him weren't extraditable, and there was no compelling evidence connecting him to the Ripper murders. 01:51:28.390 --> 01:51:35.510 He was a problematic fit for the witness descriptions, and that he was older and considerably taller. 01:51:35.909 --> 01:51:43.510 Even though it's not a strong candidate, it's the most plausible one so far, I would say. 01:51:43.909 --> 01:51:50.949 The last two suspects from the 1800s worth mentioning are William Bury and Frederick Deming. 01:51:50.949 --> 01:51:58.550 Burry had recently moved to Scotland before murdering his wife Ellen on February 4th, 1889. 01:51:58.550 --> 01:52:02.949 A few days later, he went to police claiming she committed suicide. 01:52:02.949 --> 01:52:07.109 He eventually admitted to killing her but denied being Jack the Ripper. 01:52:07.109 --> 01:52:12.630 The circumstances of Ellen's murder attracted attention because of the Ripper case. 01:52:12.630 --> 01:52:20.949 She was strangled and had cuts to her abdomen, though they were minor compared to the mutilations of the Canonical Five. 01:52:20.949 --> 01:52:24.869 He was sentenced to death and hung in April 1889. 01:52:24.869 --> 01:52:28.229 That's when the Ripper theory really took off. 01:52:28.229 --> 01:52:36.470 Executioner James Barry promoted the idea that Bury was Jack the Ripper, pointing to several things he found suspicious. 01:52:36.470 --> 01:52:43.909 One was graffiti associated with Bury's residence that allegedly accused the occupant of being the Ripper. 01:52:43.909 --> 01:52:47.109 Barry interpreted this as a confession. 01:52:47.109 --> 01:52:55.189 There were also claims that his wife told police her husband knew something about the serial killer, but neither of these claims is strong. 01:52:55.189 --> 01:53:01.989 There's no proof Bury

wrote the graffiti, and the sources of Ellen's statements are difficult to verify. 01:53:01.989 --> 01:53:08.949 Police did show some interest in him because he left Whitechapel shortly after Mary Jane Kelly's murder. 01:53:08.949 --> 01:53:14.869 And when he was arrested, he reportedly expressed concern about being accused of the slangs. 01:53:14.869 --> 01:53:18.470 The biggest problem with the Bury theory is the Ripper's MO. 01:53:18.470 --> 01:53:26.550 Ellen was strangled rather than having her throat cut, and the abdominal injuries were minor compared to the other murders. 01:53:26.869 --> 01:53:34.949 It seems like if you committed just about any crime in the vicinity during this time, you were a suspect. 01:53:35.430 --> 01:53:42.069 It's if you did anything to raise suspicion about you for any reason, you were a suspect. 01:53:42.069 --> 01:53:45.750 And finally, we have Frederick Deming. 01:53:45.750 --> 01:53:52.069 In 1891, he murdered his wife and four children at their home in Lancashire. 01:53:52.069 --> 01:53:57.269 He then fled Britain for Australia, where he married and killed a second woman. 01:53:57.269 --> 01:54:05.269 Her body was discovered beneath the floorboards of his home, which led police to discover the bodies of his family back in England. 01:54:05.269 --> 01:54:09.109 He was arrested, convicted, and sentenced to death. 01:54:09.109 --> 01:54:21.590 While in prison, he reportedly boasted about being responsible for the Whitechapel murders, though evidence suggests he was either in prison or outside of England during most of the killings. 01:54:21.590 --> 01:54:32.229 Still, the rumors were persistent enough that a plaster cast of his face was sent to Scotland Yard after he was executed in May 1892. 01:54:32.229 --> 01:54:41.750 It was displayed for years as the death mask of Jack the Ripper and eventually placed in the Metropolitan Police's famous Black Museum. 01:54:41.750 --> 01:54:48.470 So, Remy, now before we turn to more modern suspects, any of those guys still float your boat? 01:54:48.869 --> 01:54:55.109 I mean, none of them are incredibly strong candidates in my eyes. 01:54:55.109 --> 01:54:59.909 But if I had to go with one of them, it would be Dr. 01:54:59.909 --> 01:55:01.269 Trembletti. 01:55:01.269 --> 01:55:09.829 He's the only one that it seems even remotely plausible that he could have been the guy. 01:55:10.149 --> 01:55:21.909 I really like the theories where it's someone that was in Whitechapel for a short amount of time, and the reason the killing stopped is because they moved or they were institutionalized. 01:55:21.909 --> 01:55:31.989 Because, in my opinion, a killer that is acting in this like just extreme horrific manner, he's not just gonna start and stop within a couple months. 01:55:31.989 --> 01:55:33.909 Something happened to this guy. 01:55:33.909 --> 01:55:34.949 So I agree. 01:55:34.949 --> 01:55:36.789 As crazy as Dr. 01:55:36.789 --> 01:55:42.710 Trombletty is, of all those ones,

in my opinion, he's the most convincing. 01:55:42.710 --> 01:55:44.550 Which isn't saying much. 01:55:44.869 --> 01:55:48.550 No, none of them are truly viable suspects to me. 01:55:48.869 --> 01:55:51.829 Now let's turn to more modern suspects. 01:55:51.829 --> 01:55:58.710 Over the years, virtually anyone with even the loosest connection to the case was accused of being the ripper. 01:55:58.710 --> 01:56:02.069 And some of the accusations are truly wild. 01:56:02.069 --> 01:56:10.949 Oscar Wilde's boyfriend, George Miles, Winston Churchill's dad, Queen Victoria's physician, Sir William Gull. 01:56:10.949 --> 01:56:12.069 There he is. 01:56:12.069 --> 01:56:24.069 The pining tutor of King Edward VII's oldest son, Prince Albert Victor, and even Lewis Carroll, the author of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. 01:56:24.069 --> 01:56:35.909 Because anyone being accused has been dead for generations, there's no possibility of questioning them, making it easy to construct a theory around almost anyone. 01:56:35.909 --> 01:56:40.229 Nonetheless, let's go over additional suspects presented over the years. 01:56:40.229 --> 01:56:46.149 We'll go chronologically, starting with theories from the early 1900s and working our way forward. 01:56:46.149 --> 01:56:57.109 In 1929, journalist Leonard Matters published The Mystery of Jack the Ripper, one of the earliest books to propose a new identity for the killer. 01:56:57.109 --> 01:57:03.430 Matters claimed that shortly before his death in Argentina, a man known only as Dr. 01:57:03.430 --> 01:57:07.590 Stanley made a deathbed confession about being Jack the Ripper. 01:57:07.590 --> 01:57:09.269 There's just one problem. 01:57:09.269 --> 01:57:13.590 There's no reliable evidence that this man ever existed. 01:57:13.590 --> 01:57:20.149 Matters also named another man as the possible suspect, Severin Klaowski. 01:57:20.149 --> 01:57:29.430 He was born in Poland, trained as a surgical assistant, and worked as a barber after immigrating to Whitechapel around 1888. 01:57:29.430 --> 01:57:37.189 Between 1898 and 1902, he married three women who died from mysterious ailments. 01:57:37.189 --> 01:57:43.670 Turns out, he slowly poisoned them to death with arsenic and became known as the Borough Poisoner. 01:57:43.670 --> 01:57:47.510 He was arrested in 1902 and hanged a year later. 01:57:47.510 --> 01:57:50.390 So why did Matters think he was Jack the Ripper? 01:57:50.390 --> 01:57:59.750 For starters, Klawowski lived in Whitechapel during the Ripper murders, had some surgical training, and resembled witness descriptions. 01:57:59.750 --> 01:58:06.710 Matters also claimed Frederick Aberlein considered Klawski one of his leading suspects. 01:58:06.710 --> 01:58:14.149 But would Jack the Ripper replace his life of brutal mutilation for one of slow poisoning? 01:58:14.149 --> 01:58:15.430 Unlikely. 01:58:15.430 --> 01:58:19.029 Moving forward several decades, we come to Dr. 01:58:19.029 --> 01:58:21.430 Alexander Pedachinko.

01:58:21.430 --> 01:58:27.829 The theory appeared in Donald McCormick's 1959 book, Identity of Jack the Ripper. 01:58:27.829 --> 01:58:34.309 According to his story, the Russian doctor committed the murders while another man served as a lookout. 01:58:34.309 --> 01:58:36.069 This sounds familiar. 01:58:36.069 --> 01:58:43.350 McCormick pointed to Pedachinko's surgical expertise and black mustache to support his theory. 01:58:43.350 --> 01:58:53.510 Once again, there's no reliable evidence that this man ever existed, and since 1959, the book has been increasingly discredited. 01:58:53.510 --> 01:59:05.350 In Jack the Ripper The Bloody Truth, author Melvin Harris puts forth Robert Stevenson as one of the few suspects who actually fits what is known about the Ripper. 01:59:05.350 --> 01:59:12.390 Stevenson was a journalist and writer interested in the occult, spiritualism, and black magic. 01:59:12.390 --> 01:59:18.710 He had a mustache, lived in Whitechapel, and was 47 years old at the time of the murders. 01:59:18.710 --> 01:59:27.510 On July 26, 1888, he admitted himself to London Hospital, where he remained until December 7th. 01:59:27.510 --> 01:59:32.789 This means he was hospitalized during each of the canonical murders. 01:59:32.789 --> 01:59:37.590 At first glance, this would seem to completely exonerate him. 01:59:37.590 --> 01:59:44.550 But Stevenson was a voluntary patient, not someone who'd been committed involuntarily. 01:59:44.550 --> 01:59:54.309 He might not have had the same restrictions as other patients and may have been able to move about the facilities and large grounds more freely. 01:59:54.309 --> 02:00:02.309 The hospital was also remarkably close to the crime scenes, in some cases, only a few minutes' walk away. 02:00:02.309 --> 02:00:16.869 While still hospitalized on December 1st, 1888, Stevenson published an article in the Paul Mall Gazette in which he suggested black magic or ritualistic killings as a motive for the murders. 02:00:16.869 --> 02:00:25.109 His well-known interest in the occult contributed to suspicions about him, but police didn't consider him a serious suspect. 02:00:25.109 --> 02:00:33.269 After leaving the hospital on December 7th, he met George March, an amateur detective trying to identify the Ripper. 02:00:33.269 --> 02:00:37.029 They met two or three times a week to discuss the case. 02:00:37.029 --> 02:00:40.470 During one of these meetings, Stevenson claimed Dr. 02:00:40.470 --> 02:00:44.309 Davies, a physician at London Hospital, was responsible. 02:00:44.309 --> 02:00:48.630 The two agreed to split the reward if he was arrested and convicted. 02:00:48.630 --> 02:00:56.390 On Christmas Eve, 1888, Stevenson went to Scotland Yard with a five-page statement explaining why he thought Dr. 02:00:56.390 --> 02:00:57.909 Davies was the killer. 02:00:57.909 --> 02:01:05.510 In it, he claimed he witnessed Davies acting out the Ripper's murders on an imaginary woman at the hospital. 02:01:05.510 --> 02:01:09.989 There's no surviving documentation on how this was followed up. 02:01:09.989 --> 02:01:17.189 Stevenson does seem to be a promising suspect, though his physical condition at the time would have posed a challenge. 02:01:17.189 --> 02:01:24.309 He was a heavy drinker and used drugs to prevent and manage the effects of severe alcohol withdrawal. 02:01:24.309 --> 02:01:31.029 On the other hand, his background may have given him the kind of knowledge some investigators believe the Ripper possessed. 02:01:31.029 --> 02:01:39.189 Unlike most of the witnesses we've already discussed, Stevenson actually fits several elements of contemporary descriptions. 02:01:39.189 --> 02:01:48.309 He lived in Whitechapel, was the right general age, had a mustache, and was physically close to the murder scenes during the entire period of the killings. 02:01:48.309 --> 02:02:00.470 In Donald Rumbello's book, Jack the Ripper, The Complete Case Book, which is the primary source for this portion of the podcast, Stevenson is one of the few individuals said to be a strong suspect. 02:02:00.470 --> 02:02:01.829 What do you think, Remy? 02:02:02.550 --> 02:02:07.350 I think like all of the other suspects, it's reaching. 02:02:07.350 --> 02:02:13.590 I don't think that there is enough to point the finger at this guy either, in all honesty. 02:02:13.909 --> 02:02:26.869 I also don't feel like Jack the Ripper would have teamed up with a sleuth detective and gone to Scotland Yard pointing the detective at a random doctor. 02:02:26.869 --> 02:02:29.189 That just seems reckless. 02:02:29.189 --> 02:02:40.149 But the idea that he was living in a hospital and sneaking out and just running back to this hospital, and that's why he was nowhere to be found in the streets is kind of intriguing. 02:02:40.470 --> 02:02:43.590 It's intriguing, but does it make much sense? 02:02:43.590 --> 02:02:50.550 He was going out butchering these women and then coming back to the hospital completely spotless. 02:02:50.869 --> 02:03:08.229 So all the physicians who examined the bodies post-mortem all agreed that the culprit would actually have very little, if any, blood on him because he cut the throats while he was standing behind them and then laid them on the ground, so all the blood would have flowed downwards, not splattered on him. 02:03:08.630 --> 02:03:11.989 I still think that you would get some on you. 02:03:11.989 --> 02:03:14.229 And is he changing clothes? 02:03:14.229 --> 02:03:20.949 I don't know what you wore when you were committed back in the day, but it is usually white, if it's how it's depicted in movies. 02:03:20.949 --> 02:03:21.909 So I don't know. 02:03:21.909 --> 02:03:24.470 It's an interesting theory, but I don't buy it. 02:03:24.789 --> 02:03:28.630 If he's wearing a black coat, would you even be able to tell if it's stained? 02:03:28.630 --> 02:03:30.630 Where did he get the black coat? 02:03:30.789 --> 02:03:35.029 He just hangs it on a coat rack every night

before he goes back inside? 02:03:35.269 --> 02:03:40.630 No, in a lot of hospitals that you're committed to, especially if you're voluntary, you can wear your own clothes. 02:03:40.949 --> 02:03:46.710 Still, I don't think that there's enough for this guy to be a suspect. 02:03:46.710 --> 02:03:50.949 It's interesting, but I just don't believe it's this guy. 02:03:51.350 --> 02:04:01.109 One last ripper theory from the 1980s involves someone considerably closer to one of the victims than anyone we've discussed so far. 02:04:01.109 --> 02:04:05.189 Joseph Barnett, Mary Jane Kelly's romantic partner. 02:04:05.189 --> 02:04:14.309 The theory is Barnett killed her in a fit of jealousy, possibly because he was angry about her continuing to work as a prostitute. 02:04:14.309 --> 02:04:20.789 According to some versions, he mutilated her body to make the murder look like the work of Jack the Ripper. 02:04:20.789 --> 02:04:29.750 This would explain why her injuries were more extensive, which I could argue that could also be explained by the fact that it was done inside. 02:04:29.750 --> 02:04:40.869 Other supporters take this theory even further, arguing that Barnett killed the other woman to frighten Kelly away from prostitution, which just seems like a lot of work. 02:04:40.869 --> 02:04:53.269 Now we find ourselves in 1992, when a Liverpool resident named Michael Barrett contacted a literary agent saying he had Jack the Ripper's diary. 02:04:53.269 --> 02:05:01.909 It was a scrapbook-style book bound in black cloth with seven bands of gold foil across the two-inch spine. 02:05:01.909 --> 02:05:18.949 The diary begins with the writer describing himself as having done something he can never tell anyone about before launching into a series of disturbing entries about women he killed, his sexual obsession, and attempts to evade detection. 02:05:18.949 --> 02:05:30.949 The author was supposedly James Maybrick, a wealthy Liverpool cotton merchant whose wife was convicted of poisoning him with arsenic in 1889. 02:05:30.949 --> 02:05:47.269 According to Barrett, the diary was discovered beneath the floorboards of a house in Liverpool, but no one could establish a reliable chain of custody showing where this diary had been from 1889 and 1992. 02:05:47.269 --> 02:05:56.550 Scientific testing did find that the ink contained a dye that was consistent with those manufactured during the late 19th century. 02:05:56.550 --> 02:06:03.829 However, the handwriting didn't match what was on Maybrick's will and marriage certificate. 02:06:03.829 --> 02:06:11.430 At one point, Barrett also admitted to forging the diary, though he redacted this claim sometime later. 02:06:11.670 --> 02:06:12.710 Oh no, no, no, no. 02:06:12.710 --> 02:06:14.470 You already said it, you can't take it back. 02:06:14.710 --> 02:06:23.750 And Remy, because I know you just love art so much, we start our list of suspects from 2000s with two artists. 02:06:24.069 --> 02:06:26.789 We're still getting

suspects in the 2000s? 02:06:26.789 --> 02:06:28.550 Alright, lay them on me. 02:06:28.789 --> 02:06:32.149 Walter Sickert and Francis Thompson. 02:06:32.149 --> 02:06:45.109 Sickert was a German-British painter first accused of being Jack the Ripper in 2002 when crime writer Patricia Cornwell published Portrait of a Killer, Jack the Ripper. 02:06:45.109 --> 02:06:46.869 Case closed. 02:06:46.869 --> 02:06:52.789 She points to what she saw as sinister undertones in his artwork. 02:06:52.789 --> 02:07:09.430 The most frequently cited example is his Camden Town Murder Paintings, a series inspired by a murder in 1907, which depicted nude women lying on beds, sometimes with clothed men nearby. 02:07:09.430 --> 02:07:19.269 Cornwell argued Sickert's artistic interest in murder, sexuality, and the feminine form reflected something much darker. 02:07:19.269 --> 02:07:22.390 She also tried to make a scientific case. 02:07:22.390 --> 02:07:36.470 She said she obtained letters and envelopes supposedly handled by Sickert and compared mitochondrial DNA from those sources to recovered envelopes associated with Ripper correspondence. 02:07:36.470 --> 02:07:44.949 The results were presented as evidence that Sickert and the writer of at least one Ripper letter shared a maternal lineage. 02:07:44.949 --> 02:07:47.909 This is where things get complicated. 02:07:47.909 --> 02:07:53.189 First, the Ripper letters of themselves are of questionable authenticity. 02:07:53.189 --> 02:07:59.909 If the letter wasn't actually written by Jack the Ripper, finding DNA evidence on its envelope means nothing. 02:07:59.909 --> 02:08:10.789 Second, as I noted before, mitochondrial DNA isn't unique to an individual, meaning a genuine match wouldn't even mean Sickert touched the letters. 02:08:10.789 --> 02:08:21.750 The envelopes were handled by many people over decades, and the DNA would have been degraded and contaminated long before modern testing was attempted. 02:08:21.750 --> 02:08:25.510 There are also more fundamental problems with this theory. 02:08:25.510 --> 02:08:35.430 Sickert wasn't in Whitechapel for the entire period of the murders, and once again, there's no evidence placing him at any of the crime scenes. 02:08:35.430 --> 02:08:42.149 So despite what Cornwell wants us to believe, this case is very much not closed. 02:08:42.149 --> 02:08:50.869 The other artist we'll look at is Francis Thompson, a poet proposed as a Ripper suspect much more recently. 02:08:50.869 --> 02:08:58.470 He had some medical training and spent some time homeless in London, including in Whitechapel around the time of the murders. 02:08:58.470 --> 02:09:08.710 Beginning in the 2010s, some researchers interpreted passages of his poems as containing hidden references to the Ripper murders. 02:09:08.710 --> 02:09:18.309 The theory gained attention around 2016, but once again, the so-called evidence is extremely subjective. 02:09:18.309 --> 02:09:21.029 Poetry is metaphorical by nature. 02:09:21.029 --> 02:09:30.550 Works containing imagery of death, blood, violence, and sexuality can of course look sinister when read through the lens of the Ripper murders. 02:09:30.869 --> 02:09:32.949 As can a painting. 02:09:32.949 --> 02:09:34.789 These are all absurd. 02:09:35.430 --> 02:09:47.590 In 2019, William Clarkson was named a suspect based on information taken from his biography written in 1937, three years after his death. 02:09:47.590 --> 02:09:55.350 Clarkson was a wig maker who worked for Queen Victoria and lived about two miles from most of the crime scenes. 02:09:55.350 --> 02:10:04.149 He reportedly stalked a former fiance and allegedly claimed one of his wigs was found at one of the crime scenes. 02:10:04.149 --> 02:10:07.430 His profession made him an interesting candidate. 02:10:07.430 --> 02:10:14.390 As a wig maker, he would have worked with sharp cutting tools that could have potentially been used as murder weapons. 02:10:14.390 --> 02:10:17.750 And the theory gets more speculative from there. 02:10:17.750 --> 02:10:30.069 One proposed theory was that he became involved in some sort of blackmailing scheme and murdered the women to conceal it, which makes no sense to me, because come on. 02:10:30.069 --> 02:10:48.550 And finally, that brings us to the most recent major ripper suspect, Hayam Hyams, proposed in 2023 by researcher Sarah Horton in her book One Armed Jack Uncovering the Real Jack the Ripper. 02:10:48.550 --> 02:10:51.909 Hyams was a cigar maker who lived in London. 02:10:51.909 --> 02:10:58.470 In 1889, he attacked his wife with a knife and was committed to a psychiatric institution. 02:10:58.470 --> 02:11:03.510 While there, he became increasingly aggressive towards staff and patients. 02:11:03.510 --> 02:11:11.269 His history of violence, residence, and access to knives are reasons he was cited as a suspect. 02:11:11.590 --> 02:11:13.829 Oh, this is our man, Cyam Hyams. 02:11:13.829 --> 02:11:15.909 That's Jack the Ripper for sure. 02:11:16.149 --> 02:11:17.909 I mean, he does have the best name. 02:11:17.909 --> 02:11:18.550 I don't know. 02:11:18.550 --> 02:11:23.989 So, Remy, before we move on so we don't have to talk about it later, what do you think about any of these guys? 02:11:24.390 --> 02:11:28.069 I don't think any of these guys are Jack the Ripper. 02:11:28.069 --> 02:11:42.710 I think that Jack the Ripper was someone who we will never know, and is not someone who's been named on any suspect list, and may not have been anyone of any consequence either. 02:11:42.710 --> 02:11:55.909 He may have just been a man in an extremely crowded area of London who perpetrated this axe and was just a nobody, and not someone that we will ever know. 02:11:55.909 --> 02:11:59.829 And that's who I think Jack the Ripper actually is. 02:12:00.229 --> 02:12:00.789 I agree. 02:12:00.789 --> 02:12:05.590 I have no theory on whether he was initially from London. 02:12:05.590 --> 02:12:22.949 Or not, but what I think

is that he fled London once these cases started getting too hot and died shortly after, because there's no accounts of these types of killings happening elsewhere. 02:12:22.949 --> 02:12:25.670 Maybe they were happening and they just didn't make the news. 02:12:25.670 --> 02:12:26.390 I don't know. 02:12:26.390 --> 02:12:43.829 But you think with how popular and widely publicized Jack the Ripper was that if a woman turned up with her throat cut and uterus and kidney removed and organs splaying out in Australia or the United States, it would have made the news. 02:12:43.829 --> 02:12:46.949 So because of that, I think he died sometime after. 02:12:46.949 --> 02:12:51.269 And I don't think we will ever know who Jack the Ripper was. 02:12:51.269 --> 02:12:58.229 In the two decades following the murders, the worst of London's slums were cleared and demolished. 02:12:58.229 --> 02:13:06.149 Whitechapel changed, but some of the streets and buildings associated with the Ripper murders survived and can be seen today. 02:13:06.149 --> 02:13:11.109 Many are stops on the various walking tours visitors can take through the area. 02:13:11.109 --> 02:13:14.869 But Jap the Ripper's biggest legacy isn't tangible. 02:13:14.869 --> 02:13:17.909 It's the fascination with the case itself. 02:13:17.909 --> 02:13:24.710 By 1955, there were more than 900 books and articles published about him. 02:13:24.710 --> 02:13:28.630 Today, that number is well into the thousands. 02:13:28.630 --> 02:13:47.750 By 2002, the Ripper inspired more than 50 movies and TV episodes. 02:13:47.750 --> 02:13:53.670 At least four magazines are almost exclusively devoted to the case. 02:13:53.670 --> 02:13:59.430 And it's not hard to understand why Jack the Ripper continues to fascinate so many people. 02:13:59.430 --> 02:14:02.069 It's the ultimate unsolved mystery. 02:14:02.069 --> 02:14:10.949 There are victims, witnesses, and evidence, but we don't have the one thing that would bring the story to an end: a culprit. 02:14:10.949 --> 02:14:14.710 There wasn't a universally accepted solution. 02:14:14.710 --> 02:14:18.229 Everyone can take a stab at solving the case. 02:14:18.229 --> 02:14:21.430 Anyone is free to add their own ending. 02:14:21.430 --> 02:14:26.149 And that is the true story of the Hughes brothers from hell. 02:14:29.350 --> 02:14:39.350 I know on our last episode we talked about questioning whether or not we would even be able to get this episode out in time because there was so much info to cover. 02:14:39.350 --> 02:14:42.149 But damn, Ashley, we did it. 02:14:42.149 --> 02:14:43.269 Good on us. 02:14:43.269 --> 02:14:50.390 We finally covered the most infamous serial killer in all of history with Jack the Ripper. 02:14:50.789 --> 02:14:51.510 We did it. 02:14:51.510 --> 02:15:05.989 We know it's long, and because it's long, we've tried to kind of discuss key points throughout the episode so we can just not beat around the bush and get into our final conclusions for this week. 02:15:05.989 --> 02:15:09.109 Remy, let's just dive into our objection of the week. 02:15:09.590 --> 02:15:12.550 Your Honor, I object! And why is that, Mr. 02:15:12.550 --> 02:15:13.189 Reed? 02:15:13.189 --> 02:15:16.069 Because it's devastating to my case! Overrule. 02:15:16.069 --> 02:15:17.189 Good call! 02:15:17.750 --> 02:15:21.750 I believe you kicked things off last week, so I'm gonna start this week. 02:15:21.750 --> 02:15:33.989 There was a lot of different things about like body parts being removed or cut from different people, but I'm gonna go with the fact that in the movie, Mary's heart, Mary, quote unquote Mary. 02:15:33.989 --> 02:15:41.989 It wasn't Mary in the movie, but who we thought was Mary and who was supposed to be Mary, was being boiled on the stove. 02:15:41.989 --> 02:15:45.750 In reality, she had enough done to her body. 02:15:45.750 --> 02:15:47.989 Why throw in a boiling of the heart? 02:15:47.989 --> 02:15:49.189 Just why? 02:15:49.510 --> 02:16:00.710 I think they threw that in because they had to edit out a lot of the other stuff because of the MPAA, and that was really the only thing that was left in there at the end. 02:16:00.710 --> 02:16:03.109 But that is a good objection. 02:16:03.109 --> 02:16:17.909 However, I don't think that it compares to my objection this week, which is the fact that the elephant man makes an appearance in From Hell and in the graphic novel From Hell. 02:16:17.909 --> 02:16:25.510 Granted, he has a little bit more to do in the graphic novel, but in the movie there is a scene showcasing the elephant man. 02:16:25.510 --> 02:16:41.510 Now, the elephant man did exist during the time of the Jack the Ripper murders, but there are no reports that he was ever in Whitechapel or had anything to do with the Jack the Ripper murders, but was included in the film. 02:16:41.510 --> 02:16:53.750 In the book, Jack the Ripper uses him as a distraction for his first kill, like he has him in the bushes and the woman sees him and is kind of caught off guard, and that's how he ambushes her. 02:16:53.750 --> 02:16:58.389 But in the movie, he's just there for some reason. 02:16:58.389 --> 02:17:01.829 So yeah, that is my objection, Ashley. 02:17:02.229 --> 02:17:10.709 Alright, yeah, that's not one that was even on my radar, because like you had mentioned, which is the reason it was your objection, he's not an original story. 02:17:10.709 --> 02:17:12.870 So yeah, I'm I'm gonna give to you. 02:17:12.870 --> 02:17:14.149 You you got it, Remy. 02:17:14.149 --> 02:17:14.870 You got it. 02:17:15.110 --> 02:17:21.270 I even paused after I mentioned that scene and looked over at you like, you gonna say anything about this? 02:17:21.270 --> 02:17:24.469 And you just shook your head no, and I kept on moving. 02:17:24.469 --> 02:17:29.350 So, all right, I get the objection this week with the elephant man. 02:17:29.670 --> 02:17:33.989 Even including this individual just seems distasteful. 02:17:33.989 -->

02:17:35.590 Why did you have to do that? 02:17:35.590 --> 02:17:38.950 Other than trying to exploit him. 02:17:39.590 --> 02:17:45.350 It is in the graphic novel, and that is, I assume, why it's included in the film. 02:17:45.350 --> 02:17:53.030 However, in the film, it's just kind of thrown in there for one scene and doesn't have any impact on anything. 02:17:53.030 --> 02:18:07.350 However, in the graphic novel, Jack the Ripper, or William Gull, actually sits down with Merrick, the elephant man, and talks to him about how other countries would see him as a god because he resembles an elephant. 02:18:07.350 --> 02:18:22.870 And because of that, he agrees to help him do this thing where he kinda just waits in the bushes as the carriage drives by, and that's enough to distract the woman inside, Martha, as she is brutally murdered. 02:18:22.870 --> 02:18:26.950 But no, he has nothing to do with the true story whatsoever. 02:18:26.950 --> 02:18:31.270 So let's dive into our verdict. 02:18:31.590 --> 02:18:37.030 At the conclusion of each episode, our hosts will deliver a verdict based on the film's accuracy. 02:18:37.030 --> 02:18:42.309 If the film is an honest portrayal of the events, then it will earn a not guilty verdict. 02:18:42.309 --> 02:18:50.789 If the adaptation is mostly factual, but creative liberties were taken for the sake of entertainment, the film will be declared a mistrial. 02:18:50.789 --> 02:18:58.469 But if the film ultimately strays too far from the truth, then it will be condemned as guilty and sentenced to a life behind bars. 02:18:59.989 --> 02:19:04.309 I think that this one is pretty easy. 02:19:04.309 --> 02:19:09.510 I'm giving From Hell a big fat guilty verdict. 02:19:09.510 --> 02:19:11.590 This is not a good movie. 02:19:11.590 --> 02:19:16.469 It portrays the murders extremely distastefully. 02:19:16.469 --> 02:19:33.030 It portrays Jack the Ripper as a blade-style villain with a fancy briefcase and really shiny knives, and just the whole thing is really tacky, and I just get an icky feeling. 02:19:33.030 --> 02:19:41.590 This is a horrific crime spree that occurred, and the movie did not treat it that way at all. 02:19:41.590 --> 02:19:45.510 It treated it like a saw film or something like that. 02:19:45.510 --> 02:19:51.510 They changed Aberdeen to an opium-fueled psychic detective. 02:19:51.510 --> 02:19:57.829 They added so many ridiculous things that it's almost impossible to name them all. 02:19:57.829 --> 02:20:07.350 Though they were following the graphic novel to some extent, the graphic novel is actually way more accurate to the true story than the film is. 02:20:07.350 --> 02:20:14.069 The film is just trash and should not be viewed by anyone. 02:20:14.069 --> 02:20:20.789 It's not a good movie, it's not historically accurate, it has terrible acting, it has a terrible plot, a terrible ending. 02:20:20.789 --> 02:20:33.670 I'm glad to be done with this movie, and I feel like the story of Jack the Ripper

and especially his victims, these poor women, were not given their due justice in this interpretation. 02:20:33.670 --> 02:20:35.270 How do you feel, Ashley? 02:20:35.670 --> 02:20:38.789 For time purposes, I'm just gonna keep this brief. 02:20:38.789 --> 02:20:39.750 I agree. 02:20:39.750 --> 02:20:44.229 This was a guilty verdict from me within. 02:20:44.229 --> 02:20:50.389 I mean, the second you mentioned he was having a opium-fueled psychic vision. 02:20:50.389 --> 02:20:58.950 And then when you got into the Sir William Gall, the Freemasons, the love story, it just like threw me over the ledge. 02:20:58.950 --> 02:21:01.350 This seems like a bad movie. 02:21:01.350 --> 02:21:09.030 I don't know, I haven't seen it, but I can definitively say it is a bad depiction of the Jack the Ripper case. 02:21:09.350 --> 02:21:12.469 Two guilty verdicts for from hell. 02:21:12.469 --> 02:21:15.750 But what do we have coming two weeks from now, Ashley? 02:21:15.750 --> 02:21:20.389 It's pretty different than a serial killer from Victorian England. 02:21:20.709 --> 02:21:22.229 It is very different. 02:21:22.229 --> 02:21:34.950 We are launching into a political crime, a protest crime, and a Netflix movie that I'm pretty sure was fairly well regarded and is recent. 02:21:34.950 --> 02:21:38.309 We are gonna be talking about the trial of the Chicago 7. 02:21:38.629 --> 02:21:44.069 It is starring Jeremy Strong, Sasha Barron Cohen, and several others. 02:21:44.069 --> 02:21:45.750 And I saw it a while back. 02:21:45.750 --> 02:21:48.229 I don't really remember much about it. 02:21:48.229 --> 02:21:50.870 I think it came out during lockdown times. 02:21:51.110 --> 02:21:52.709 Isn't Eddie Redmane in it too? 02:21:52.870 --> 02:21:54.870 Yes, Eddie Redmane is in it as well. 02:21:54.870 --> 02:22:07.270 Like I said, I don't remember a lot about it, but it will be a refreshing change of pace from all of the horrific things that we have been studying for the past two weeks. 02:22:07.510 --> 02:22:11.750 I have never seen it and I don't know much of anything about the true story. 02:22:11.750 --> 02:22:14.469 I do know the movie is pretty well regarded. 02:22:14.469 --> 02:22:22.149 So I'm very, very excited to take a step away from Brutal Murder to talk about the trial of the Chicago 7. 02:22:22.149 --> 02:22:26.870 And as normal, we will play a little clip of the trailer at the end. 02:22:26.870 --> 02:22:35.190 And before we get to our famous closing line, if you like what you hear, please do give us a rate review and subscribe. 02:22:35.190 --> 02:22:36.549 It really helps us out. 02:22:36.629 --> 02:22:40.309 And until then, court is adjourned. 02:22:41.430 --> 02:22:47.750 We want to underscore again that we're coming to Chicago peacefully, but whether we're given permits or not, we're coming. 02:22:47.750 --> 02:22:51.909 We're going to Chicago to protest the Vietnam War. 02:22:51.909 --> 02:22:54.229 There's no place to be right now, but in it. 02:22:54.789 --> 02:22:58.149 We watched for a decade while we reveled without a job. 02:22:58.149 --> 02:23:00.069 Tell us how to prosecute a war. 02:23:06.309 --> 02:23:08.709 Are you concerned about an overreaction from the cop? 02:23:08.709 --> 02:23:11.670 You all right?

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